Washington 2025-2026 Regular Session Status: Passed Senate 14 D cosponsors

SB 5099 — Protecting the public from gun violence by establishing additional requirements for the business operations of licensed firearms dealers.

Last action — By resolution, reintroduced and retained in present status.

  1. ✓
    Introduced
  2. ✓
    In Committee
  3. 3
    Passed Senate
  4. 4
    Passed House
  5. 5
    To Executive
  6. 6
    Enacted

This bill has passed the Senate. Introduced December 20, 2024. It now moves to the second chamber.

Next likely step: consideration and a floor vote in the House.

Odds of enactment

Moderate chance

Based on the sponsor, cosponsors, and committee posture, this bill has a moderate chance of becoming law.

Upgrade to see the exact probability and what's driving it.

A statistical estimate from our own model of past outcomes — an insight, not a guarantee. Policymaking is volatile.

Prognosis

Advancing 38% · moderate confidence

  • Passed Senate

    Current position in the legislative process.

  • 14 sponsors

    1 primary, 13 co-sponsors signed on.

  • Single-party support

    Sponsorship is currently within one party (14 D).

Based on stage, sponsorship breadth, committee status, recorded votes, and cross-state momentum — a description of the observable signals, not a prediction.

Bill Text

What changed in the latest version

487 added · 499 removed

Plain-language change summary

The latest version of SB 5099 made a significant change by replacing the requirement for the Washington State Patrol to create and publish a checklist for firearm dealer license applications with the same agency now conducting on-site inspections of 10% of licensed dealers annually. This shift prioritizes regular inspections over the application process, which could help ensure that existing dealers are complying with regulations in a timely fashion. This change matters because it aims to enhance oversight and safety within the firearms industry, making it easier to identify and address potential violations.

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S-0861.1 SUBSTITUTE SENATE BILL 5099 State of Washington 69th Legislature 2025 Regular Session By Senate Law & Justice (originally sponsored by Senators Lovick, Pedersen, Conway, Cortes, Dhingra, Frame, Liias, Nobles, Saldaña, Salomon, Slatter, Stanford, Valdez, and C.
S-0056.5 SENATE BILL 5099 State of Washington 69th Legislature 2025 Regular Session By Senators Lovick, Pedersen, Conway, Cortes, Dhingra, Frame, Liias, Nobles, Saldaña, Salomon, Slatter, Stanford, Valdez, and C.
Wilson) READ FIRST TIME 01/24/25.
Wilson Prefiled 12/20/24.
Read first time 01/13/25.
Referred to Committee on Law & Justice.
1 SSB 5099 AK-47 in all forms AK-74 in all forms Algimec AGM-1 type semiautomatic American Arms Spectre da semiautomatic carbine AR15, M16, or M4 in all forms AR 180 type semiautomatic Argentine L.S.R.
1 SB 5099 AK-47 in all forms AK-74 in all forms Algimec AGM-1 type semiautomatic American Arms Spectre da semiautomatic carbine AR15, M16, or M4 in all forms AR 180 type semiautomatic Argentine L.S.R.
2 SSB 5099 Galil Heckler & Koch G3 in all forms Heckler & Koch HK-41/91 Heckler & Koch HK-43/93 Heckler & Koch HK94A2/3 Heckler & Koch MP-5 in all forms Heckler & Koch PSG-1 Heckler & Koch SL8 Heckler & Koch UMP Manchester Arms Commando MK-45 Manchester Arms MK-9 SAR-4800 SIG AMT SG510 in all forms SIG SG550 in all forms SKS Spectre M4 Springfield Armory BM-59 Springfield Armory G3 Springfield Armory SAR-8 Springfield Armory SAR-48 Springfield Armory SAR-3 Springfield Armory M-21 sniper Springfield Armory M1A Smith & Wesson M&P 15 Sterling Mk 1 Sterling Mk 6/7 Steyr AUG TNW M230 FAMAS F11 Uzi 9mm carbine/rifle (ii) A semiautomatic rifle that has an overall length of less than 30 inches;
2 SB 5099 Galil Heckler & Koch G3 in all forms Heckler & Koch HK-41/91 Heckler & Koch HK-43/93 Heckler & Koch HK94A2/3 Heckler & Koch MP-5 in all forms Heckler & Koch PSG-1 Heckler & Koch SL8 Heckler & Koch UMP Manchester Arms Commando MK-45 Manchester Arms MK-9 SAR-4800 SIG AMT SG510 in all forms SIG SG550 in all forms SKS Spectre M4 Springfield Armory BM-59 Springfield Armory G3 Springfield Armory SAR-8 Springfield Armory SAR-48 Springfield Armory SAR-3 Springfield Armory M-21 sniper Springfield Armory M1A Smith & Wesson M&P 15 Sterling Mk 1 Sterling Mk 6/7 Steyr AUG TNW M230 FAMAS F11 Uzi 9mm carbine/rifle (ii) A semiautomatic rifle that has an overall length of less than 30 inches;
3 SSB 5099 (iii) A conversion kit, part, or combination of parts, from which an assault weapon can be assembled or from which a firearm can be converted into an assault weapon if those parts are in the possession or under the control of the same person;
3 SB 5099 (iii) A conversion kit, part, or combination of parts, from which an assault weapon can be assembled or from which a firearm can be converted into an assault weapon if those parts are in the possession or under the control of the same person;
4 SSB 5099 (B) A grip that is independent or detached from the stock that protrudes conspicuously beneath the action of the weapon.
4 SB 5099 (B) A grip that is independent or detached from the stock that protrudes conspicuously beneath the action of the weapon.
5 SSB 5099 criminal conspiracy to commit a class A felony, manslaughter in the first degree, manslaughter in the second degree, indecent liberties if committed by forcible compulsion, kidnapping in the second degree, arson in the second degree, assault in the second degree, assault of a child in the second degree, extortion in the first degree, burglary in the second degree, residential burglary, and robbery in the second degree;
5 SB 5099 criminal conspiracy to commit a class A felony, manslaughter in the first degree, manslaughter in the second degree, indecent liberties if committed by forcible compulsion, kidnapping in the second degree, arson in the second degree, assault in the second degree, assault of a child in the second degree, extortion in the first degree, burglary in the second degree, residential burglary, and robbery in the second degree;
6 SSB 5099 (13) "Family or household member" has the same meaning as in RCW 7.105.010.
6 SB 5099 (13) "Family or household member" has the same meaning as in RCW 7.105.010.
7 SSB 5099 explosives or other reliable evidence to the contrary, to be a frame or receiver.
7 SB 5099 explosives or other reliable evidence to the contrary, to be a frame or receiver.
8 SSB 5099 (28) "Licensed collector" means a person who is federally licensed under 18 U.S.C.
8 SB 5099 (28) "Licensed collector" means a person who is federally licensed under 18 U.S.C.
9 SSB 5099 (36) "Pistol" means any firearm with a barrel less than 16 inches in length, or is designed to be held and fired by the use of a single hand.
9 SB 5099 (36) "Pistol" means any firearm with a barrel less than 16 inches in length, or is designed to be held and fired by the use of a single hand.
10 SSB 5099 (i) Drive-by shooting;
10 SB 5099 (i) Drive-by shooting;
11 SSB 5099 including, but not limited to, gifts and loans.
11 SB 5099 including, but not limited to, gifts and loans.
12 SSB 5099 (51) "Unlicensed person" means any person who is not a licensed dealer under this chapter.
12 SB 5099 (51) "Unlicensed person" means any person who is not a licensed dealer under this chapter.
13 SSB 5099 (2)(a) Washington state patrol shall grant licenses ((in forms prescribed by the director of licensing)) completed in accordance with (b) of this subsection unless the applicant does not meet the eligibility requirements described in subsection (3) of this section or the applicant has made a false statement on the application.
13 SB 5099 (2)(a) Washington state patrol shall grant licenses ((in forms prescribed by the director of licensing)) completed in accordance with (b) of this subsection unless the applicant does not meet the eligibility requirements described in subsection (3) of this section or the applicant has made a false statement on the application.
(c) Washington state patrol shall create and publish to its public website a firearm dealer's license application checklist outlining each required element of a complete firearm dealer's license application.
(c) Washington state patrol shall conduct an on-site inspection of 10 percent of state license holders' places of business annually to ensure dealers are complying with the requirements to hold a state license.
(d) Washington state patrol shall conduct an on-site inspection of 10 percent of state license holders' places of business annually p.
(d) In addition to the inspection required under (c) of this subsection, Washington state patrol may conduct reasonable periodic p.
14 SSB 5099 to ensure dealers are complying with the requirements to hold a state license.
14 SB 5099 unannounced inspections of a state license holder's place of business during the dealer's regular posted business hours to ensure that the state license holder is complying with the license requirements.
(e) In addition to the inspection required under (d) of this subsection, Washington state patrol may conduct reasonable periodic unannounced inspections of a state license holder's place of business during the dealer's regular posted business hours to ensure that the state license holder is complying with the license requirements.
(e) No later than December 1, 2026, and no later than December 1st of each year thereafter, Washington state patrol shall submit a report to the legislature about firearm dealer licensing in the prior state fiscal year.
(f) No later than December 1, 2026, and no later than December 1st of each year thereafter, Washington state patrol shall submit a report to the legislature about firearm dealer licensing in the prior state fiscal year.
In addition, p.
In addition, no person ineligible to possess a firearm under RCW 9.41.040 or ineligible for a concealed pistol license under RCW 9.41.070 shall qualify for a dealer's license.
15 SSB 5099 no person ineligible to possess a firearm under RCW 9.41.040 or ineligible for a concealed pistol license under RCW 9.41.070 shall qualify for a dealer's license.
p.
(((b))) (c) No person shall qualify for a license under this section who has had a permit or license to sell, lease, transfer, purchase, or possess a firearm or ammunition from the federal government, any state, or a subdivision of any state revoked, suspended, or denied for reasons other than filing an incomplete or incorrect application within five years before submitting an application.
15 SB 5099 (((b))) (c) No person shall qualify for a license under this section who has had a permit or license to sell, lease, transfer, purchase, or possess a firearm or ammunition from the federal government, any state, or a subdivision of any state revoked, suspended, or denied for reasons other than filing an incomplete or incorrect application within five years before submitting an application.
p.
(c) A dealer who submits a timely and sufficient renewal application may continue to engage in the business of dealing in firearms pursuant to state law until Washington state patrol has acted upon the annual certification.
16 SSB 5099 (c) A dealer who submits a timely and sufficient renewal application may continue to engage in the business of dealing in firearms pursuant to state law until Washington state patrol has acted upon the annual certification.
For the purposes of this p.
For the purposes of this subsection, an annual certification is sufficient if it includes on its face information necessary to show that the applicant is eligible for state license renewal.
16 SB 5099 subsection, an annual certification is sufficient if it includes on its face information necessary to show that the applicant is eligible for state license renewal.
p.
(A) ((Bars)) Metal bars or grates;
17 SSB 5099 (A) ((Bars)) Metal bars or grates;
(A) Properly installed and maintained in good condition;
p.
17 SB 5099 (A) Properly installed and maintained in good condition;
p.
(iii) The areas recorded shall include, but are not limited to, all of the following:
18 SSB 5099 (iii) The areas recorded shall include, but are not limited to, all of the following:
and (C) All points of sale, sufficient to identify the parties involved in the transaction;
and p.
18 SB 5099 (C) All points of sale, sufficient to identify the parties involved in the transaction;
(ii) A dealer may allow access to the system or release recordings to any person in response to an insurance claim, as needed for an active police investigation, or as part of the civil discovery process including, but not limited to, in response to subpoenas, request for production or inspection, or other court order.
(ii) A dealer may allow access to the system or release recordings to any person in response to an insurance claim or as part of the civil discovery process including, but not limited to, as needed for an active police investigation, in response to subpoenas, request for production or inspection, or other court order.
(c) The dealer shall post a sign in a conspicuous place at each entrance to the premises that states in block letters not less than p.
(c) The dealer shall post a sign in a conspicuous place at each entrance to the premises that states in block letters not less than one inch in height:
19 SSB 5099 one inch in height:
YOUR IMAGE AND CONVERSATIONS MAY BE RECORDED." (d) This section does not preclude any local authority or local governing body from adopting or enforcing local laws or policies regarding video surveillance that do not contradict or conflict with the requirements of this section.
YOUR IMAGE AND CONVERSATIONS MAY BE RECORDED." (d) This section does not preclude any local authority or local governing body from adopting or enforcing local laws or policies p.
Show all 67 changed rows (27 more)
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19 SB 5099 regarding video surveillance that do not contradict or conflict with the requirements of this section.
(e) Retain all bureau of alcohol, tobacco, firearms and explosives form 4473 transaction records on the dealer's business premises in a secure container designed to prevent loss by fire, theft, or flood;
20 SSB 5099 (e) Retain all bureau of alcohol, tobacco, firearms and explosives form 4473 transaction records on the dealer's business premises in a secure container designed to prevent loss by fire, theft, or flood;
20 SB 5099 (f) Maintain for six years copies of trace requests received, including notations for trace requests received by phone for six years;
(f) Maintain for six years copies of trace requests received, including notations for trace requests received by phone for six years;
p.
(c) ((The license fee for pistols shall be one hundred twenty- five dollars.
21 SSB 5099 (c) ((The license fee for pistols shall be one hundred twenty- five dollars.
Any dealer who obtains any license under subsection (1), (2), or (3) of this section may also obtain the remaining licenses without payment of any fee.
Any dealer who obtains any license under subsection (1), (2), or (3) of this section may also p.
21 SB 5099 obtain the remaining licenses without payment of any fee.
p.
(ii) A dealer whose state license is revoked pursuant to (c)(i) or (ii) of this subsection may apply for a new license no sooner than five years after the revocation.
22 SSB 5099 (ii) A dealer whose state license is revoked pursuant to (c)(i) or (ii) of this subsection may apply for a new license no sooner than five years after the revocation.
(i) Unreasonably refuses to allow Washington state patrol to conduct an on-site inspection pursuant to subsection (2)(d) and (e) of this section;
p.
22 SB 5099 (i) Unreasonably refuses to allow Washington state patrol to conduct an on-site inspection pursuant to subsection (2)(c) and (d) of this section;
(16)(a) A true record shall be made of every pistol or semiautomatic assault rifle sold, in a book kept for the purpose, the form of which may be prescribed by the director of licensing and shall be personally signed by the purchaser and by the person effecting the sale, each in the presence of the other, and shall contain the date of sale, the caliber, make, model and manufacturer's number of the weapon, the name, address, occupation, and place of birth of the purchaser, and a statement signed by the purchaser that p.
(16)(a) A true record shall be made of every pistol or semiautomatic assault rifle sold, in a book kept for the purpose, the form of which may be prescribed by the director of licensing and shall be personally signed by the purchaser and by the person effecting the sale, each in the presence of the other, and shall contain the date of sale, the caliber, make, model and manufacturer's number of the weapon, the name, address, occupation, and place of birth of the purchaser, and a statement signed by the purchaser that he or she is not ineligible under state or federal law to possess a firearm.
23 SSB 5099 he or she is not ineligible under state or federal law to possess a firearm.
The Washington state patrol firearms background check program shall transmit the application information for pistol and semiautomatic assault rifle transfer applications to the director of licensing daily.
The p.
23 SB 5099 Washington state patrol firearms background check program shall transmit the application information for pistol and semiautomatic assault rifle transfer applications to the director of licensing daily.
p.
(b) A dealer shall, within 30 days of the effective date of this section and annually thereafter, complete a training course developed or approved by Washington state patrol pursuant to this subsection.
24 SSB 5099 (b) Once Washington state patrol has developed the training or approved training courses provided by other entities, Washington state patrol shall post and maintain a notification to the Washington state patrol public website informing state license holders and the public that such training is available.
(c) An employee, volunteer, or contractor of a state license holder who, in the course of the employee's, volunteer's, or contractor's duties, handles a firearm or ammunition or processes the p.
(c) A dealer shall, within 90 days of Washington state patrol posting notification to its public website that the required training is available and annually thereafter, complete a training course developed or approved by Washington state patrol pursuant to this subsection.
24 SB 5099 sale, loan, or transfer of firearms or ammunition shall, within 30 days after the employee's, volunteer's, or contractor's first day of work for the state license holder and annually thereafter, complete a training course approved by Washington state patrol pursuant to this subsection.
(d) An employee, volunteer, or contractor of a state license holder who, in the course of the employee's, volunteer's, or contractor's duties, handles a firearm or ammunition or processes the sale, loan, or transfer of firearms or ammunition shall, within 30 days after the employee's, volunteer's, or contractor's first day of work for the state license holder and annually thereafter, complete a training course approved by Washington state patrol pursuant to this subsection.
An employee, volunteer, or contractor of a state license holder on the effective date of this section shall complete the training course no later than 30 days after the effective date of this section unless granted an extension by Washington state patrol.
An employee, volunteer, or contractor of a state license holder on the effective date of this section shall complete the training course no later than 90 days of Washington state patrol posting notification to its public website that the required training is available unless granted an extension by Washington state patrol.
(d) A state license holder shall maintain the training records of each employee, volunteer, or contractor and shall make the records available to Washington state patrol during an on-site inspection of the state license holder's place of business.
(e) A state license holder shall maintain the training records of each employee, volunteer, or contractor and shall make the records available to Washington state patrol during an on-site inspection of the state license holder's place of business.
The department shall provide a single application form for dealer's licenses and a single p.
The department shall provide a single application form for dealer's licenses and a single license form which shall indicate the type or types of licenses granted.
25 SSB 5099 license form which shall indicate the type or types of licenses granted.
In addition, Washington state patrol shall report any violation of RCW 9.41.110 by a licensed dealer to the bureau of alcohol, tobacco, firearms, and explosives within the United States department of justice and shall have the authority, after notice and a hearing, to revoke the license of any licensed dealer found to be in violation of this chapter.
In addition, Washington state patrol shall report any violation of p.
25 SB 5099 RCW 9.41.110 by a licensed dealer to the bureau of alcohol, tobacco, firearms, and explosives within the United States department of justice and shall have the authority, after notice and a hearing, to revoke the license of any licensed dealer found to be in violation of this chapter.
26 SSB 5099
26 SB 5099
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Action History

  1. By resolution, reintroduced and retained in present status.

  2. Referred to Ways & Means.

  3. Minority; do not pass.

  4. And refer to Ways & Means.

  5. LAW - Majority; 1st substitute bill be substituted, do pass.

  6. Executive action taken in the Senate Committee on Law & Justice at 10:30 AM.

  7. Public hearing in the Senate Committee on Law & Justice at 8:00 AM.

  8. First reading, referred to Law & Justice.

  9. Prefiled for introduction.

Sponsors

Sponsorship breakdown

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1 sponsors · 13 co-sponsors · 137 not signed on

Sponsors (1)

Co-sponsors (13)

Not signed on (137)

137 members have not signed on to this bill.

Show all 137 →

"Not signed on" means a member has not sponsored or co-sponsored this bill — it does not imply opposition. Members flagged Voted No have a recorded No vote on this bill.

Whip count is in markup. Polling the chamber and every recorded vote this session. Only the first open is slow. It’s instant for you after this. Calling the roll · Tallying · Engrossing

Subjects

public-safety civil-rights
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Frequently asked questions

Who sponsors SB 5099?
SB 5099 is sponsored by Claire Wilson (Democrat), Derek Stanford (Democrat), Vandana Slatter (Democrat), Jesse Salomon (Democrat), Rebecca Saldaña (Democrat), T'wina Nobles (Democrat), Marko Liias (Democrat), Noel Frame (Democrat), Manka Dhingra (Democrat), Steve Conway (Democrat), Jamie Pedersen (Democrat), John Lovick (Democrat), Adrian Cortes (Democrat), and Javier Valdez (Democrat).
What is the current status of SB 5099?
This bill has passed the Senate. Introduced December 20, 2024. It now moves to the second chamber.
Where can I track SB 5099?
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