United States 119th Congress Status: Passed House Bipartisan · 3 D · 2 R cosponsors

HR 1998 — Sanction Sea Pirates Act of 2025

Last action — Received in the Senate and Read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

  1. ✓
    Introduced
  2. ✓
    In Committee
  3. 3
    Passed House
  4. 4
    Passed Senate
  5. 5
    To Executive
  6. 6
    Enacted

This bill has passed the House. Introduced March 10, 2025. It now moves to the second chamber.

Next likely step: consideration and a floor vote in the Senate.

Odds of enactment

High chance

Based on the sponsor, cosponsors, and committee posture, this bill has a high chance of becoming law.

Upgrade to see the exact probability and what's driving it.

A statistical estimate from our own model of past outcomes — an insight, not a guarantee. Policymaking is volatile.

Prognosis

Likely to advance 72% · high confidence

  • Passed House

    Current position in the legislative process.

  • 5 sponsors

    1 primary, 4 co-sponsors signed on.

  • Bipartisan support

    Sponsored across 2 parties (3 D · 2 R) — cross-party backing.

  • Cleared a recorded vote

    Passed 1 recorded vote so far.

Based on stage, sponsorship breadth, committee status, recorded votes, and cross-state momentum — a description of the observable signals, not a prediction.

Summary

Sanction Sea Pirates Act of 2025This bill requires the President to impose visa- and property-blocking sanctions on any foreign person (individual or entity) that the President determines knowingly engages in piracy. The bill also applies civil and criminal penalties to persons that violate, attempt to violate, conspire to violate, or cause a violation of the regulations promulgated to carry out such sanctions.

Bill Text

What changed in the latest version

5 added · 1 removed

Plain-language change summary

The text indicates that H.R. 1998 was received in the Senate and read twice before being referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations. Additionally, the reference to "Engrossed in House (EH)" has been removed from the document. This change reflects the bill's progression from the House to the Senate stage of the legislative process.

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Latest
1998 Engrossed in House (EH)] <DOC> 119th CONGRESS 1st Session H.
1998 Referred in Senate (RFS)] <DOC> 119th CONGRESS 1st Session H.
1998 _______________________________________________________________________ AN ACT To require the imposition of sanctions with respect to foreign persons engaged in piracy, and for other purposes.
1998 _______________________________________________________________________ IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES June 24, 2025 Received;
read twice and referred to theCommittee on Foreign Relations _______________________________________________________________________ AN ACT To require the imposition of sanctions with respect to foreign persons engaged in piracy, and for other purposes.
Clerk.
KEVIN F.
119th CONGRESS 1st Session H.
MCCUMBER, Clerk.
R.
1998 _______________________________________________________________________ AN ACT To require the imposition of sanctions with respect to foreign persons engaged in piracy, and for other purposes.
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Action History

  1. Introduced in House

  2. Introduced in House

  3. Referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and in addition to the Committee on the Judiciary, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.

  4. Referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and in addition to the Committee on the Judiciary, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.

  5. Committee Consideration and Mark-up Session Held

  6. Ordered to be Reported in the Nature of a Substitute by Voice Vote.

  7. Mr. Burchett moved to suspend the rules and pass the bill, as amended.

  8. Considered under suspension of the rules. (consideration: CR H2845-2846, H2877-2878)

  9. DEBATE - The House proceeded with forty minutes of debate on H.R. 1998.

  10. At the conclusion of debate, the Yeas and Nays were demanded and ordered. Pursuant to the provisions of clause 8, rule XX, the Chair announced that further proceedings on the motion would be postponed.

  11. Passed/agreed to in House: On motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill, as amended Agreed to by the Yeas and Nays: (2/3 required): 392 - 14 (Roll no. 172). (text: CR H2845-2846)

  12. On motion to suspend the rules and pass the bill, as amended Agreed to by the Yeas and Nays: (2/3 required): 392 - 14 (Roll no. 172). (text: CR H2845-2846)

  13. Motion to reconsider laid on the table Agreed to without objection.

  14. Received in the Senate and Read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

Sponsors

Sponsorship breakdown

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1 sponsors · 4 co-sponsors · 542 not signed on · 9 voted No

Sponsors (1)

Co-sponsors (4)

Not signed on (542)

542 members have not signed on to this bill.

Show all 542 →

"Not signed on" means a member has not sponsored or co-sponsored this bill — it does not imply opposition. Members flagged Voted No have a recorded No vote on this bill.

Whip count is in markup. Polling the chamber and every recorded vote this session. Only the first open is slow. It’s instant for you after this. Calling the roll · Tallying · Engrossing

Votes

On Motion to Suspend the Rules and Pass, as Amended

Passed 392 Yea · 14 Nay · 25 Other
Party YeaNayPresentNot Voting
Unaffiliated 1365012
Republican 131304
Democratic 124609
Independent 1000
Total 39214025
% of votes cast 91%3%0%6%
How each member voted (431)
Member Party Vote
Adams — Yea
Alford — Yea
Allen — Yea
Arrington — Yea
Auchincloss — Yea
Bacon — Yea
Baird — Yea
Barr — Not Voting
Barrett — Yea
Beatty — Not Voting
Begich — Yea
Bell — Yea
Bilirakis — Yea
Bishop — Yea
Brown — Yea
Buchanan — Not Voting
Burlison — Yea
Bynum — Yea
Calvert — Yea
Carey — Yea
Carson — Yea
Case — Yea
Cline — Yea
Cohen — Yea
Cole — Yea
Collins — Yea
Comer — Yea
Conaway — Yea
Courtney — Yea
Craig — Yea
Crane — Nay
Crawford — Yea
Crenshaw — Yea
Crockett — Yea
Crow — Yea
Davidson — Not Voting
Dexter — Yea
Diaz-Balart — Yea
Dingell — Yea
Downing — Yea
Edwards — Yea
Ellzey — Yea
Fallon — Yea
Fields — Yea
Fine — Yea
Fitzgerald — Yea
Fitzpatrick — Yea
Fletcher — Yea
Flood — Yea
Fong — Yea
Foster — Yea
Frost — Yea
Fry — Yea
Gillen — Yea
Gonzalez, V. — Not Voting
Graves — Yea
Gray — Yea
Green (TN) — Yea
Greene (GA) — Nay
Griffith — Yea
Guthrie — Yea
Hayes — Yea
Himes — Yea
Hinson — Yea
Horsford — Yea
Hudson — Yea
Huffman — Yea
Hunt — Not Voting
Jack — Yea
Jacobs — Yea
James — Not Voting
Jeffries — Yea
Jordan — Yea
Kean — Yea
Keating — Yea
Kim — Yea
Knott — Yea
LaHood — Yea
Latimer — Yea
Latta — Yea
Lawler — Yea
Leger Fernandez — Yea
Levin — Yea
Lucas — Yea
Luna — Yea
Luttrell — Yea
Lynch — Yea
Mace — Yea
Mann — Yea
Matsui — Yea
McBride — Yea
McClain Delaney — Yea
McClellan — Yea
McClintock — Yea
McCollum — Yea
McCormick — Yea
McDonald Rivet — Yea
McDowell — Yea
McGarvey — Yea
McGovern — Yea
McGuire — Yea
Meeks — Yea
Menendez — Yea
Mills — Yea
Moran — Yea
Morrison — Yea
Moulton — Yea
Mullin — Yea
Murphy — Yea
Neal — Yea
Norcross — Yea
Norman — Yea
Owens — Yea
Palmer — Yea
Panetta — Yea
Pappas — Yea
Perry — Nay
Peters — Yea
Pou — Yea
Quigley — Yea
Randall — Yea
Rose — Yea
Ross — Yea
Roy — Nay
Rutherford — Yea
Ryan — Yea
Salazar — Not Voting
Scanlon — Yea
Schmidt — Yea
Schneider — Yea
Sessions — Yea
Sewell — Not Voting
Sherman — Yea
Sherrill — Not Voting
Shreve — Yea
Simon — Nay
Simpson — Yea
Stanton — Not Voting
Stevens — Yea
Strickland — Yea
Strong — Yea
Sykes — Yea
Taylor — Yea
Tenney — Yea
Titus — Not Voting
Underwood — Yea
Van Drew — Yea
Van Duyne — Yea
Van Orden — Yea
Wagner — Yea
Wasserman Schultz — Yea
Waters — Yea
Watson Coleman — Yea
Aguilar, Pete Democratic Yea
Amo, Gabe Democratic Yea
Ansari, Yassamin Democratic Yea
Balint, Becca Democratic Yea
Barragán, Nanette Diaz Democratic Yea
Bera, Ami Democratic Not Voting
Beyer, Donald S. Democratic Yea
Bonamici, Suzanne Democratic Yea
Boyle, Brendan F. Democratic Not Voting
Brownley, Julia Democratic Not Voting
Budzinski, Nikki Democratic Yea
Carbajal, Salud O. Democratic Yea
Carter, Troy A. Democratic Yea
Casar, Greg Democratic Nay
Casten, Sean Democratic Yea
Castor, Kathy Democratic Yea
Castro, Joaquin Democratic Yea
Cherfilus-McCormick, Sheila Democratic Yea
Chu, Judy Democratic Yea
Cisneros, Gilbert Ray Democratic Yea
Clark, Katherine M. Democratic Yea
Clarke, Yvette D. Democratic Yea
Cleaver, Emanuel Democratic Yea
Clyburn, James E. Democratic Yea
Correa, J. Luis Democratic Yea
Costa, Jim Democratic Yea
Cuellar, Henry Democratic Yea
Davids, Sharice Democratic Yea
Davis, Danny K. Democratic Yea
Davis, Donald G. Democratic Yea
DeGette, Diana Democratic Yea
DeLauro, Rosa L. Democratic Yea
DeSaulnier, Mark Democratic Yea
Dean, Madeleine Democratic Yea
DelBene, Suzan K. Democratic Yea
Deluzio, Christopher R. Democratic Yea
Doggett, Lloyd Democratic Yea
Elfreth, Sarah Democratic Yea
Escobar, Veronica Democratic Yea
Espaillat, Adriano Democratic Yea
Evans, Dwight Democratic Not Voting
Figures, Shomari Democratic Yea
Foushee, Valerie P. Democratic Yea
Frankel, Lois Democratic Not Voting
Friedman, Laura Democratic Yea
Garamendi, John Democratic Yea
Garcia, Robert Democratic Yea
Garcia, Sylvia R. Democratic Yea
García, Jesús G. "Chuy" Democratic Nay
Golden, Jared F. Democratic Yea
Goldman, Daniel S. Democratic Not Voting
Gomez, Jimmy Democratic Yea
Goodlander, Maggie Democratic Yea
Gottheimer, Josh Democratic Yea
Green, Al Democratic Yea
Harder, Josh Democratic Yea
Houlahan, Chrissy Democratic Yea
Hoyer, Steny H. Democratic Yea
Hoyle, Val T. Democratic Yea
Ivey, Glenn Democratic Yea
Jackson, Jonathan L. Democratic Yea
Jayapal, Pramila Democratic Yea
Johnson, Henry C. "Hank" Democratic Yea
Johnson, Julie Democratic Yea
Kamlager-Dove, Sydney Democratic Yea
Kaptur, Marcy Democratic Not Voting
Kelly, Robin L. Democratic Yea
Kennedy, Timothy M. Democratic Yea
Khanna, Ro Democratic Yea
Krishnamoorthi, Raja Democratic Yea
Landsman, Greg Democratic Yea
Larsen, Rick Democratic Yea
Larson, John B. Democratic Yea
Lee, Summer L. Democratic Nay
Lee, Susie Democratic Yea
Liccardo, Sam T. Democratic Yea
Lieu, Ted Democratic Yea
Lofgren, Zoe Democratic Yea
Magaziner, Seth Democratic Yea
Mannion, John W. Democratic Yea
McBath, Lucy Democratic Yea
McIver, LaMonica Democratic Yea
Meng, Grace Democratic Yea
Mfume, Kweisi Democratic Yea
Min, Dave Democratic Yea
Moore, Gwen Democratic Yea
Morelle, Joseph D. Democratic Yea
Moskowitz, Jared Democratic Yea
Mrvan, Frank J. Democratic Yea
Nadler, Jerrold Democratic Not Voting
Neguse, Joe Democratic Yea
Ocasio-Cortez, Alexandria Democratic Yea
Olszewski, Johnny Democratic Yea
Omar, Ilhan Democratic Nay
Pallone, Frank Democratic Yea
Pelosi, Nancy Democratic Yea
Perez, Marie Gluesenkamp Democratic Yea
Pettersen, Brittany Democratic Yea
Pingree, Chellie Democratic Yea
Pocan, Mark Democratic Yea
Pressley, Ayanna Democratic Yea
Ramirez, Delia C. Democratic Nay
Raskin, Jamie Democratic Yea
Riley, Josh Democratic Yea
Rivas, Luz M. Democratic Yea
Ruiz, Raul Democratic Yea
Salinas, Andrea Democratic Yea
Schakowsky, Janice D. Democratic Yea
Scholten, Hillary J. Democratic Yea
Schrier, Kim Democratic Yea
Scott, David Democratic Yea
Scott, Robert C. "Bobby" Democratic Yea
Smith, Adam Democratic Yea
Sorensen, Eric Democratic Yea
Soto, Darren Democratic Yea
Stansbury, Melanie A. Democratic Yea
Subramanyam, Suhas Democratic Yea
Suozzi, Thomas R. Democratic Yea
Swalwell, Eric Democratic Yea
Sánchez, Linda T. Democratic Yea
Takano, Mark Democratic Yea
Thanedar, Shri Democratic Yea
Thompson, Bennie G. Democratic Yea
Thompson, Mike Democratic Yea
Tlaib, Rashida Democratic Nay
Tokuda, Jill N. Democratic Yea
Tonko, Paul Democratic Yea
Torres, Norma J. Democratic Yea
Torres, Ritchie Democratic Yea
Trahan, Lori Democratic Yea
Tran, Derek Democratic Yea
Vargas, Juan Democratic Yea
Vasquez, Gabe Democratic Yea
Veasey, Marc A. Democratic Yea
Velázquez, Nydia M. Democratic Yea
Vindman, Eugene Simon Democratic Yea
Whitesides, George Democratic Yea
Williams, Nikema Democratic Yea
Wilson, Frederica S. Democratic Not Voting
Kiley, Kevin Independent Yea
Aderholt, Robert B. Republican Yea
Amodei, Mark E. Republican Yea
Babin, Brian Republican Yea
Balderson, Troy Republican Yea
Baumgartner, Michael Republican Yea
Bean, Aaron Republican Yea
Bentz, Cliff Republican Yea
Bergman, Jack Republican Yea
Bice, Stephanie I. Republican Yea
Biggs, Andy Republican Nay
Biggs, Sheri Republican Yea
Boebert, Lauren Republican Yea
Bost, Mike Republican Yea
Brecheen, Josh Republican Not Voting
Bresnahan, Robert P. Republican Yea
Burchett, Tim Republican Yea
Cammack, Kat Republican Yea
Carter, Earl L. "Buddy" Republican Yea
Carter, John R. Republican Yea
Ciscomani, Juan Republican Yea
Cloud, Michael Republican Yea
Clyde, Andrew S. Republican Yea
Crank, Jeff Republican Yea
Cruz, Ted Republican Yea
DesJarlais, Scott Republican Yea
Donalds, Byron Republican Yea
Dunn, Neal P. Republican Yea
Emmer, Tom Republican Yea
Estes, Ron Republican Yea
Evans, Gabe Republican Yea
Ezell, Mike Republican Yea
Fedorchak, Julie Republican Yea
Feenstra, Randy Republican Yea
Finstad, Brad Republican Yea
Fischbach, Michelle Republican Yea
Fleischmann, Charles J. "Chuck" Republican Yea
Foxx, Virginia Republican Yea
Franklin, Scott Republican Yea
Fulcher, Russ Republican Yea
Garbarino, Andrew R. Republican Yea
Gill, Brandon Republican Yea
Gimenez, Carlos A. Republican Yea
Goldman, Craig A. Republican Yea
Gonzales, Tony Republican Yea
Gooden, Lance Republican Yea
Gosar, Paul A. Republican Yea
Grothman, Glenn Republican Yea
Guest, Michael Republican Yea
Hageman, Harriet M. Republican Nay
Hamadeh, Abraham J. Republican Yea
Haridopolos, Mike Republican Yea
Harrigan, Pat Republican Yea
Harris, Andy Republican Yea
Harris, Mark Republican Yea
Harshbarger, Diana Republican Yea
Hern, Kevin Republican Yea
Higgins, Clay Republican Yea
Hill, J. French Republican Yea
Houchin, Erin Republican Yea
Huizenga, Bill Republican Yea
Hurd, Jeff Republican Yea
Issa, Darrell Republican Yea
Jackson, Ronny Republican Yea
Johnson, Dusty Republican Yea
Joyce, David P. Republican Yea
Joyce, John Republican Yea
Kelly, Mike Republican Yea
Kelly, Trent Republican Yea
Kennedy, Mike Republican Yea
Kiggans, Jennifer A. Republican Yea
Kustoff, David Republican Yea
LaLota, Nick Republican Yea
LaMalfa, Doug Republican Yea
Langworthy, Nicholas A. Republican Yea
Lee, Laurel M. Republican Yea
Letlow, Julia Republican Yea
Loudermilk, Barry Republican Yea
Mackenzie, Ryan Republican Yea
Malliotakis, Nicole Republican Yea
Maloy, Celeste Republican Yea
Massie, Thomas Republican Nay
Mast, Brian J. Republican Yea
McCaul, Michael T. Republican Yea
McClain, Lisa C. Republican Yea
Messmer, Mark B. Republican Yea
Meuser, Daniel Republican Yea
Miller, Carol D. Republican Yea
Miller, Mary E. Republican Yea
Miller, Max L. Republican Yea
Miller-Meeks, Mariannette Republican Not Voting
Moolenaar, John R. Republican Yea
Moore, Barry Republican Yea
Moore, Blake D. Republican Yea
Moore, Riley M. Republican Yea
Moore, Tim Republican Yea
Nehls, Troy E. Republican Yea
Newhouse, Dan Republican Yea
Nunn, Zachary Republican Yea
Obernolte, Jay Republican Yea
Ogles, Andrew Republican Yea
Onder, Robert F. Republican Yea
Patronis, Jimmy Republican Yea
Pfluger, August Republican Yea
Reschenthaler, Guy Republican Yea
Rogers, Harold Republican Yea
Rogers, Mike D. Republican Not Voting
Rouzer, David Republican Yea
Rulli, Michael A. Republican Yea
Scalise, Steve Republican Yea
Schweikert, David Republican Yea
Scott, Austin Republican Yea
Self, Keith Republican Yea
Smith, Adrian Republican Yea
Smith, Christopher H. Republican Yea
Smith, Jason Republican Yea
Smucker, Lloyd Republican Yea
Spartz, Victoria Republican Yea
Stauber, Pete Republican Yea
Stefanik, Elise M. Republican Yea
Steil, Bryan Republican Yea
Steube, W. Gregory Republican Yea
Stutzman, Marlin A. Republican Yea
Thompson, Glenn Republican Yea
Tiffany, Thomas P. Republican Yea
Timmons, William R. Republican Yea
Turner, Michael R. Republican Yea
Valadao, David G. Republican Yea
Walberg, Tim Republican Yea
Weber, Randy K. Sr. Republican Yea
Webster, Daniel Republican Yea
Westerman, Bruce Republican Yea
Wied, Tony Republican Yea
Williams, Roger Republican Yea
Wilson, Joe Republican Not Voting
Wittman, Robert J. Republican Yea
Womack, Steve Republican Yea
Yakym, Rudy Republican Yea
Zinke, Ryan K. Republican Yea

Subjects

public-safety immigration transportation
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Frequently asked questions

What does HR 1998 do?
Sanction Sea Pirates Act of 2025This bill requires the President to impose visa- and property-blocking sanctions on any foreign person (individual or entity) that the President determines knowingly engages in piracy. The bill also applies civil and criminal penalties to persons that violate, attempt to violate, conspire to violate, or cause a violation of the regulations promulgated to carry out such sanctions.
Who sponsors HR 1998?
HR 1998 is sponsored by Sherman, Brad (Democratic), Lawler, Michael (Republican), Costa, Jim (Democratic), Kim, Young (Republican), and Jackson, Jonathan L. (Democratic).
What is the current status of HR 1998?
This bill has passed the House. Introduced March 10, 2025. It now moves to the second chamber.
Where can I track HR 1998?
Track HR 1998 free on One Click Politics — get push/email alerts when it moves.

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