United States Code

29 U.S.C. § 164

Construction of provisions

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Bills that would change it 50

HR 5267 American Franchise Act Amends its part · introduced · 119th Congress
S 3525 American Franchise Act Amends its part · introduced · 119th Congress
S 3111 Small Businesses before Bureaucrats Act Amends 164(c) · introduced · 119th Congress
S 2729 Nationwide Right To Unionize Act Repeals · introduced · 119th Congress
HR 5159 Nationwide Right to Unionize Act Repeals · introduced · 119th Congress
S 2568 Protecting American Jobs Act Amends its part · introduced · 119th Congress
S 2469 College Athlete Right to Organize Act Amends 164(c)(1) · introduced · 119th Congress
HR 4693 College Athlete Right to Organize Act Amends 164(c)(1) · introduced · 119th Congress
HR 20 Richard L. Trumka Protecting the Right to Organize Act of 2025 Amends 164(b) · introduced · 119th Congress
S 852 Richard L. Trumka Protecting the Right to Organize Act of 2025 Amends 164(b) · introduced · 119th Congress
S 533 National Right-to-Work Act Amends its part · introduced · 119th Congress
HR 3400 Small Businesses before Bureaucrats Act Amends 164(c) · introduced · 118th Congress
HR 6616 College Athlete Right to Organize Act Amends 164(c)(1) · introduced · 118th Congress
S 3415 College Athlete Right to Organize Act Amends 164(c)(1) · introduced · 118th Congress
HR 5351 Nationwide Right to Unionize Act Repeals · introduced · 118th Congress
S 2724 Nationwide Right To Unionize Act Repeals · introduced · 118th Congress
S 567 Richard L. Trumka Protecting the Right to Organize Act of 2023 Amends 164(b) · introduced · 118th Congress
HR 3833 National Labor Relations Board Reform Act Amends its part · introduced · 118th Congress
S 991 National Labor Relations Board Reform Act Amends its part · introduced · 118th Congress
S 532 National Right-to-Work Act Amends its part · introduced · 118th Congress
HR 20 Richard L. Trumka Protecting the Right to Organize Act of 2023 Amends 164(b) · introduced · 118th Congress
HR 7194 Employee Rights Act Amends its part · introduced · 117th Congress
HR 8793 Nationwide Right to Unionize Act Repeals · introduced · 117th Congress
S 4803 Nationwide Right To Unionize Act Repeals · introduced · 117th Congress
S 420 Protecting the Right to Organize Act of 2021 Amends 164(b) · introduced · 117th Congress
HR 7743 Small Businesses before Bureaucrats Act Amends 164(c) · introduced · 117th Congress
S 3889 Employee Rights Act Amends its part · introduced · 117th Congress
S 3464 National Right-to-Work Act Amends its part · introduced · 117th Congress
HR 3895 College Athlete Right to Organize Act Amends 164(c)(1) · introduced · 117th Congress
S 1929 College Athlete Right To Organize Act Amends 164(c)(1) · introduced · 117th Congress
S 882 Protecting American Jobs Act Amends its part · introduced · 117th Congress
HR 2063 Protecting American Jobs Act Amends its part · introduced · 117th Congress
HR 842 Protecting the Right to Organize Act of 2021 Amends 164(b) · introduced · 117th Congress
S 406 National Right-to-Work Act Amends its part · introduced · 117th Congress
HR 2474 Protecting the Right to Organize Act of 2019 Amends 164(b) · introduced · 116th Congress
S 3255 Nationwide Right To Unionize Act Repeals · introduced · 116th Congress
HR 5712 Nationwide Right to Unionize Act Repeals · introduced · 116th Congress
S 2709 Protecting American Jobs Act Amends its part · introduced · 116th Congress
S 1306 Protecting the Right to Organize Act of 2019 Amends 164(b) · introduced · 116th Congress
S 525 National Right-to-Work Act Amends its part · introduced · 116th Congress
S 2810 Workplace Democracy Act Repeals · introduced · 115th Congress
HR 5728 Workplace Democracy Act Repeals · introduced · 115th Congress
HR 4548 WAGE Act Amends its part · introduced · 115th Congress
HR 3827 Protecting Workers and Improving Labor Standards Act Repeals · introduced · 115th Congress
S 1838 Protecting Workers and Improving Labor Standards Act Repeals · introduced · 115th Congress
S 1594 Protecting American Jobs Act Amends its part · introduced · 115th Congress
HR 3056 Freedom from Union Stalking Act Amends its part · introduced · 115th Congress
HR 3055 Freedom from Union Identity Theft Act Amends its part · introduced · 115th Congress
HR 1722 Protecting American Jobs Act Amends its part · introduced · 115th Congress
S 545 National Right-to-Work Act Amends its part · introduced · 115th Congress

The law today

From the official United States Code, current through Public Law 119-121.

(a) Supervisors as union members Nothing herein shall prohibit any individual employed as a supervisor from becoming or remaining a member of a labor organization, but no employer subject to this subchapter shall be compelled to deem individuals defined herein as supervisors as employees for the purpose of any law, either national or local, relating to collective bargaining. (b) Agreements requiring union membership in violation of State law Nothing in this subchapter shall be construed as authorizing the execution or application of agreements requiring membership in a labor organization as a condition of employment in any State or Territory in which such execution or application is prohibited by State or Territorial law. (c) Power of Board to decline jurisdiction of labor disputes; assertion of jurisdiction by State and Territorial courts (1) The Board, in its discretion, may, by rule of decision or by published rules adopted pursuant to subchapter II of chapter 5 of title 5, decline to assert jurisdiction over any labor dispute involving any class or category of employers, where, in the opinion of the Board, the effect of such labor dispute on commerce is not sufficiently substantial to warrant the exercise of its jurisdiction: Provided, That the Board shall not decline to assert jurisdiction over any labor dispute over which it would assert jurisdiction under the standards prevailing upon August 1, 1959. (2) Nothing in this subchapter shall be deemed to prevent or bar any agency or the courts of any State or Territory (including the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Virgin Islands), from assuming and asserting jurisdiction over labor disputes over which the Board declines, pursuant to paragraph (1) of this subsection, to assert jurisdiction.

Official text at uscode.house.gov ↗