Washington 2025-2026 Regular Session Status: Passed Senate Bipartisan · 9 D · 4 R cosponsors

SB 5601 — Advancing the production and use of alternative jet fuels in Washington.

Last action — By resolution, reintroduced and retained in present status.

  1. ✓
    Introduced
  2. ✓
    In Committee
  3. 3
    Passed Senate
  4. 4
    Passed House
  5. 5
    To Executive
  6. 6
    Enacted

This bill has passed the Senate. Introduced January 30, 2025. It now moves to the second chamber.

Next likely step: consideration and a floor vote in the House.

Odds of enactment

Moderate chance

Based on the sponsor, cosponsors, and committee posture, this bill has a moderate chance of becoming law.

Upgrade to see the exact probability and what's driving it.

A statistical estimate from our own model of past outcomes — an insight, not a guarantee. Policymaking is volatile.

Prognosis

Advancing 54% · moderate confidence

  • Passed Senate

    Current position in the legislative process.

  • 13 sponsors

    1 primary, 12 co-sponsors signed on.

  • Bipartisan support

    Sponsored across 2 parties (9 D · 4 R) — cross-party backing.

Based on stage, sponsorship breadth, committee status, recorded votes, and cross-state momentum — a description of the observable signals, not a prediction.

Bill Text

What changed in the latest version

421 added · 442 removed

Plain-language change summary

The updated version of SB 5601 now includes a requirement for the Department of Ecology to prepare nonproject environmental impact statements for clean energy projects and colocated battery storage. Additionally, the bill mandates that the department reports annually to the governor and relevant legislative committees on funding and project status starting December 1, 2026. This change is important because it aims to streamline the permitting process for clean energy initiatives while ensuring environmental impacts are assessed and monitored, fostering accountability and transparency in the development of these projects.

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S-1535.1 SUBSTITUTE SENATE BILL 5601 State of Washington 69th Legislature 2025 Regular Session By Senate Environment, Energy & Technology (originally sponsored by Senators Liias, Stanford, Lovick, Salomon, Goehner, Muzzall, Wagoner, Christian, Lovelett, Nobles, Saldaña, Shewmake, and Slatter) READ FIRST TIME 02/18/25.
S-0688.2 SENATE BILL 5601 State of Washington 69th Legislature 2025 Regular Session By Senators Liias, Stanford, Lovick, Salomon, Goehner, Muzzall, Wagoner, Christian, Lovelett, Nobles, Saldaña, Shewmake, and Slatter Read first time 01/30/25.
Referred to Committee on Environment, Energy & Technology.
providing an effective date;
1 SSB 5601 assessment of adequacy of feedstock supply and in-state feedstock, renewable fuels, and alternative jet fuels production;
1 SB 5601 assessment of adequacy of feedstock supply and in-state feedstock, renewable fuels, and alternative jet fuels production;
2 SSB 5601 electrolytic hydrogen in state operations, including motor vehicle fleets, the state ferry system, and nonroad equipment.
2 SB 5601 electrolytic hydrogen in state operations, including motor vehicle fleets, the state ferry system, and nonroad equipment.
(e) To the extent practicable, the department must support grant recipients of grants awarded through the grant program established in this subsection (5) with their efforts siting projects and related planning in ways that may support the siting and permitting process.
(e) To the extent practicable, the department must support grant recipients with continued work on responsible streamlining of the permitting process.
(6)(a) By June 1, 2026, and in accordance with this section, the department must submit a report to the governor and appropriate committees of the legislature on the availability and adequacy of feedstock supply and in-state feedstock for alternative jet fuels and renewable fuels production, including availability of biomethane.
The report must identify, at a minimum:
(i) The availability of biomethane as a feedstock for alternative jet fuel within Washington state, including whether biomethane p.
3 SSB 5601 availability is sufficient to support the alternative jet fuel production volume identified in RCW 70A.535.150;
(ii) The effect on biomethane availability if biomethane eligibility is limited to transport on pipelines that flow toward fuel production facilities in Washington state at least 50 percent of the time;
and (iii) Alternative approaches to incentivize biomethane production in Washington state and ensure the state benefits from such production.
(b) In developing the report required in (a) of this subsection, the department must consult with:
(i) The department of ecology and provide key findings to the department of ecology to help inform future rule making as required under chapter 70A.535 RCW;
and (ii) The alternative jet fuels work group established in RCW 28B.30.646.
(7) For the purposes of this section, "alternative jet fuel" has the same meaning as provided in RCW 70A.535.010.
(1) The department of ecology shall prepare nonproject environmental impact statements, pursuant to RCW 43.21C.030, that assess and disclose the probable significant adverse environmental impacts, and that identify related mitigation measures, for each of the following categories of clean energy projects, and colocated battery energy storage projects that may be included in such projects:
(1) The department of ecology shall prepare nonproject environmental impact statements, pursuant to RCW 43.21C.030, that assess and disclose the probable significant adverse environmental impacts, and that identify related mitigation measures, for each of the following categories of clean energy projects, and colocated p.
3 SB 5601 battery energy storage projects that may be included in such projects:
The nonproject p.
The nonproject review is not required to evaluate geographic areas that lack the characteristics necessary for the applicable clean energy project type.
4 SSB 5601 review is not required to evaluate geographic areas that lack the characteristics necessary for the applicable clean energy project type.
These include measures to mitigate probable significant adverse environmental impacts to elements of the environment as defined in WAC 197-11-444 as it existed as of January 1, 2023, tribal rights, interests, and resources, including tribal cultural resources, as identified in RCW 70A.65.305, and overburdened communities as defined in RCW 70A.02.010.
These include measures to mitigate probable significant adverse environmental impacts to elements of the environment as defined in WAC 197-11-444 as it existed as of January 1, 2023, tribal rights, interests, and resources, including tribal cultural resources, as p.
4 SB 5601 identified in RCW 70A.65.305, and overburdened communities as defined in RCW 70A.02.010.
(4) In defining the scope of nonproject review of clean energy projects, the department of ecology shall request input from agencies, federally recognized Indian tribes, industry, stakeholders, local governments, and the public to identify the geographic areas suitable for the applicable clean energy project type, based on the climatic and geophysical attributes conducive to or required for p.
(4) In defining the scope of nonproject review of clean energy projects, the department of ecology shall request input from agencies, federally recognized Indian tribes, industry, stakeholders, local governments, and the public to identify the geographic areas suitable for the applicable clean energy project type, based on the climatic and geophysical attributes conducive to or required for project development.
5 SSB 5601 project development.
(7) Following the completion of a nonproject review subject to this section, the interagency clean energy siting coordinating council created in RCW 43.394.010 must consider the findings and make recommendations to the legislature and governor on potential areas to designate as clean energy preferred zones for the clean energy project technology analyzed, and any taxation, regulatory, environmental review, or other benefits that should accrue to projects in such designated preferred zones.
(7) Following the completion of a nonproject review subject to this section, the interagency clean energy siting coordinating p.
5 SB 5601 council created in RCW 43.394.010 must consider the findings and make recommendations to the legislature and governor on potential areas to designate as clean energy preferred zones for the clean energy project technology analyzed, and any taxation, regulatory, environmental review, or other benefits that should accrue to projects in such designated preferred zones.
(9)(a) Subject to the availability of amounts appropriated for this specific purpose, the department of ecology must explore the development of one or more nonproject environmental impact statements for alternative jet fuel production pathways, which may include blending and distribution infrastructure.
(9) Subject to the availability of amounts appropriated for this specific purpose, the department of ecology must explore the development of one or more nonproject environmental impact statements for alternative jet fuel production pathways in accordance with those developed for other clean energy projects in this section.
p.
For the purposes of this subsection, "alternative jet fuel" has the same meaning as provided in RCW 70A.535.010.
6 SSB 5601 (b) A nonproject environmental impact statement developed under this subsection (9) must:
(i) Only be developed for alternative jet fuel production pathways producing alternative jet fuel that has at least 50 percent less carbon dioxide equivalent emissions than conventional petroleum jet fuel;
and (ii) Be consistent with those developed for other clean energy projects in this section.
(c) By June 30, 2027, and in compliance with RCW 43.01.036, the department of ecology must submit a report to the governor and appropriate committees of the legislature with an update on any nonproject environmental impact statements developed for alternative jet fuel production pathways in accordance with this subsection (9).
(d) For the purposes of this subsection, "alternative jet fuel" has the same meaning as provided in RCW 70A.535.010.
(1) The department must not adopt, by rule, restrictions relating to pipeline flow or geographic origin of biomethane claimed as a feedstock to produce alternative jet fuel.
(1) By January 1, 2026, and in compliance with RCW 43.01.036, the department must submit a report to the governor and appropriate committees of the legislature on the availability of biomethane.
(2) Any rules the department adopts relating to the limitation of the crediting periods for the voluntary capture of methane associated with biomethane claimed as a feedstock to produce alternative jet fuel must be consistent with rules adopted by the California air resources board relating to avoided methane crediting periods.
The report must identify, at a minimum:
(a) The availability of biomethane as a feedstock for alternative jet fuel within Washington state, including whether biomethane availability is sufficient to support the alternative jet fuel production volume identified in RCW 70A.535.150;
(b) The effect on biomethane availability if biomethane eligibility is limited to transport on pipelines that flow toward fuel production facilities in Washington state at least 50 percent of the time;
(c) Alternative approaches to incentivize biomethane production in Washington state and ensure the state benefits from such production;
and (d) The credit prices and crediting periods required, under this chapter and rules adopted by the department, to incentivize the capture of fugitive methane to produce biomethane.
(2) In developing the report required in subsection (1) of this section, the department must consult with the alternative jet fuels work group established in RCW 28B.30.646.
Show all 80 changed rows (40 more)
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p.
6 SB 5601 (3) The department must not adopt, by rule, restrictions relating to pipeline flow or geographic origin of biomethane claimed as a feedstock to produce alternative jet fuel prior to the completion of the report in subsection (1) of this section.
(4) The department must not limit the crediting periods, under this chapter and rules adopted by the department, to less than 20 years for the voluntary capture of methane associated with biomethane claimed as a feedstock to produce alternative jet fuel prior to the completion of the report in subsection (1) of this section.
p.
(b) Facilities to produce clean fuels, subject to the limitations in subsection (((8))) (9)(d) of this section, renewable hydrogen, green electrolytic hydrogen, ((or)) green hydrogen carriers, or alternative jet fuels;
7 SSB 5601 (b) Facilities to produce clean fuels, subject to the limitations in subsection (((8))) (9)(d) of this section, renewable hydrogen, green electrolytic hydrogen, ((or)) green hydrogen carriers, or alternative jet fuels;
(i) Construction of the qualified building, if the underlying ownership of the building vests exclusively with the person receiving the economic benefit of the deferral;
p.
7 SB 5601 (i) Construction of the qualified building, if the underlying ownership of the building vests exclusively with the person receiving the economic benefit of the deferral;
p.
(((8))) (9) "Manufacturing operation" means manufacturing tangible personal property exclusively incorporated as an ingredient or component of or used in the generation of:
8 SSB 5601 (((8))) (9) "Manufacturing operation" means manufacturing tangible personal property exclusively incorporated as an ingredient or component of or used in the generation of:
(ii) For the purposes of this subsection (9), "fueling infrastructure" means facilities or equipment used to store, handle, blend, load, unload, transport, deliver, or distribute neat or blended alternative jet fuel to facilitate end-use in an aircraft.
p.
8 SB 5601 (ii) For the purposes of this subsection (9), "fueling infrastructure" means facilities or equipment used to store, handle, blend, load, unload, transport, deliver, or distribute neat or blended alternative jet fuel to facilitate end-use in an aircraft.
p.
(((11))) (12) "Person" has the same meaning as in RCW 82.04.030.
9 SSB 5601 (((11))) (12) "Person" has the same meaning as in RCW 82.04.030.
molds, tools, and dies;
molds, tools, and p.
9 SB 5601 dies;
(1)(a) Beginning July 1, 2029, all buildings, machinery, equipment, and other personal property used primarily for the manufacturing or blending of alternative jet fuel, the land upon which the property is located, and land that is reasonably necessary in the manufacturing or blending of alternative jet fuel, but not the land necessary for producing feedstocks, which together comprise a new manufacturing or blending facility or an addition to an existing p.
(1)(a) All leasehold interests in buildings, machinery, equipment, and other personal property used primarily for the manufacturing or blending of alternative jet fuel, the land upon which the property is located, and land that is reasonably necessary in the manufacturing or blending of alternative jet fuel, but not the land necessary for producing feedstocks, which together comprise a new manufacturing or blending facility or an addition to an existing manufacturing or blending facility, are exempt from state property taxation.
10 SSB 5601 manufacturing or blending facility, are exempt from state property taxation.
Once filed, the exemption is valid for 10 assessment years following the date on which the facility or the addition to the existing facility becomes operationally complete and may not be renewed.
Once filed, the exemption is valid for p.
10 SB 5601 10 assessment years following the date on which the facility or the addition to the existing facility becomes operationally complete and may not be renewed.
No claims may be filed after December 31, 2034.
No claims may be filed after December 31, 2030.
(7) This section expires December 31, 2047.
(7) This section expires December 31, 2043.
p.
NEW SECTION.
11 SSB 5601 NEW SECTION.
(1)(a) Beginning July 1, 2029, all leasehold interests in buildings, machinery, equipment, and other personal property used primarily for the manufacturing or blending of alternative jet fuel, the land upon which the property is located, and land that is reasonably necessary in the manufacturing or blending of alternative jet fuel, but not the land necessary for producing feedstocks, which together comprise a new manufacturing or blending facility or an addition to an existing manufacturing or blending facility, are exempt from state leasehold taxes.
(1)(a) All leasehold interests in buildings, machinery, equipment, and other personal property used primarily for the manufacturing or blending of alternative jet fuel, the land upon which the property is located, and land that is reasonably necessary in the manufacturing or blending of alternative jet fuel, but not the land necessary for producing feedstocks, which together comprise a new manufacturing or blending facility or an addition to an existing manufacturing or blending facility, are exempt from state leasehold taxes.
(2)(a) The exemption under this section applies to facilities manufacturing or blending alternative jet fuel that has at least 50 percent less carbon dioxide equivalent emissions than conventional petroleum jet fuel.
p.
11 SB 5601 (2)(a) The exemption under this section applies to facilities manufacturing or blending alternative jet fuel that has at least 50 percent less carbon dioxide equivalent emissions than conventional petroleum jet fuel.
No claims may be filed after December 31, 2034.
No claims may be filed after December 31, 2030.
p.
(6) For the purposes of this section, the following definitions apply:
12 SSB 5601 (6) For the purposes of this section, the following definitions apply:
(7) This section expires December 31, 2047.
(7) This section expires December 31, 2043.
(1) This section is the tax preference performance statement for the tax preferences contained in sections 4 through 6, chapter .
(1) This section is the tax preference performance statement for the tax preferences contained in sections 3 through 5, chapter .
It is not intended to create a private right of action by any party or to be used to determine eligibility for preferential tax treatment.
It is not intended to p.
12 SB 5601 create a private right of action by any party or to be used to determine eligibility for preferential tax treatment.
(5) The review conducted by the joint legislative audit and review committee must include a racial equity analysis on air travel- related pollution in communities near an international airport owned p.
(5) The review conducted by the joint legislative audit and review committee must include a racial equity analysis on air travel- related pollution in communities near an international airport owned by a port district in a county with a population greater than 1,500,000.
13 SSB 5601 by a port district in a county with a population greater than 1,500,000.
NEW SECTION.
Sec.
8.
Section 4 of this act takes effect July 1, 2029.
14 SSB 5601
13 SB 5601
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Action History

  1. By resolution, reintroduced and retained in present status.

  2. Executive session scheduled, but no action was taken in the Senate Committee on Ways & Means at 1:30 PM.

  3. Public hearing in the Senate Committee on Ways & Means at 1:30 PM.

  4. Referred to Ways & Means.

  5. And refer to Ways & Means.

  6. Minority; without recommendation.

  7. ENET - Majority; 1st substitute bill be substituted, do pass.

  8. Executive action taken in the Senate Committee on Environment, Energy & Technology at 10:30 AM.

  9. Public hearing in the Senate Committee on Environment, Energy & Technology at 8:00 AM.

  10. First reading, referred to Environment, Energy & Technology.

Sponsors

Sponsorship breakdown

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1 sponsors · 12 co-sponsors · 138 not signed on

Sponsors (1)

Co-sponsors (12)

Not signed on (138)

138 members have not signed on to this bill.

Show all 138 →

"Not signed on" means a member has not sponsored or co-sponsored this bill — it does not imply opposition. Members flagged Voted No have a recorded No vote on this bill.

Whip count is in markup. Polling the chamber and every recorded vote this session. Only the first open is slow. It’s instant for you after this. Calling the roll · Tallying · Engrossing

Subjects

environment transportation energy
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Frequently asked questions

Who sponsors SB 5601?
SB 5601 is sponsored by Vandana Slatter (Democrat), Sharon Shewmake (Democrat), Rebecca Saldaña (Democrat), T'wina Nobles (Democrat), Liz Lovelett (Democrat), Leonard Christian (Republican), Keith Wagoner (Republican), Ron Muzzall (Republican), Keith Goehner (Republican), Jesse Salomon (Democrat), John Lovick (Democrat), Derek Stanford (Democrat), and Marko Liias (Democrat).
What is the current status of SB 5601?
This bill has passed the Senate. Introduced January 30, 2025. It now moves to the second chamber.
Where can I track SB 5601?
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