An act relating to miscellaneous agricultural subjects
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H 484 — An act relating to miscellaneous agricultural subjects
Last action — House message: Governor approved bill on June 11, 2025
No card. One bill, free forever — alerts when it moves.
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✓Introduced
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✓In Committee
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✓Passed House
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✓Passed Senate
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✓To Executive
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6Enacted
This bill has been enacted into law. Introduced March 18, 2025. Enacted.
Signed by Governor Phil Scott (Republican) on June 11, 2025.
Prognosis
Where this bill stands today.
Odds of enactment
HighHow often bills like it became law.
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Enacted
Current position in the legislative process.
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1 sponsor
1 primary, 0 co-sponsors signed on.
Prognosis reads this bill's own signals — stage, sponsorship breadth, committee status, recorded votes and cross-state momentum. Odds come from a model trained on which bills have become law.
Bill Text
What changed in the latest version
539 added · 549 removedPlain-language change summary
The amended version of Bill H. 484 clarifies the definitions surrounding various agricultural substances. Specifically, it introduces the term "beneficial substances" to include any compounds shown to be helpful to plants or soil, excluding fertilizers and pesticides. These changes are important because they establish uniform regulations that can promote the effective use of these substances, ultimately supporting agricultural practices. This consistency can help farmers make informed decisions about what to use for enhancing soil and plant health.
BILL AS PASSED BY THE HOUSE H.484 Page 1 of 2425 H.484 AnIntroduced act relating to miscellaneous agricultural subjects It is hereby enacted by theCommittee Generalon AssemblyAgriculture, ofFood theResiliency, Stateand ofForestry Vermont:Date:
Subject:
Agriculture;
fertilizer;
beneficial substances;
miscellaneous subjects Statement of purpose of bill as introduced:
This bill proposes to amend the State statutes on the use of plant amendments, plant biostimulants, and soil amendments to be consistent with the uniform standards for regulation of beneficial substances.
The bill would define “beneficial substances” to mean any substance or compound, other than primary, secondary, and micro plant nutrients (fertilizers), and excluding pesticides, that can be demonstrated by scientific research to be beneficial to one or more species of plants, soil, or media.
An act relating to miscellaneous agricultural subjects It is hereby enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Vermont:
TITLE BILL AS PASSED BY THE HOUSE H.484 Page 2 of 25 This chapter shall be known as the “Fertilizer, Lime, Plant Amendment, Plant Biostimulant, and Soil Amendment and Beneficial Substances Law.” § 362.
VT LEG #382117 v.1 AS PASSED BY HOUSE H.484 Page 2 of 24 (B) Limestone consisting essentially of calcium carbonate or a combination of calcium carbonate with magnesium carbonate capable of neutralizing soil acidity.
BILL AS PASSED BY THE HOUSE H.484 Page 3 of 25 (2) “Beneficial substance” means any substance or compound, other than primary, secondary, and micro plant nutrients (fertilizers), and excluding pesticides, that can be demonstrated by scientific research to be beneficial to one or more species of plants, soil, or media.
(3)(4) “Distribute” means to import, consign, manufacture, produce, compound, mix, blend, offer for sale, sell, barter, or supply a fertilizer, a plant VT LEG #382117 v.1 AS PASSED BY HOUSE H.484 Page 3 of 24 amendment, a plant biostimulant, a soil amendment a beneficial substance, or lime in this State through any means, including sales outlets, catalogues, the telephone, the internet, or any electronic means.
BILL AS PASSED BY THE HOUSE H.484 Page 4 of 25 (A) a pathogen reduction process established in 40 C.F.R.
§§ 503.32(a)(3), 503.32(a)(3), (4), (7), or (8);
VT LEG #382117 v.1 AS PASSED BY HOUSE H.484 Page 4 of 24 (A) A fertilizer material is a substance that either:
or (iii) is derived from a plant or chemical residue or by-product or natural material deposit that has been processed in such a way that its content BILL AS PASSED BY THE HOUSE H.484 Page 5 of 25 of plant nutrients has not been materially changed except by purification and concentration.
VT LEG #382117 v.1 AS PASSED BY HOUSE H.484 Page 5 of 24 (9)(10) “Guaranteed analysis” means:
and (B) in reference to agricultural lime or agricultural liming material, the minimum percentages of calcium oxide and magnesium oxide or calcium BILL AS PASSED BY THE HOUSE H.484 Page 6 of 25 carbonate and the calcium carbonate equivalent, or both, as claimed by the manufacturer or producer of the product.
VT LEG #382117 v.1 AS PASSED BY HOUSE H.484 Page 6 of 24 (13)(14) “Plant amendment” means any substance applied to plants or seeds that is intended to improve growth, yield, product quality, reproduction, flavor, or other favorable characteristics of plants, except for fertilizer, soil amendments, agricultural liming materials, animal and vegetable manures, pesticides, plant regulators, and other materials exempted by rule adopted under this chapter.
BILL AS PASSED BY THE HOUSE H.484 Page 7 of 25 (14)(15) “Plant biostimulant” means a substance or, microorganism, or mixtures thereof that, when applied to seeds, plants, or the rhizosphere, stimulates soil, or other growth media act to support a plant’s natural nutrition processes to enhance or benefit nutrient uptake, nutrient efficiency, tolerance to abiotic stress, or crop quality and yield, except for fertilizers, soil amendments, plant amendments, or pesticides independently of the biostimulant’s nutrient content.
VT LEG #382117 v.1 AS PASSED BY HOUSE H.484 Page 7 of 24 (15)(17) “Percent” or “percentage” means the percentage by weight.
BILL AS PASSED BY THE HOUSE H.484 Page 8 of 25 (18)(20) “Registrant” means the person who registers a fertilizer, plant amendment, plant biostimulant, soil amendment beneficial substance, or lime under the provisions of this chapter.
VT LEG #382117 v.1 AS PASSED BY HOUSE H.484 Page 8 of 24 (22) “Soil inoculant” means a microbial product that is applied to colonize the soil to benefit the soil chemistry, biology, or structure.
BILL AS PASSED BY THE HOUSE H.484 Page 9 of 25 (22)(25) “Weight” means the weight of undried material as offered for sale.
VT LEG #382117 v.1 AS PASSED BY HOUSE H.484 Page 9 of 24 (b) A distributor shall not be required to register any fertilizer, plant amendment, plant biostimulant, or soil amendment or beneficial substance that is already registered under this chapter by another person, provided there is no change in the label for the fertilizer, plant amendment, plant biostimulant, or soil amendment or beneficial substance.
BILL AS PASSED BY THE HOUSE H.484 Page 10 of 25 (c) Each beneficial substance brand shall refer to a specific formulation.
VT LEG #382117 v.1 AS PASSED BY HOUSE H.484 Page 10 of 24 (f)(g) The registration and tonnage fees, along with any deficiency penalties collected pursuant to sections 331 and 372 of this title, shall be deposited in a special fund.
BILL AS PASSED BY THE HOUSE H.484 Page 11 of 25 § 365.
VT LEG #382117 v.1 AS PASSED BY HOUSE H.484 Page 11 of 24 (c) If the Secretary finds that a requirement for expressing calcium and magnesium in elemental form would not impose an economic hardship on distributors and users of agricultural liming materials by reason of conflicting label requirements among states, the Secretary may require by rule that the minimum percent of calcium oxide and magnesium oxide or calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate, or both, shall be expressed in the following terms:
BILL AS PASSED BY THE HOUSE H.484 Page 12 of 25 Total Calcium (Ca) .........................................
VT LEG #382117 v.1 AS PASSED BY HOUSE H.484 Page 12 of 24 CONTAINS BENEFICIAL SUBSTANCE(S) Name of beneficial substance % (or acceptable units) Genus and species of microorganism % viable CFU/cm3, /ml, /g, or other acceptable units BILL AS PASSED BY THE HOUSE H.484 Page 13 of 25 (Identify and list all beneficial substances.
VT LEG #382117 v.1 AS PASSED BY HOUSE H.484 Page 13 of 24 § 366.
and BILL AS PASSED BY THE HOUSE H.484 Page 14 of 25 (3) $30.00 per ton of nonagricultural fertilizer distributed.
(d) Persons distributing a plant amendment, plant biostimulant, or soil amendment beneficial substance in the State shall report annually on or before January 15 for the previous year ending December 31 to the Secretary revealing the amounts of each formulation of plant amendment, plant biostimulant, or soil amendment beneficial substance and the form in which VT LEG #382117 v.1 AS PASSED BY HOUSE H.484 Page 14 of 24 the plant amendment, plant biostimulant, or soil amendment beneficial substance was distributed within this State.
BILL AS PASSED BY THE HOUSE H.484 Page 15 of 25 (e) Agricultural limes, including agricultural lime mixed with wood ash, are exempt from the tonnage fees required in this section.
ANALYSIS For the purpose of enforcing this chapter and determining whether or not fertilizers, plant amendment, plant biostimulant, soil amendments beneficial substances, and lime distributed in this State endanger the health and safety of VT LEG #382117 v.1 AS PASSED BY HOUSE H.484 Page 15 of 24 Vermont citizens, the Secretary upon presenting appropriate credentials is authorized:
(1) To enter any public or private premises except domiciles during regular business hours and stop and enter any vehicle being used to transport BILL AS PASSED BY THE HOUSE H.484 Page 16 of 25 or hold fertilizer, a plant amendment, a plant biostimulant, a soil amendment beneficial substances, or lime.
In addition, the Secretary may develop and adopt rules for the proper storage of fertilizers, VT LEG #382117 v.1 AS PASSED BY HOUSE H.484 Page 16 of 24 plant amendments, plant biostimulants, soil amendments beneficial substances, and lime held for distribution or sale.
BILL AS PASSED BY THE HOUSE H.484 Page 17 of 25 § 368.
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or VT LEG #382117 v.1 AS PASSED BY HOUSE H.484 Page 17 of 24 (2) it is not labeled as required by section 365 of this title and in accordance with rules adopted under this chapter.
BILL AS PASSED BY THE HOUSE H.484 Page 18 of 25 § 369.
or (4) it contains heavy metals, radioactive substances, or synthetic organics in amounts sufficient to render it injurious to livestock or human health when applied in accordance with directions for use on the label, or if VT LEG #382117 v.1 AS PASSED BY HOUSE H.484 Page 18 of 24 adequate warning statements or directions for use that may be necessary to protect livestock or human health are not shown on the label.
BILL AS PASSED BY THE HOUSE H.484 Page 19 of 25 § 370.
VT LEG #382117 v.1 AS PASSED BY HOUSE H.484 Page 19 of 24 (B) an explanation of the extent to which phosphorus exists naturally in the soil;
BILL AS PASSED BY THE HOUSE H.484 Page 20 of 25 (C) voluntary best management practices for the use of fertilizers containing phosphorus on nonagricultural turf;
* * * VT LEG #382117 v.1 AS PASSED BY HOUSE H.484 Page 20 of 24 § 374.
SHORT WEIGHT (a) If any fertilizer, plant amendment, plant biostimulant, soil amendment beneficial substance, or agricultural liming material is found to be short in net BILL AS PASSED BY THE HOUSE H.484 Page 21 of 25 weight, the registrant of the fertilizer, plant amendment, plant biostimulant, soil amendment beneficial substance, or lime shall pay a penalty of three times the value of the actual shortage to the affected party.
CANCELLATION OF REGISTRATION The Secretary is authorized to cancel or suspend the registration of any fertilizer, plant amendment, plant biostimulant, soil amendment beneficial substance, or lime or refuse a registration application if the provisions of this chapter or the rules adopted under this chapter have been violated, provided VT LEG #382117 v.1 AS PASSED BY HOUSE H.484 Page 21 of 24 that no registration shall be revoked or refused without a hearing before the Secretary.
BILL AS PASSED BY THE HOUSE H.484 Page 22 of 25 § 376.
Any lot of fertilizer, plant amendment, plant biostimulant, soil amendment beneficial substance, or lime not in compliance with this chapter and rules shall be subject to seizure on complaint of the Secretary to a court of competent jurisdiction in the area in VT LEG #382117 v.1 AS PASSED BY HOUSE H.484 Page 22 of 24 which the fertilizer, plant amendment, plant biostimulant, soil amendment beneficial substance, or lime is located.
In the event the court finds the BILL AS PASSED BY THE HOUSE H.484 Page 23 of 25 fertilizer, plant amendment, plant biostimulant, soil amendment beneficial substance, or lime to be in violation of this chapter and orders the condemnation of the fertilizer, plant amendment, plant biostimulant, soil amendment beneficial substance, or lime, it shall be disposed of in any manner consistent with the quality of the fertilizer, plant amendment, plant biostimulant, soil amendment beneficial substance, or lime and the laws of the State, provided that in no instance shall disposition of the fertilizer, plant amendment, plant biostimulant, soil amendment beneficial substance, or lime be ordered by the court without first giving the claimant an opportunity to apply to the court for release of the fertilizer, plant amendment, plant biostimulant, soil amendment beneficial substance, or lime or for permission to process or relabel the fertilizer, plant amendment, plant biostimulant, soil amendment beneficial substance, or lime to bring it into compliance with this chapter.
EXCHANGES BETWEEN MANUFACTURERS Nothing in this chapter shall be construed to restrict or impair sales or exchanges of fertilizers, plant amendments, plant biostimulants, or soil amendments or beneficial substances to each other by importers, VT LEG #382117 v.1 AS PASSED BY HOUSE H.484 Page 23 of 24 manufacturers, or manipulators who mix fertilizer materials, plant amendments, plant biostimulants, or soil amendments or beneficial substances BILL AS PASSED BY THE HOUSE H.484 Page 24 of 25 for sale or to prevent the free and unrestricted shipments of fertilizer, plant amendments, plant biostimulant, or soil amendments or beneficial substances to manufacturers or manipulators who have registered their brands as required by provisions of this chapter.
VT LEG #382117 v.1 AS PASSED BY HOUSE H.484 Page 24 of 24 (3)(5) failed to report or to accurately report the amount and form of each grade of fertilizer distributed in Vermont on an annual basis;
BILL AS PASSED BY THE HOUSE H.484 Page 25 of 25 (4)(6) failed to report or to accurately report the amount and form of each formulation of plant amendment, plant biostimulant, or soil amendment beneficial substance;
VT LEG #382117 v.1
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View plain text versions (7)
- As Passed By the House (OfficialOpens in a new window) View text pdf
- As Passed By the House (UnofficialOpens in a new window) View text pdf
- As Passed by Both House and Senate (OfficialOpens in a new window) View text pdf
- As Passed by Both House and Senate (UnofficialOpens in a new window) View text pdf
- As EnactedOpens in a new window View text pdf
- Act SummaryOpens in a new window View text Current pdf
- Introduced As IntroducedOpens in a new window pdf
Amendments
2 amendments- Senate Proposal of Amendment (OfficialOpens in a new window) Show changes
- Senate Proposal of Amendment (UnofficialOpens in a new window) Show changes
Click Show changes on an amendment above to see how it modifies the bill.
Action History
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House message: Governor approved bill on June 11, 2025
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Signed by Governor on June 11, 2025
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Delivered to the Governor on June 5, 2025
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Senate Message: House proposal of amendment to Senate proposal of amendment concurred in
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Rules suspended & messaged to House forthwith, on motion of Senator Baruth
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House proposal of amendment to Senate proposal of amendment concurred in
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House proposal of amendment to Senate proposal of amendment, text
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Rules suspended & taken up for immediate consideration, on motion of Senator Baruth
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House message: House concurred in Senate proposal of amendment with proposal of amendment
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Rules suspended and bill messaged forthwith to the Senate as moved by Rep. McCoy of Poultney
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Senate proposal of amendment concurred in with further amendment thereto, as offered by Rep. Nelson of Derby
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Action Calendar: Senate Proposal of Amendment
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Notice Calendar: Senate Proposal of Amendment
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Senate Message: Passed in concurrence with proposal of amendment
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Rules suspended & messaged to House forthwith, on motion of Senator Baruth
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Read 3rd time & passed in concurrence with proposal of amendment
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Senator Brennan requested & granted leave to withdraw proposal of amendment
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Proposal of amendment by Senator(s) Brennan; text
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Rules suspended & bill placed on all remaining stages of passage, on motion of Senator Baruth
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3rd reading ordered
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Proposal of amendment by Committee on Agriculture, as amended, agreed to
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Proposal of amendment by Committee on Agriculture amended as moved by Senator(s) Watson
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Proposal of amendment by Committee on Agriculture amended as recommended by Committee on Finance
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Reported favorably by Senator Mattos for Committee on Finance with proposal of amendment
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Read 2nd time, reported favorably with proposal of amendment by Senator Ingalls for Committee on Agriculture
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Favorable report with proposal of amendment by Committee on Finance
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Favorable report with proposal of amendment by Committee on Agriculture
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Second Reading
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Favorable report with proposal of amendment by Committee on Finance
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Favorable report with proposal of amendment by Committee on Agriculture
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Second Reading
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Entered on Notice Calendar
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Referred to Committee on Finance per Senate Rule 31
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Favorable report with proposal of amendment by Committee on Agriculture
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Second Reading
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Entered on Notice Calendar
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Read 1st time & referred to Committee on Agriculture
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Read third time and passed
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Action Calendar: Third Reading
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Third Reading ordered
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Rep. Masland of Thetford recommended for the Committee on Ways and Means
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Rep. Nelson of Derby spoke for the Committee on Agriculture, Food Resiliency, and Forestry
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Read second time
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Action Calendar: Favorable
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Notice Calendar: Favorable
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Committee bill read first time and referred to Committee on Ways and Means per Rule 35(a)
Sponsors
- House Committee on Agriculture, Food Resiliency, and Forestry · Primary
Sponsorship breakdown
Export CSV (upgrade) →1 sponsors · 0 co-sponsors · 189 not signed on
Sponsors (1)
- House Committee on Agriculture, Food Resiliency, and Forestry
Co-sponsors (0)
None.
Not signed on (189)
189 members have not signed on to this bill.
Show all 189 →"Not signed on" means a member has not sponsored or co-sponsored this bill — it does not imply opposition. Members flagged Voted No have a recorded No vote on this bill.
Subjects
Frequently asked questions
- Who sponsors H 484?
- H 484 is sponsored by House Committee on Agriculture, Food Resiliency, and Forestry.
- What is the current status of H 484?
- This bill has been enacted into law. Introduced March 18, 2025. Enacted.
- Where can I track H 484?
- Track H 484 free on One Click Politics — get push/email alerts when it moves.
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