North Carolina 2025 Session Status: In Committee 5 R cosponsors

SB 990 — Students First Act.

Last action — Reptd Fav Com Substitute

  1. ✓
    Introduced
  2. 2
    In Committee
  3. 3
    Passed Senate
  4. 4
    Passed House
  5. 5
    To Executive
  6. 6
    Enacted

This bill is in committee in the Senate. Introduced April 30, 2026. It must pass committee before a floor vote.

Next likely step: a committee vote, then a floor vote in the Senate.

Odds of enactment

Low chance

Based on the sponsor, cosponsors, and committee posture, this bill has a low chance of becoming law.

Upgrade to see the exact probability and what's driving it.

A statistical estimate from our own model of past outcomes — an insight, not a guarantee. Policymaking is volatile.

Prognosis

Stalled 24% · moderate confidence

  • In Committee

    Current position in the legislative process.

  • 5 sponsors

    2 primary, 3 co-sponsors signed on.

  • Single-party support

    Sponsorship is currently within one party (5 R).

Based on stage, sponsorship breadth, committee status, recorded votes, and cross-state momentum — a description of the observable signals, not a prediction.

Bill Text

What changed in the latest version

252 added · 228 removed

Plain-language change summary

The recent changes to Senate Bill 990 involve the removal of specific definitions and requirements related to student personal identifiers and the organization of educational funding. For instance, references to personal identifiers like social security numbers and the procedures for reallocating project-based funding have been taken out. These amendments are important because they simplify the bill and help protect student privacy by reducing the emphasis on identifiable information. Additionally, the changes may streamline funding processes, making it easier for schools to access support for personalized learning initiatives.

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GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF NORTH CAROLINA SESSION 2025 S 2 SENATE BILL 990 Education/Higher Education Committee Substitute Adopted 5/13/26 Short Title:
GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF NORTH CAROLINA SESSION 2025 S 1 SENATE BILL 990 Short Title:
Senators Lee, Galey, and Overcash (Primary Sponsors).
May 4, 2026 A BILL TO BE ENTITLED AN ACT TO ENACT THE PROTECT CAMPUS SURVIVORS ACT AND TO APPROPRIATE FUNDS TO THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA TO SUPPORT PUBLIC EDUCATION.
Rules and Operations of the Senate May 4, 2026 A BILL TO BE ENTITLED AN ACT TO ENACT THE PROTECT CAMPUS SURVIVOR'S ACT AND TO APPROPRIATE FUNDS TO THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA TO SUPPORT PUBLIC EDUCATION.
PROTECT CAMPUS SURVIVORS ACT SECTION 1.(a) Chapter 132 of the General Statutes is amended by adding a new section to read:
PROTECT CAMPUS SURVIVOR'S ACT SECTION 1.(a) G.S.
"§ 132-1.3B.
Records of student disciplinary proceedings held by public institutions of higher education.
(a) Definitions.
– The following definitions apply in this section:
(1) Disciplinary proceeding.
– Any complaint, investigation, adjudication, or resolution of an alleged violation of or noncompliance with any disciplinary or conduct rules or other policies that apply to students adopted by a public institution of higher education.
(2) Personallyidentifiable information.
– As defined in regulations adopted under the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act, 20 U.S.C.
§ 1232g.
(3) Public institution of higher education.
– The University of North Carolina System Office, a constituent institution of The University of North Carolina that is an institution of higher education, the Community Colleges System Office, and a community college.
(b) Confidential Information.
– A public record, as defined by G.S.
132-1, does not include any record of a disciplinary proceeding that reveals personally identifiable information about a student enrolled in a public institution of higher education, even if releasing the record would be permitted by the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act, 20 U.S.C.
§ 1232g.
(c) Exception for General Information.
– This section does not limit the disclosure of a publicrecordthat does not contain personallyidentifiableinformation from astudent disciplinary proceeding, including aggregated data, guidelines, instructions, or summaries." SECTION 1.(b) G.S.
The following are not public records under Chapter 132 of the General Statutes:
(a) Definitions.
(1) Research data, records, or information of a proprietary nature, produced or collected by or for state institutions of higher learning in the conduct of commercial, scientific, or technical research where the data, records, or *S990-v-2* General Assembly Of North Carolina Session 2025 information has not been patented, published, or copyrighted are not public records as defined by G.S.
– The following definitions shall apply in this section:
(1) Personally identifiable information.
– Any of the following information:
a.
The name of a student.
b.
The name of the parent or other family member of a student.
c.
The address of a student or the student's family.
d.
Anypersonal identifier forastudent, includingsocial securitynumber, student number, or biometric record.
e.
Any indirect identifier for a student, including date of birth, place of birth, or mother's maiden name.
f.
Any other information, alone or in combination, that is linked or linkable to a specific student and that would allow a reasonable person in the community of the public institution of higher education where the student attends, who does not have personal knowledge of the relevant circumstances, to identify the student with reasonable certainty.
g.
Any information requested by a person who the public institution of higher education reasonablybelieves knows the identityof the student to whom the information relates.
(2) Personally identifiable student disciplinary records.
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– Any records, including materials that are described in G.S.
132-1(a), that meet all of the following criteria:
a.
Are made, received, or maintained by a public institution of higher education.
b.
Contain personally identifiable information of or about a student.
*S990-v-1* General Assembly Of North Carolina Session 2025 c.
Are related to a complaint, investigation, or resolution of an alleged violation of or noncompliance with the disciplinary or conduct rules or other policy of a public institution of higher education.
(3) Public institution of higher education.
– Any of the following:
a.
The University of North Carolina System Office.
b.
A constituent institution of The University of North Carolina, as defined in G.S.
116-2(4), that is an institution of higher education.
c.
The Community Colleges System Office, as defined in G.S.
115D-3.
d.
A community college, as defined in G.S.
115D-2(2).
(4) Student.
– Any individual (i) who attends or has attended a public institution of higher education and (ii) about whom the public institution of higher education maintains records.
(b) Confidentiality of Certain Records.
– The following are not public records under Chapter 132 of the General Statutes:
(1) Research data, records, or information of a proprietary nature, produced or collected by or for state institutions of higher learning in the conduct of commercial, scientific, or technical research where the data, records, or information has not been patented, published, or copyrighted are not public records as defined by G.S.
(2) Any record of a disciplinary proceeding that reveals personally identifiable information about a student, as provided in G.S.
(2) Personally identifiable student disciplinary records, even if release of the records would be permitted by the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act, 20 U.S.C.
132-1.3B." SECTION 1.(c) G.S.
§ 1232g (34 C.F.R.
Part 99).
Nothing in this subdivision is intended to limit thedisclosureofpublicrecordsthatdonot containpersonally identifiable information." SECTION 1.(b) G.S.
(a1) Any record of a disciplinary proceeding that reveals personally identifiable information about a student is not a public record, as provided in G.S.
(a1) As provided in G.S.
132-1.3B.
116-43.17, personally identifiable student disciplinary records are not public records under Chapter 132 of the General Statutes.
…." SECTION1.(d) Thissectioniseffectivewhenitbecomeslawandapplies torequests for records of a disciplinary proceeding that reveals personally identifiable information about a student submitted on or after that date.
…." SECTION 1.(c) G.S.
132-1.2 reads as rewritten:
"§ 132-1.2.
Confidential information.
Nothing in this Chapter shall be construed to require or authorize a public agency or its subdivision to disclose any information that:
… (12) Reveals personally identifiable student disciplinary records in violation of G.S.
116-43.17." SECTION1.(d) Thissectioniseffectivewhenitbecomeslawandapplies torequests for personally identifiable student disciplinary records submitted on or after that date.
No later than July 15, 2027, the Work Group shall report to the Joint Legislative Education Oversight Committee on a three-year strategy to transition from the current allotment-based funding model to a weighted student funding formula model, including policy, funding, messaging, and technical assistance needed for leaders of local school administrative units and schools within those units.
No later than Page 2 Senate Bill 990-First Edition General Assembly Of North Carolina Session 2025 July 15, 2027, the Work Group shall report to the Joint Legislative Education Oversight Committee on a three-year strategy to transition from the current allotment-based funding model to a weighted student funding formula model, including policy, funding, messaging, and technical assistance needed for leaders of local school administrative units and schools within those units.
Page 2 Senate Bill 990-Second Edition General Assembly Of North Carolina Session 2025 2 PART III.
PART III.
c.
Senate Bill 990-First Edition Page 3 General Assembly Of North Carolina Session 2025 c.
(9) Student-based educational wallet or SBEW.
(9) Student-Based Educational Wallet or SBEW.
– An electronic account provided to a parent for the purpose of holding funds awarded by the Authority for a participating student to engage in eligible activities in accordance with the Pilot.
– An electronic account providedtoaparentforthepurposeofholdingfundsawardedbytheAuthority for a participating student to engage in eligible activities in accordance with the Pilot.
No later than January 1, 2027, the participating public school unit shall provide the Authority with thenameofthehigh school in theunit thatwillbeparticipatingin thePilot andalist of(i)eligible students, (ii) eligible activities, and (iii) approved providers.
No later than January 1, 2027, the participating public school unit shall provide the Authority with thenameofthehigh school in the unit thatwillbeparticipatingin thePilot andalist of(i)eligible students, (ii) eligible activities, and (iii) approved providers.
The participating public Senate Bill 990-Second Edition Page 3 General Assembly Of North Carolina Session 2025 school unit shall enter into a data-sharing agreement with the Authority for the purpose of administering the Pilot and for the protection of student data.
The participating public school unit shall enter into a data sharing agreement with the Authority for the purpose of administering the Pilot and for the protection of student data.
The parent shall not designate any entity or individual to execute the agreement on the parent's behalf.
The parent shall not designate any entity or individual Page 4 Senate Bill 990-First Edition General Assembly Of North Carolina Session 2025 to execute the agreement on the parent's behalf.
Of the funds allocated to the Authorityto award funds under the Pilot, the Authoritymay retain fifty Page 4 Senate Bill 990-Second Edition General Assembly Of North Carolina Session 2025 thousand dollars ($50,000) for administrative costs associated with the Pilot, including contracting with non-State entities for administration of certain components of the Pilot.
Of the funds allocated to the Authorityto award funds under the Pilot, the Authority may retain fifty thousand dollars ($50,000) for administrative costs associated with the Pilot, including contracting with non-State entities for administration of certain components of the Pilot.
(3) All approved providers receiving funds for providing eligible activities under the Pilot and the amount of funding received by each approved provider.
Senate Bill 990-First Edition Page 5 General Assembly Of North Carolina Session 2025 (3) All approved providers receiving funds for providing eligible activities under the Pilot and the amount of funding received by each approved provider.
Senate Bill 990-Second Edition Page 5
Page 6 Senate Bill 990-First Edition
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Action History

  1. Reptd Fav Com Substitute

  2. Com Substitute Adopted

  3. Re-ref Com On Appropriations/Base Budget

  4. Withdrawn From Com

  5. Re-ref to Education/Higher Education. If fav, re-ref to Appropriations/Base Budget

  6. Passed 1st Reading

  7. Ref To Com On Rules and Operations of the Senate

  8. Filed

Sponsors

Sponsorship breakdown

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2 sponsors · 3 co-sponsors · 174 not signed on

Sponsors (2)

Co-sponsors (3)

Not signed on (174)

174 members have not signed on to this bill.

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"Not signed on" means a member has not sponsored or co-sponsored this bill — it does not imply opposition. Members flagged Voted No have a recorded No vote on this bill.

Whip count is in markup. Polling the chamber and every recorded vote this session. Only the first open is slow. It’s instant for you after this. Calling the roll · Tallying · Engrossing

Subjects

education
Cross-referencing the record. Reading this bill against every other bill in the corpus by meaning, not keywords. Only the first open is slow. It’s instant for you after this. Matching · Ranking · Engrossing

Frequently asked questions

Who sponsors SB 990?
SB 990 is sponsored by Norman W. Sanderson (Republican), Timothy D. Moffitt (Republican), Brad Overcash (Republican), Amy S. Galey (Republican), and Michael V. Lee (Republican).
What is the current status of SB 990?
This bill is in committee in the Senate. Introduced April 30, 2026. It must pass committee before a floor vote.
Where can I track SB 990?
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