United States 119th Congress Status: In Committee Bipartisan · 189 R · 1 D cosponsors

HR 38 — Constitutional Concealed Carry Reciprocity Act of 2025

Last action — Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 289.

  1. ✓
    Introduced
  2. 2
    In Committee
  3. 3
    Passed House
  4. 4
    Passed Senate
  5. 5
    To Executive
  6. 6
    Enacted

This bill is in committee in the House. Introduced January 03, 2025. It must pass committee before a floor vote.

Next likely step: a committee vote, then a floor vote in the House.

Prognosis

Advancing 42% · moderate confidence

Where this bill stands today.

Odds of enactment

Low

How often bills like it became law.

  • In Committee

    Current position in the legislative process.

  • 190 sponsors

    1 primary, 189 co-sponsors signed on.

  • Bipartisan support

    Sponsored across 2 parties (189 R · 1 D) — cross-party backing.

Prognosis reads this bill's own signals — stage, sponsorship breadth, committee status, recorded votes and cross-state momentum. Odds come from a model trained on which bills have become law.

In plain language

HR 38 aims to expand access to gun ownership across the United States.

This bill proposes changes to current gun laws, making it easier for individuals to own firearms. By altering regulations, it seeks to enhance the rights of gun owners.

Summary

Constitutional Concealed Carry Reciprocity ActThis bill establishes a federal statutory framework to regulate the carry or possession of concealed firearms across state lines.Specifically, an individual who is eligible to carry a concealed firearm in one state may carry or possess a concealed handgun (other than a machine gun or destructive device) in another state that allows its residents to carry concealed firearms.It sets forth requirements for lawful concealed carry across state lines. The bill preempts most state and local laws related to concealed carry and establishes a private right of action for a person adversely affected by interference with a concealed-carry right established by this bill.

Bill Text

What changed in the latest version

34 added · 3 removed

Plain-language change summary

The amendment to HR 38 added a list of additional sponsors to the bill, indicating broader support among various representatives. It also resulted in removing the initial introduction line, simplifying the document's presentation. This change matters as it reflects a consolidated effort to advance the bill through the legislative process, potentially increasing its chances of discussion and consideration.

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Previous
Latest
38 Introduced in House (IH)] <DOC> 119th CONGRESS 1st Session H.
38 Reported in House (RH)] <DOC> Union Calendar No.
289 119th CONGRESS 1st Session H.
38 To amend title 18, United States Code, to provide a means by which nonresidents of a State whose residents may carry concealed firearms may also do so in the State.
38 [Report No.
119-337] To amend title 18, United States Code, to provide a means by which nonresidents of a State whose residents may carry concealed firearms may also do so in the State.
which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary _______________________________________________________________________ A BILL To amend title 18, United States Code, to provide a means by which nonresidents of a State whose residents may carry concealed firearms may also do so in the State.
which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary October 3, 2025 Additional sponsors:
Mr.
Lucas, Mr.
Obernolte, Mr.
McDowell, Mr.
Taylor, Mr.
Hill of Arkansas, Mr.
Rogers of Kentucky, Ms.
De La Cruz, Mr.
Smith of Nebraska, Mr.
Harris of Maryland, Mr.
Golden of Maine, Mr.
Bilirakis, Mr.
Evans of Colorado, Mr.
Tiffany, Ms.
Lee of Florida, Mr.
Burchett, Mr.
Fallon, Mr.
Sessions, Mr.
Loudermilk, Mr.
Webster of Florida, Mr.
Messmer, Mr.
Moore of West Virginia, Mr.
Burlison, Mr.
Knott, Mr.
Onder, Mr.
Westerman, Mr.
Bentz, Mr.
Walberg, Mr.
Rulli, Mr.
Downing, Mr.
Harris of North Carolina, Mr.
Cloud, Mr.
Edwards, Mr.
Van Orden, Mr.
DesJarlais, Mr.
Show all 83 changed rows (43 more)
Previous
Latest
Steube, Mr.
Gosar, Mr.
Rogers of Alabama, Mr.
Miller of Ohio, Mr.
Stutzman, Mr.
Flood, Mr.
McGuire, Mr.
Fong, Mr.
Steil, Mrs.
Miller-Meeks, Mr.
Hamadeh of Arizona, Mrs.
Kiggans of Virginia, Mr.
Calvert, Mr.
Newhouse, Mr.
Baumgartner, Mr.
Valadao, Mr.
Barr, Mr.
Baird, Mr.
Smucker, Mr.
Kennedy of Utah, Mr.
Mills, Mr.
Wied, Mr.
Hurd of Colorado, Mr.
Barrett, Mr.
Kelly of Mississippi, Ms.
Stefanik, Ms.
Greene of Georgia, Mr.
Jack, Mr.
Donalds, Ms.
Fedorchak, Mr.
Fine, Mr.
McCormick, Mr.
Carey, Mr.
Kelly of Pennsylvania, Mr.
James, and Mr.
Patronis October 3, 2025 Reported with an amendment, committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union, and ordered to be printed [Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed in italic] [For text of introduced bill, see copy of bill as introduced on January 3, 2025] _______________________________________________________________________ A BILL To amend title 18, United States Code, to provide a means by which nonresidents of a State whose residents may carry concealed firearms may also do so in the State.
This Act may be cited as the ``Constitutional Concealed Carry Reciprocity Act''.
This Act may be cited as the ``Constitutional Concealed Carry Reciprocity Act of 2025''.
<all>
Union Calendar No.
289 119th CONGRESS 1st Session H.
R.
38 [Report No.
119-337] _______________________________________________________________________ A BILL To amend title 18, United States Code, to provide a means by which nonresidents of a State whose residents may carry concealed firearms may also do so in the State.
_______________________________________________________________________ October 3, 2025 Reported with an amendment, committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union, and ordered to be printed
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What Congress says this changes

H. Rept. 119-337

Published by the reporting committee Not generated — this is the committee's own “Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, as Reported”.

Text to be removed appears in [brackets]. Newly inserted text is italicised in the official report and cannot be marked in this plain-text rendition — read the official PDF ↗ for the authoritative formatting. 

changes in existing law made by 
the bill, as reported, are shown as follows (new matter is 
printed in italics and existing law in which no change is 
proposed is shown in roman):

 TITLE 18, UNITED STATES CODE

 * * * * * * *

 PART I--CRIMES

 * * * * * * *

 CHAPTER 44--FIREARMS

Sec.
921. Definitions.
 * * * * * * *
926D. Reciprocity for the carrying of certain concealed firearms.

 * * * * * * *

Sec. 926D. Reciprocity for the carrying of certain concealed firearms

 (a) Notwithstanding any provision of the law of any State or 
political subdivision thereof (except as provided in subsection 
(b)) and subject only to the requirements of this section, a 
person who is not prohibited by Federal law from possessing, 
transporting, shipping, or receiving a firearm, who is carrying 
a valid identification document containing a photograph of the 
person, and who is carrying a valid license or permit which is 
issued pursuant to the law of a State and which permits the 
person to carry a concealed firearm or is entitled to carry a 
concealed firearm in the State in which the person resides, may 
possess or carry a concealed handgun (other than a machine gun 
or destructive device) that has been shipped or transported in 
interstate or foreign commerce, in any State that--
 (1) has a statute under which residents of the State 
 may apply for a license or permit to carry a concealed 
 firearm; or
 (2) does not prohibit the carrying of concealed 
 firearms by residents of the State for lawful purposes.
 (b) This section shall not be construed to supersede or limit 
the laws of any State that--
 (1) permit private persons or entities to prohibit or 
 restrict the possession of concealed firearms on their 
 property; or
 (2) prohibit or restrict the possession of firearms 
 on any State or local government property, 
 installation, building, or base.
 (c)(1) A person who carries or possesses a concealed handgun 
in accordance with subsections (a) and (b) may not be arrested 
or otherwise detained for violation of any law or any rule or 
regulation of a State or any political subdivision thereof 
related to the possession, transportation, or carrying of 
firearms unless there is probable cause to believe that the 
person is doing so in a manner not provided for by this 
section. Presentation of facially valid documents as specified 
in subsection (a) is prima facie evidence that the individual 
has a license or permit as required by this section.
 (2) When a person asserts this section as a defense in a 
criminal proceeding, the prosecution shall bear the burden of 
proving, beyond a reasonable doubt, that the conduct of the 
person did not satisfy the conditions set forth in subsections 
(a) and (b).
 (3) When a person successfully asserts this section as a 
defense in a criminal proceeding, the court shall award the 
prevailing defendant a reasonable attorney's fee.
 (d)(1) A person who is deprived of any right, privilege, or 
immunity secured by this section, under color of any statute, 
ordinance, regulation, custom, or usage of any State or any 
political subdivision thereof, may bring an action in any 
appropriate court against any other person, including a State 
or political subdivision thereof, who causes the person to be 
subject to the deprivation, for damages or other appropriate 
relief.
 (2) The court shall award a plaintiff prevailing in an action 
brought under paragraph (1) damages and such other relief as 
the court deems appropriate, including a reasonable attorney's 
fee.
 (e) In subsection (a):
 (1) The term ``identification document'' means a 
 document made or issued by or under the authority of 
 the United States Government, a State, or a political 
 subdivision of a State which, when completed with 
 information concerning a particular individual, is of a 
 type intended or commonly accepted for the purpose of 
 identification of individuals.
 (2) The term ``handgun'' includes any magazine for 
 use in a handgun and any ammunition loaded into the 
 handgun or its magazine.
 (f)(1) A person who possesses or carries a concealed handgun 
under subsection (a) shall not be subject to the prohibitions 
of section 922(q).
 (2) A person possessing or carrying a concealed handgun in a 
State under subsection (a) may do so in any of the following 
areas in the State that are open to the public:
 (A) A unit of the National Park System.
 (B) A unit of the National Wildlife Refuge System.
 (C) Public land under the jurisdiction of the Bureau 
 of Land Management.
 (D) Land administered and managed by the Army Corps 
 of Engineers.
 (E) Land administered and managed by the Bureau of 
 Reclamation.
 (F) Land administered and managed by the Forest 
 Service.

 * * * * * * *

Source: H. Rept. 119-337 · govinfo

How this bill changes current law

10 changes Share ↗

AI-generated reading aid from the bill's amendatory text — verify against the official bill.

This bill amends current law to allow nonresidents to carry concealed firearms in a state if that state's residents are permitted to do so.

  • Chapter 44 of title 18, United States Code

    Sec. 926D. Reciprocity for the carrying of certain concealed firearms...

    This section establishes legal reciprocity for the carrying of concealed firearms across state lines for nonresidents.

  • Chapter 44 of title 18, United States Code

    ...a person who is not prohibited by Federal law from possessing, transporting, shipping, or receiving a firearm...

    This stipulates that nonresidents can carry concealed handguns if they meet federal requirements.

  • Chapter 44 of title 18, United States Code

    ...may possess or carry a concealed handgun...in any State that--...

    This allows nonresidents to carry concealed handguns in states that license residents to do so.

  • Chapter 44 of title 18, United States Code

    ...A person who carries or possesses a concealed handgun...may not be arrested...unless there is probable cause...

    This provides legal protection from arrest for nonresidents carrying concealed firearms under this law.

  • Chapter 44 of title 18, United States Code

    ...When a person successfully asserts this section as a defense in a criminal proceeding, the court shall award the prevailing defendant a reasonable attorney's fee.

    This entitles individuals to recover attorney's fees if they successfully defend against charges related to concealed carry under this law.

  • Chapter 44 of title 18, United States Code

    ...A person who is deprived of any right, privilege, or immunity secured by this section...may bring an action in any appropriate court...for damages or other appropriate relief.

    This allows individuals to sue for damages if they are denied their rights under this section.

  • Chapter 44 of title 18, United States Code

    ...The term 'handgun' includes any magazine for use in a handgun and any ammunition loaded into the handgun or its magazine.

    This clarifies that the definition of handgun covers associated magazines and ammunition.

  • Chapter 44 of title 18, United States Code

    ...A person possessing or carrying a concealed handgun in a State under subsection (a) may do so in any of the following areas in the State that are open to the public:...

    This specifies locations where nonresidents can carry concealed handguns, including national parks and public lands.

  • Chapter 44 of title 18, United States Code

    ...should not be construed to supersede or limit the laws of any State that--...

    This establishes that states can still enforce certain local restrictions on concealed carry.

  • Chapter 44 of title 18, United States Code

    ...this section shall take effect 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act.

    This sets a specific effective date for the new regulations established by the bill.

Action History

  1. Introduced in House

  2. Introduced in House

  3. Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.

  4. Committee Consideration and Mark-up Session Held

  5. Ordered to be Reported (Amended) by the Yeas and Nays: 18 - 9.

  6. Reported (Amended) by the Committee on Judiciary. H. Rept. 119-337.

  7. Reported (Amended) by the Committee on Judiciary. H. Rept. 119-337.

  8. Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 289.

Sponsors

Sponsorship breakdown

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1 sponsors · 189 co-sponsors · 357 not signed on

Sponsors (1)

Co-sponsors (189)

Not signed on (357)

357 members have not signed on to this bill.

Show all 357 →

"Not signed on" means a member has not sponsored or co-sponsored this bill — it does not imply opposition. Members flagged Voted No have a recorded No vote on this bill.

Whip count is in markup. Polling the chamber and every recorded vote this session. Only the first open is slow. It’s instant for you after this. Calling the roll · Tallying · Engrossing

Subjects

public-safety civil-rights elections environment
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Frequently asked questions

What does HR 38 do?
Constitutional Concealed Carry Reciprocity ActThis bill establishes a federal statutory framework to regulate the carry or possession of concealed firearms across state lines.Specifically, an individual who is eligible to carry a concealed firearm in one state may carry or possess a concealed handgun (other than a machine gun or destructive device) in another state that allows its residents to carry concealed firearms.It sets forth requirements for lawful concealed carry across state lines. The bill preempts most state and local laws related to concealed carry and establishes a private right of action for a person adversely affected by interference with a concealed-carry right established by this bill.
Who sponsors HR 38?
HR 38 is sponsored by Murphy, Gregory F. (Republican), Hern, Kevin (Republican), Jackson, Ronny (Republican), Clyde, Andrew S. (Republican), Cammack, Kat (Republican), Crenshaw, Dan (Republican), Harrigan, Pat (Republican), Pfluger, August (Republican), Ellzey, Jake (Republican), Tenney, Claudia (Republican), Bean, Aaron (Republican), LaMalfa, Doug (Republican), Meuser, Daniel (Republican), Finstad, Brad (Republican), Self, Keith (Republican), Higgins, Clay (Republican), Simpson, Michael K. (Republican), Babin, Brian (Republican), Rose, John W. (Republican), Wagner, Ann (Republican), Bacon, Don (Republican), Johnson, Dusty (Republican), Rouzer, David (Republican), Harshbarger, Diana (Republican), Moore, Barry (Republican), Timmons, William R. (Republican), Brecheen, Josh (Republican), Bice, Stephanie I. (Republican), Carter, Earl L. "Buddy" (Republican), Foxx, Virginia (Republican), Yakym, Rudy (Republican), Womack, Steve (Republican), Grothman, Glenn (Republican), Langworthy, Nicholas A. (Republican), Guest, Michael (Republican), Ezell, Mike (Republican), Moolenaar, John R. (Republican), Mace, Nancy (Republican), Joyce, John (Republican), Stauber, Pete (Republican), Reschenthaler, Guy (Republican), Feenstra, Randy (Republican), Latta, Robert E. (Republican), Fischbach, Michelle (Republican), Aderholt, Robert B. (Republican), Thompson, Glenn (Republican), Perry, Scott (Republican), Ogles, Andrew (Republican), Graves, Sam (Republican), Crane, Elijah (Republican), Williams, Roger (Republican), Rutherford, John H. (Republican), Fleischmann, Charles J. "Chuck" (Republican), Hageman, Harriet M. (Republican), Crank, Jeff (Republican), Moran, Nathaniel (Republican), Hinson, Ashley (Republican), Gonzales, Tony (Republican), Van Duyne, Beth (Republican), Zinke, Ryan K. (Republican), Bost, Mike (Republican), Palmer, Gary J. (Republican), Fry, Russell (Republican), Estes, Ron (Republican), Dunn, Neal P. (Republican), Guthrie, Brett (Republican), Scott, Austin (Republican), Letlow, Julia (Republican), Issa, Darrell (Republican), Cline, Ben (Republican), Cole, Tom (Republican), Miller, Mary E. (Republican), Moore, Blake D. (Republican), Weber, Randy K. Sr. (Republican), Nehls, Troy E. (Republican), Goldman, Craig A. (Republican), Fulcher, Russ (Republican), Biggs, Andy (Republican), Houchin, Erin (Republican), Franklin, Scott (Republican), Buchanan, Vern (Republican), Allen, Rick W. (Republican), Kustoff, David (Republican), Begich, Nicholas J. (Republican), Davidson, Warren (Republican), Gill, Brandon (Republican), Bresnahan, Robert P. (Republican), Wilson, Joe (Republican), Alford, Mark (Republican), Arrington, Jodey C. (Republican), Biggs, Sheri (Republican), Bergman, Jack (Republican), Gooden, Lance (Republican), LaHood, Darin (Republican), Luna, Anna Paulina (Republican), Collins, Mike (Republican), Norman, Ralph (Republican), Ciscomani, Juan (Republican), Owens, Burgess (Republican), Balderson, Troy (Republican), Comer, James (Republican), Strong, Dale W. (Republican), Smith, Jason (Republican), Luttrell, Morgan (Republican), Schmidt, Derek (Republican), Fitzgerald, Scott (Republican), Hunt, Wesley (Republican), Wittman, Robert J. (Republican), Miller, Carol D. (Republican), Shreve, Jefferson (Republican), Mann, Tracey (Republican), McClintock, Tom (Republican), Amodei, Mark E. (Republican), Green, Mark E. (Republican), Van Drew, Jefferson (Republican), Huizenga, Bill (Republican), Haridopolos, Mike (Republican), Moore, Tim (Republican), Carter, John R. (Republican), Lucas, Frank D. (Republican), Obernolte, Jay (Republican), McDowell, Addison P. (Republican), Taylor, David J. (Republican), Hill, J. French (Republican), Rogers, Harold (Republican), De La Cruz, Monica (Republican), Smith, Adrian (Republican), Harris, Andy (Republican), Golden, Jared F. (Democratic), Bilirakis, Gus M. (Republican), Evans, Gabe (Republican), Tiffany, Thomas P. (Republican), Lee, Laurel M. (Republican), Burchett, Tim (Republican), Fallon, Pat (Republican), Sessions, Pete (Republican), Loudermilk, Barry (Republican), Webster, Daniel (Republican), Messmer, Mark B. (Republican), Moore, Riley M. (Republican), Burlison, Eric (Republican), Knott, Brad (Republican), Onder, Robert F. (Republican), Westerman, Bruce (Republican), Bentz, Cliff (Republican), Walberg, Tim (Republican), Rulli, Michael A. (Republican), Downing, Troy (Republican), Harris, Mark (Republican), Cloud, Michael (Republican), Edwards, Chuck (Republican), Van Orden, Derrick (Republican), DesJarlais, Scott (Republican), Steube, W. Gregory (Republican), Gosar, Paul A. (Republican), Rogers, Mike D. (Republican), Miller, Max L. (Republican), Stutzman, Marlin A. (Republican), Flood, Mike (Republican), McGuire, John J. (Republican), Fong, Vince (Republican), Steil, Bryan (Republican), Miller-Meeks, Mariannette (Republican), Hamadeh, Abraham J. (Republican), Kiggans, Jennifer A. (Republican), Calvert, Ken (Republican), Newhouse, Dan (Republican), Baumgartner, Michael (Republican), Valadao, David G. (Republican), Barr, Andy (Republican), Baird, James R. (Republican), Smucker, Lloyd (Republican), Kennedy, Mike (Republican), Mills, Cory (Republican), Wied, Tony (Republican), Hurd, Jeff (Republican), Barrett, Tom (Republican), Kelly, Trent (Republican), Stefanik, Elise M. (Republican), Greene, Marjorie Taylor (Republican), Jack, Brian (Republican), Donalds, Byron (Republican), Fedorchak, Julie (Republican), Fine, Randy (Republican), McCormick, Richard (Republican), Carey, Mike (Republican), Kelly, Mike (Republican), James, John (Republican), Patronis, Jimmy (Republican), and Hudson, Richard (Republican).
What is the current status of HR 38?
This bill is in committee in the House. Introduced January 03, 2025. It must pass committee before a floor vote.
Where can I track HR 38?
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