HB 2678 — indistinguishable; visual depiction; definition.
Last action — Signed by Governor
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✓Introduced
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✓In Committee
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✓Passed House
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✓Passed Senate
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✓To Executive
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6Enacted
This bill has been enacted into law. Introduced January 27, 2025. Enacted.
Signed by Governor Katie Hobbs (Democratic) on May 12, 2025.
Odds of enactment
High chanceBased on the sponsor, cosponsors, and committee posture, this bill has a high chance of becoming law.
Upgrade to see the exact probability and what's driving it.
A statistical estimate from our own model of past outcomes — an insight, not a guarantee. Policymaking is volatile.
Prognosis
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Enacted
Current position in the legislative process.
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3 sponsors
1 primary, 2 co-sponsors signed on.
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Single-party support
Sponsorship is currently within one party (3 R).
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Mixed recorded votes
3 passed, 2 failed in recorded votes so far.
Based on stage, sponsorship breadth, committee status, recorded votes, and cross-state momentum — a description of the observable signals, not a prediction.
Bill Text
What changed in the latest version
293 added · 53 removedPlain-language change summary
The recent amendment to Bill HB 2678 strengthens penalties for dangerous crimes against children, specifically targeting those involved in commercial sexual exploitation or child sex trafficking. It now mandates that individuals aged 18 and older, who have prior convictions of serious offenses against children, will face life imprisonment without the possibility of parole. Additionally, the previous section regarding specific definitions related to sexual exploitation of children was removed, streamlining the bill's focus on penalties. These changes aim to enhance the legal consequences for offenders and help better protect children from sexual exploitation.
HouseSenate Engrossed House Bill indistinguishable;
State of Arizona House of Representatives Fifty-seventh Legislature First Regular Session CHAPTER 174 HOUSE BILL 2678 AN ACT AMENDING SECTIONSECTIONS 13-705 AND 13-3551, ARIZONA REVISED STATUTES;
Section 13-705, Arizona Revised Statutes, is amended to read:
13-705.
Dangerous crimes against children;
sentences;
definitions A.
A person who is at least eighteen years of age and who is convicted of a dangerous crime against children in the first degree involving commercial sexual exploitation of a minor or child sex trafficking and the person has previously been convicted of a dangerous crime against children in the first degree shall be sentenced to imprisonment in the custody of the state department of corrections for natural life.
A person who is sentenced to natural life is not eligible for commutation, parole, work furlough, work release or release from confinement on any basis for the remainder of the person's natural life.
B.
A person who is at least eighteen years of age and who is convicted of a dangerous crime against children in the first degree involving sexual assault of a minor who is twelve years of age or younger or sexual conduct with a minor who is twelve years of age or younger shall be sentenced to life imprisonment and is not eligible for suspension of sentence, probation, pardon or release from confinement on any basis except as specifically authorized by section 31-233, subsection A or B until the person has served thirty-five years or the sentence is commuted.
This subsection does not apply to masturbatory contact.
C.
Except as otherwise provided in this section, a person who is at least eighteen years of age or who has been tried as an adult and who is convicted of a dangerous crime against children in the first degree involving attempted first degree murder of a minor who is under twelve years of age, sexual assault of a minor who is under twelve years of age, sexual conduct with a minor who is under twelve years of age or manufacturing methamphetamine under circumstances that cause physical injury to a minor who is under twelve years of age may be sentenced to life imprisonment and is not eligible for suspension of sentence, probation, pardon or release from confinement on any basis except as specifically authorized by section 31-233, subsection A or B until the person has served thirty-five years or the sentence is commuted.
If a life sentence is not imposed pursuant to this subsection, the person shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment as follows:
Minimum Presumptive Maximum 13 years 20 years 27 years D.
Except as otherwise provided in this section, a person who is at least eighteen years of age or who has been tried as an adult and who is convicted of a dangerous crime against children in the first degree involving second degree murder of a minor who is under fifteen years of age may be sentenced to life imprisonment and is not eligible for suspension of sentence, probation, pardon or release from confinement on - 1 - H.B.
2678 any basis except as specifically authorized by section 31-233, subsection A or B until the person has served thirty-five years or the sentence is commuted.
If a life sentence is not imposed pursuant to this subsection, the person shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment as follows:
Minimum Presumptive Maximum 25 years 30 years 35 years E.
Except as otherwise provided in this section, a person who is at least eighteen years of age or who has been tried as an adult and who is convicted of a dangerous crime against children in the first degree involving attempted first degree murder of a minor who is twelve, thirteen or fourteen years of age, sexual assault of a minor who is twelve, thirteen or fourteen years of age, taking a child for the purpose of prostitution, child sex trafficking, commercial sexual exploitation of a minor, sexual conduct with a minor who is twelve, thirteen or fourteen years of age or manufacturing methamphetamine under circumstances that cause physical injury to a minor who is twelve, thirteen or fourteen years of age or involving or using minors in drug offenses shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment as follows:
Minimum Presumptive Maximum 13 years 20 years 27 years A person who has been previously convicted of one predicate felony shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment as follows:
Minimum Presumptive Maximum 23 years 30 years 37 years F.
Except as otherwise provided in this section, a person who is at least eighteen years of age or who has been tried as an adult and who is convicted of a dangerous crime against children in the first degree involving aggravated assault, unlawful mutilation, molestation of a child, sexual exploitation of a minor, aggravated luring a minor for sexual exploitation, child abuse or kidnapping shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment as follows:
Minimum Presumptive Maximum 10 years 17 years 24 years A person who has been previously convicted of one predicate felony shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment as follows:
Minimum Presumptive Maximum 21 years 28 years 35 years G.
Except as otherwise provided in this section, if a person is at least eighteen years of age or has been tried as an adult and is convicted of a dangerous crime against children involving luring a minor for sexual exploitation, sexual extortion or unlawful age misrepresentation and is sentenced to a term of imprisonment, the term of imprisonment is as follows and the person is not eligible for release from confinement on any basis except as specifically authorized by section 31-233, subsection A or B until the sentence imposed by the court has been served or is commuted, - 2 - H.B.
2678 except that if the person is convicted of unlawful age misrepresentation the person is eligible for release pursuant to section 41-1604.07:
Minimum Presumptive Maximum 5 years 10 years 15 years A person who has been previously convicted of one predicate felony shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment as follows and the person is not eligible for suspension of sentence, probation, pardon or release from confinement on any basis except as specifically authorized by section 31-233, subsection A or B until the sentence imposed by the court has been served or is commuted, except that if the person is convicted of unlawful age misrepresentation the person is eligible for release pursuant to section 41-1604.07:
Minimum Presumptive Maximum 8 years 15 years 22 years H.
Except as otherwise provided in this section, if a person is at least eighteen years of age or has been tried as an adult and is convicted of a dangerous crime against children involving sexual abuse or bestiality under section 13-1411, subsection A, paragraph 2 and is sentenced to a term of imprisonment, the term of imprisonment is as follows and the person is not eligible for release from confinement on any basis except as specifically authorized by section 31-233, subsection A or B until the sentence imposed by the court has been served, the person is eligible for release pursuant to section 41-1604.07 or the sentence is commuted:
Minimum Presumptive Maximum 2.5 years 5 years 7.5 years A person who has been previously convicted of one predicate felony shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment as follows and the person is not eligible for suspension of sentence, probation, pardon or release from confinement on any basis except as specifically authorized by section 31-233, subsection A or B until the sentence imposed by the court has been served, the person is eligible for release pursuant to section 41-1604.07 or the sentence is commuted:
Minimum Presumptive Maximum 8 years 15 years 22 years I.
Except as otherwise provided in this section, a person who is at least eighteen years of age or who has been tried as an adult and who is convicted of a dangerous crime against children in the first degree involving continuous sexual abuse of a child shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment as follows:
Minimum Presumptive Maximum 39 years 60 years 81 years A person who has been previously convicted of one predicate felony shall be sentenced to a term of imprisonment as follows:
Minimum Presumptive Maximum 69 years 90 years 111 years - 3 - H.B.
2678 J.
The presumptive sentences prescribed in subsections C, D, E, and F and I of this section or subsections G and H of this section if the person has previously been convicted of a predicate felony may be increased or decreased pursuant to section 13-701, subsections C, D and E.
K.
Except as provided in subsections G, H, M and N of this section, a person who is sentenced for a dangerous crime against children in the first degree pursuant to this section is not eligible for suspension of sentence, probation, pardon or release from confinement on any basis except as specifically authorized by section 31-233, subsection A or B until the sentence imposed by the court has been served or commuted.
Show all 99 changed lines (59 more)
L.
A person who is convicted of any dangerous crime against children in the first degree pursuant to subsection C, D, E, or F or I of this section and who has been previously convicted of two or more predicate felonies shall be sentenced to life imprisonment and is not eligible for suspension of sentence, probation, pardon or release from confinement on any basis except as specifically authorized by section 31-233, subsection A or B until the person has served not fewer than thirty-five years or the sentence is commuted.
M.
Notwithstanding chapter 10 of this title, a person who is at least eighteen years of age or who has been tried as an adult and who is convicted of a dangerous crime against children in the second degree pursuant to subsection B, C, E, or F or I of this section is guilty of a class 3 felony and if the person is sentenced to a term of imprisonment, the term of imprisonment is as follows and the person is not eligible for release from confinement on any basis except as specifically authorized by section 31-233, subsection A or B until the person has served the sentence imposed by the court, the person is eligible for release pursuant to section 41-1604.07 or the sentence is commuted:
Minimum Presumptive Maximum 5 years 10 years 15 years N.
A person who is convicted of any dangerous crime against children in the second degree and who has been previously convicted of one or more predicate felonies is not eligible for suspension of sentence, probation, pardon or release from confinement on any basis except as specifically authorized by section 31-233, subsection A or B until the sentence imposed by the court has been served, the person is eligible for release pursuant to section 41-1604.07 or the sentence is commuted.
O.
Section 13-704, subsection J and section 13-707, subsection B apply to the determination of prior convictions.
P.
The sentence imposed on a person by the court for a dangerous crime against children under subsection H of this section involving sexual abuse may be served concurrently with other sentences if the offense involved only one victim.
The sentence imposed on a person for any other dangerous crime against children in the first or second degree shall be - 4 - H.B.
2678 consecutive to any other sentence imposed on the person at any time, including sexual abuse of the same victim.
Q.
In this section, for purposes of punishment an unborn child shall be treated like a minor who is under twelve years of age.
R.
A dangerous crime against children is in the first degree if it is a completed offense and is in the second degree if it is a preparatory offense, except attempted first degree murder is a dangerous crime against children in the first degree.
S.
It is not a defense to a dangerous crime against children that the minor is a person posing as a minor or is otherwise fictitious if the defendant knew or had reason to know the purported minor was under fifteen years of age.
T.
For the purposes of this section:
1.
"Dangerous crime against children":
(a) Means any of the following that is committed against a minor who is under fifteen years of age:
(a) (i) Second degree murder.
(b) (ii) Aggravated assault resulting in serious physical injury or involving the discharge, use or threatening exhibition of a deadly weapon or dangerous instrument.
(c) (iii) Sexual assault.
(d) (iv) Molestation of a child.
(e) (v) Sexual conduct with a minor.
(f) (vi) Commercial sexual exploitation of a minor.
(g) (vii) Sexual exploitation of a minor.
(h) (viii) Child abuse as prescribed in section 13-3623, subsection A, paragraph 1.
(i) (ix) Kidnapping.
(j) (x) Sexual abuse.
(k) (xi) Taking a child for the purpose of prostitution as prescribed in section 13-3206.
(l) (xii) Child sex trafficking as prescribed in section 13-3212.
(m) (xiii) Involving or using minors in drug offenses.
(n) (xiv) Continuous sexual abuse of a child.
(o) (xv) Attempted first degree murder.
(p) (xvi) Sex trafficking.
(q) (xvii) Manufacturing methamphetamine under circumstances that cause physical injury to a minor.
(r) (xviii) Bestiality as prescribed in section 13-1411, subsection A, paragraph 2.
(s) (xix) Luring a minor for sexual exploitation.
(t) (xx) Aggravated luring a minor for sexual exploitation.
(u) (xxi) Unlawful age misrepresentation.
(v) (xxii) Unlawful mutilation.
(w) (xxiii) Sexual extortion as prescribed in section 13-1428.
- 5 - H.B.
2678 (b) FOR THE PURPOSES OF SUBDIVISION (a), ITEMS (vi) AND (vii) OF THIS PARAGRAPH, INCLUDES A VISUAL DEPICTION THAT IS INDISTINGUISHABLE FROM AN ACTUAL MINOR WHO IS UNDER FIFTEEN YEARS OF AGE.
2.
"Predicate felony" means any felony involving child abuse pursuant to section 13-3623, subsection A, paragraph 1, a sexual offense, conduct involving the intentional or knowing infliction of serious physical injury or the discharge, use or threatening exhibition of a deadly weapon or dangerous instrument, or a dangerous crime against children in the first or second degree.
Sec.
2.
(c)- Sexual6 bestiality.- H.B.
2678 (c) Sexual bestiality.
-11. 1 - H.B.
2678 11.
-APPROVED 2BY -THE GOVERNOR MAY 12, 2025.
FILED IN THE OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE MAY 12, 2025.
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View plain text versions (6)
- Chaptered Chaptered Version Current pdf
- Engrossed House Engrossed Version pdf
- Engrossed Senate Engrossed Version pdf
- Amended SENATE - Gowan flr amend (ref Bill) adopted pdf
- Amended SENATE - Shamp flr amend (ref Senate Engrossed House Bill) adopted pdf
- Introduced Introduced Version pdf
Action History
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Signed by Governor
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Transmit to Governor
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PASSED
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PASSED
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Transmit to House
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PASSED
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DPA
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DPA
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DP
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Senate Second Reading
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Senate First Reading
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Transmit to Senate
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PASSED
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House Placed on Consent Calendar
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DP
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House Second Reading
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House First Reading.
Sponsors
- Hildy Angius · Cosponsor
- Quang H Nguyen · Cosponsor
- Julie Willoughby · Primary
Sponsorship breakdown
Export CSV (upgrade) →1 sponsors · 2 co-sponsors · 90 not signed on · 17 voted No
Sponsors (1)
- Julie Willoughby Republican
Co-sponsors (2)
- Hildy Angius Republican
- Quang H Nguyen Republican
Not signed on (90)
90 members have not signed on to this bill.
Show all 90 →"Not signed on" means a member has not sponsored or co-sponsored this bill — it does not imply opposition. Members flagged Voted No have a recorded No vote on this bill.
Votes
Roll call published as PDF — view source.
| Party | Yea | Nay | Present | Not Voting |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democrat | 11 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Republican | 15 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Total | 26 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| % of votes cast | 87% | 0% | 0% | 13% |
How each member voted (30)
| Member | Party | Vote |
|---|---|---|
| Analise Ortiz | Democrat | Yea |
| Brian Fernandez | Democrat | Yea |
| Catherine Miranda | Democrat | Yea |
| Denise “Mitzi” Epstein | Democrat | Not Voting |
| Eva Diaz | Democrat | Yea |
| Flavio Bravo | Democrat | Yea |
| Kiana Sears | Democrat | Yea |
| Lauren Kuby | Democrat | Yea |
| Lela Alston | Democrat | Yea |
| Priya Sundareshan | Democrat | Yea |
| Rosanna Gabaldón | Democrat | Not Voting |
| Sally Ann Gonzales | Democrat | Yea |
| Theresa Hatathlie | Democrat | Yea |
| Carine Werner | Republican | Yea |
| David C. Farnsworth | Republican | Yea |
| David Gowan | Republican | Yea |
| Frank Carroll | Republican | Yea |
| Hildy Angius | Republican | Yea |
| J.D. Mesnard | Republican | Yea |
| Jake Hoffman | Republican | Yea |
| Janae Shamp | Republican | Yea |
| John Kavanagh | Republican | Not Voting |
| Kevin Payne | Republican | Yea |
| Mark Finchem | Republican | Not Voting |
| Shawnna Bolick | Republican | Yea |
| Thomas "T.J." Shope | Republican | Yea |
| Timothy "Tim" Dunn | Republican | Yea |
| Venden "Vince" Leach | Republican | Yea |
| Warren Petersen | Republican | Yea |
| Wendy Rogers | Republican | Yea |
Roll call published as PDF — view source.
Roll call published as PDF — view source.
| Party | Yea | Nay | Present | Not Voting |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democrat | 12 | 14 | 0 | 1 |
| Republican | 29 | 3 | 0 | 1 |
| Total | 41 | 17 | 0 | 2 |
| % of votes cast | 68% | 28% | 0% | 3% |
How each member voted (60)
| Member | Party | Vote |
|---|---|---|
| Aaron Márquez | Democrat | Nay |
| Alma Hernandez | Democrat | Yea |
| Anna Abeytia | Democrat | Not Voting |
| Betty J Villegas | Democrat | Nay |
| Brian Garcia | Democrat | Nay |
| Cesar Aguilar | Democrat | Nay |
| Christopher Mathis | Democrat | Nay |
| Consuelo Hernandez | Democrat | Yea |
| Elda Luna-Nájera | Democrat | Yea |
| Janeen Connolly | Democrat | Nay |
| Junelle Cavero | Democrat | Yea |
| Kevin Volk | Democrat | Yea |
| Lorena Austin | Democrat | Nay |
| Lupe Contreras | Democrat | Yea |
| Lydia Hernandez | Democrat | Yea |
| Mae Peshlakai | Democrat | Yea |
| Mariana Sandoval | Democrat | Nay |
| Myron Tsosie | Democrat | Yea |
| Nancy Gutierrez | Democrat | Nay |
| Oscar De Los Santos | Democrat | Nay |
| Patty Contreras | Democrat | Nay |
| Quantá Crews | Democrat | Nay |
| Sarah Liguori | Democrat | Nay |
| Seth Blattman | Democrat | Yea |
| Stacey Travers | Democrat | Yea |
| Stephanie Simacek | Democrat | Yea |
| Stephanie Stahl Hamilton | Democrat | Nay |
| Alexander Kolodin | Republican | Nay |
| Beverly Pingerelli | Republican | Yea |
| Chris Lopez | Republican | Yea |
| David Livingston | Republican | Yea |
| David Marshall, Sr. | Republican | Yea |
| Gail Griffin | Republican | Yea |
| James Taylor | Republican | Yea |
| Jeff Weninger | Republican | Yea |
| John Gillette | Republican | Yea |
| Joseph Chaplik | Republican | Nay |
| Julie Willoughby | Republican | Yea |
| Justin Olson | Republican | Yea |
| Justin Wilmeth | Republican | Yea |
| Khyl Powell | Republican | Yea |
| Laurin Hendrix | Republican | Yea |
| Leo Biasiucci | Republican | Yea |
| Lisa Fink | Republican | Yea |
| Lupe Diaz | Republican | Yea |
| Matt Gress | Republican | Yea |
| Michael Carbone | Republican | Yea |
| Michael Way | Republican | Yea |
| Michele Peña | Republican | Yea |
| Neal Carter | Republican | Yea |
| Nick Kupper | Republican | Not Voting |
| Pamela Carter | Republican | Yea |
| Quang H Nguyen | Republican | Yea |
| Rachel Keshel | Republican | Yea |
| Ralph Heap | Republican | Nay |
| Selina Bliss | Republican | Yea |
| Steve Montenegro | Republican | Yea |
| Teresa Martinez | Republican | Yea |
| Tony Rivero | Republican | Yea |
| Walt Blackman | Republican | Yea |
Subjects
Frequently asked questions
- Who sponsors HB 2678?
- HB 2678 is sponsored by Hildy Angius (Republican), Quang H Nguyen (Republican), and Julie Willoughby (Republican).
- What is the current status of HB 2678?
- This bill has been enacted into law. Introduced January 27, 2025. Enacted.
- Where can I track HB 2678?
- Track HB 2678 free on One Click Politics — get push/email alerts when it moves.
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