HCR 2025 — constitutional amendments; sixty percent vote
Last action — DP
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✓Introduced
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✓In Committee
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3Passed House
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4Passed Senate
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5To Executive
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6Enacted
This bill died with 57th Legislature - First Regular Session. It reached “Passed House” and never advanced before the session ended, so it can no longer move — a new version would have to be reintroduced in the current session.
This bill is no longer active — its legislative session has ended, so there are no live odds of enactment. It would have to be reintroduced in the current session to move again.
Bill Text
What changed in the latest version
336 added · 361 removedPlain-language change summary
The updated version of House Concurrent Resolution 2025 now specifies that constitutional amendments and tax initiatives will require a 60% approval vote to become law. This change clarifies that while initiatives to amend the constitution have the same voting threshold as tax initiatives, other types of initiatives only need a simple majority. Additionally, the governor will not have the power to veto initiatives or referendums that receive this supermajority approval, which strengthens the voice of voters on these important issues. This matters because it potentially makes it easier for significant changes, like tax reforms or constitutional amendments, to be implemented if they have widespread support.
HOUSEHouse FLOOREngrossed AMENDMENTconstitutional EXPLANATIONamendments; Bill Number:
HCRsixty 2025percent Keshelvote FloorState Amendmentof •Arizona ClarifiesHouse thatof aRepresentatives constitutionalFifty-seventh amendmentLegislature thatFirst solelyRegular repealsSession provisionsHOUSE ofCONCURRENT theRESOLUTION constitution2025 isA deemedCONCURRENT toRESOLUTION bePROPOSING approvedAN byAMENDMENT theTO votersTHE ifCONSTITUTION theOF measureARIZONA; receives a majority of votes cast.
AmendmentAMENDING explanationARTICLE preparedIV, byPART J.1, SECTION 1, CONSTITUTION OF ARIZONA;
HobbinsAMENDING PhoneARTICLE NumberXXI, 6-3649SECTION jh1, 2/25/2025CONSTITUTION Fifty-seventhOF LegislatureARIZONA; Keshel First Regular Session H.C.R.
2025RELATING KESHELTO FLOORINITIATIVE AMENDMENTAND HOUSEREFERENDUM OFMEASURES. REPRESENTATIVES AMENDMENTS TO H.C.R.
2025(TEXT (ReferenceOF toBILL printedBEGINS resolution)ON AmendmentNEXT instructionPAGE) key:- i - H.C.R.
[GREEN2025 UNDERLININGBe INit BRACKETS]resolved indicatesby textthe addedHouse toof statuteRepresentatives orof previouslythe enactedState sessionof law.Arizona, the Senate concurring:
[Green underlining in brackets] indicates text added to new session law or text restoring existing law.
[GREEN STRIKEOUT IN BRACKETS] indicates new text removed from statute or previously enacted session law.
[Green strikeout in brackets] indicates text removed from existing statute, previously enacted session law or new session law.
<<Green carets>> indicate a section added to the bill.
<<Green strikeout in carets>> indicates a section removed from the bill.
The resolution as proposed to be amended is reprinted as follows:
Under this power the legislature, or five percent of the qualified electors, may order the submission to the people at the polls of any measure, or item, section or part of any measure, enacted by the legislature, except laws immediately necessary for the preservation of the public peace, health or safety, or for the support and maintenance of Housethe Amendmentsdepartments toof H.C.R.the state government and state institutions;
2025 the departments of the state government and state institutions;
and should such measure be vetoed by the governor, it shall not become a law unless it shall- be1 approved- byH.C.R. the votes of three-fourths of the members elected to each house of the legislature, taken by roll call of ayes and nays.
2025 shall be approved by the votes of three-fourths of the members elected to each house of the legislature, taken by roll call of ayes and nays.
Any measure or amendment to the constitution proposed under the initiative, and any measure to which the referendum is applied, shall be referred to a vote of the qualified electors, and for AN INITIATIVE TO AMEND THE CONSTITUTIONCONSTITUTION, EXCEPT FOR A PROPOSED AMENDMENT TO SECTION 2, ARTICLE 8.1 OR an initiative or referendum to approve a tax, shall become law when approved by sixty percent of the votes cast thereon and upon ON proclamation of the governor, and not otherwise and for all other initiatives and referendums, [INCLUDING CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS THAT SOLELY REPEAL CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS,] shall become law when approved by a majority of the votes cast thereon and upon ON proclamation of the governor, and not otherwise.
The veto power of the governor shall not extend to an initiative -2-measure Houseto Amendmentsapprove a tax that is approved by sixty percent of the votes cast thereon, AN INITIATIVE TO AMEND THE CONSTITUTION THAT IS APPROVED BY SIXTY PERCENT OF THE VOTES CAST THEREON, EXCEPT FOR AN INITIATIVE TO AMEND SECTION 2, ARTICLE 8.1, or to H.C.R.a referendum measure to approve a tax that is decided by sixty percent of the votes cast thereon and for all other initiatives and referendums, the veto power of the governor shall not extend to initiatives and referendums approved by a majority of the votes cast thereon.
2025 measure to approve a tax that is approved by sixty percent of the votes cast thereon, AN INITIATIVE TO AMEND THE CONSTITUTION THAT IS APPROVED BY SIXTY PERCENT OF THE VOTES CAST THEREON or to a referendum measure to approve a tax that is decided by sixty percent of the votes cast thereon and for all other initiatives and referendums, [INCLUDING CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS THAT SOLELY REPEAL CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS,] the veto power of the governor shall not extend to initiatives and referendums approved by a majority of the votes cast thereon.
The legislature shall not have the power to repeal an initiative measure to approve a tax that is approved by sixty percent of the votes cast thereon, AN INITIATIVE TO AMEND THE CONSTITUTION THAT IS APPROVED BY SIXTY PERCENT OF THE- VOTES2 CAST- THEREONH.C.R. or to repeal a referendum measure to approve a tax that is decided by sixty percent of the votes cast thereon and for all other initiatives and referendums, [INCLUDING CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS THAT SOLELY REPEAL CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS,] the legislature shall not have the power to repeal an initiative measure approved by a majority of the votes cast thereon and shall not have the power to repeal a referendum measure decided by a majority of the votes cast thereon.
2025 THE VOTES CAST THEREON, EXCEPT FOR AN INITIATIVE TO AMEND SECTION 2, ARTICLE 8.1, or to repeal a referendum measure to approve a tax that is decided by sixty percent of the votes cast thereon and for all other initiatives and referendums, the legislature shall not have the power to repeal an initiative measure approved by a majority of the votes cast thereon and shall not have the power to repeal a referendum measure decided by a majority of the votes cast thereon.
The legislature shall not have the power to appropriate or divert funds created or allocated to a specific purpose by an initiative measure that also approves a tax that is approved by sixty percent of the votes cast thereon, or by a referendum measure -3-that Housealso Amendmentsapproves a tax that is decided by sixty percent of the votes cast thereon, unless the appropriation or diversion of funds furthers the purposes of such measure and at least three-fourths of the members of each house of the legislature, by a roll call of ayes and nays, vote to H.C.R.appropriate or divert such funds.
2025For thatall alsoother approvesinitiatives and referendums, the legislature shall not have the power to appropriate or divert funds created or allocated to a taxspecific thatpurpose isby decidedan initiative measure approved by sixtya percentmajority of the votes cast thereon,thereon unlessand shall not have the appropriationpower orto diversionappropriate ofor divert funds furtherscreated theor purposesallocated ofto sucha specific purpose by a referendum measure anddecided atby leasta three-fourthsmajority of the membersvotes ofcast eachthereon, houseunless of the legislature,appropriation byor adiversion rollof callfunds offurthers ayesthe andpurposes nays,of votesuch tomeasure appropriateand orat divertleast such- funds.3 - H.C.R.
For2025 all other initiatives and referendums, the legislature shall not have the power to appropriate or divert funds created or allocated to a specific purpose by an initiative measure approved by a majority of the votes cast thereon and shall not have the power to appropriate or divert funds created or allocated to a specific purpose by a referendum measure decided by a majority of the votes cast thereon, unless the appropriation or diversion of funds furthers the purposes of such measure and at least three-fourths of the members of each house of the legislature, by a roll call of ayes and nays, vote to appropriate or divert such funds.
and shall contain the declaration of each petitioner, for himself, that he is a qualified elector of the state (and in the case of petitions for or on city, town or -4-county Housemeasures, Amendmentsof tothe H.C.R.city, town or county affected), his post office address, the street and number, if any, of his residence, and the date on which he signed such petition.
2025 county measures, of the city, town or county affected), his post office address, the street and number, if any, of his residence, and the date on which he signed such petition.
Each sheet containing petitioners' signatures shall be attached to a full and correct copy of the title and text of the measure so proposed to be initiated or referred to the people, and every- sheet4 of- everyH.C.R. such petition containing signatures shall be verified by the affidavit of the person who circulated said sheet or petition, setting forth that each of the names on said sheet was signed in the presence of the affiant and that in the belief of the affiant each signer was a qualified elector of the state, or in the case of a city, town or county measure, of the city, town or county affected by the measure so proposed to be initiated or referred to the people.
2025 every sheet of every such petition containing signatures shall be verified by the affidavit of the person who circulated said sheet or petition, setting forth that each of the names on said sheet was signed in the presence of the affiant and that in the belief of the affiant each signer was a qualified elector of the state, or in the case of a city, town or county measure, of the city, town or county affected by the measure so proposed to be initiated or referred to the people.
It shall be the duty of the secretary of state, in the presence of the governor and the chief justice of the supreme court, to canvass the votes for and against each such measure or proposed amendment to the constitution within thirty days after the election, and upon ON the completion of the canvass -5-the Housegovernor Amendmentsshall forthwith issue a proclamation, giving the whole number of votes cast for and against each measure or proposed amendment, and declaring such measures or amendments to H.C.R.approve a tax OR INITIATIVE MEASURES THAT AMEND THE CONSTITUTION as are approved by sixty percent of those voting thereon to be law and for all other measures or amendments, declaring such measures as are approved by a majority of those voting thereon to be law.
2025 the governor shall forthwith issue a proclamation, giving the whole number of votes cast for and against each measure or proposed amendment, and declaring such measures or amendments to approve a tax OR AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION as are approved by sixty percent of those voting thereon to be law and for all other measures [or amendments] [THAT SOLELY REPEAL CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS], declaring such measures as are approved by a majority of those voting thereon to be law.
This section shall not be construed to deprive the legislature of the right to- enact5 any- measureH.C.R. except that the legislature shall not have the power to adopt any measure that supersedes, in whole or in part, any initiative measure to approve a tax that is approved by sixty percent of the votes cast thereon or any referendum measure to approve a tax that is decided by sixty percent of the votes cast thereon unless the superseding measure furthers the purposes of the initiative or referendum measure and at least three-fourths of the members of each house of the legislature, by a roll call of ayes and nays, vote to supersede such initiative or referendum measure.
2025 to enact any measure except that the legislature shall not have the power to adopt any measure that supersedes, in whole or in part, any initiative measure to approve a tax that is approved by sixty percent of the votes cast thereon or any referendum measure to approve a tax that is decided by sixty percent of the votes cast thereon unless the superseding measure furthers the purposes of the initiative or referendum measure and at least three-fourths of the members of each house of the legislature, by a roll call of ayes and nays, vote to supersede such initiative or referendum measure.
Any amendment or amendments to this constitution may be proposed in either house of the legislature, or by initiative petition signed by a number of qualified electors equal to fifteen percent of the total -6-number Houseof Amendmentsvotes tofor H.C.R.all candidates for governor at the last preceding general election.
2025 number of votes for all candidates for governor at the last preceding general election.
When any proposed amendment or amendments shall be thus passed by a majority of each house of the legislature and entered- on6 the- respectiveH.C.R. journals thereof, or when any elector or electors file with the secretary of state any proposed amendment or amendments together with a petition therefor signed by a number of electors equal to fifteen percent of the total number of votes for all candidates for governor in the last preceding general election, the secretary of state shall submit such proposed amendment or amendments to the vote of the people at the next general election (except when the legislature shall call a special election for the purpose of having said proposed amendment or amendments voted on, in which case the secretary of state shall submit such proposed amendment or amendments to the qualified electors at said special election,) and for any proposed amendment or TO THE CONSTITUTION, INCLUDING PROPOSED amendments to approve a tax, if sixty percent of the qualified electors voting thereon shall approve and ratify such proposed amendment or amendments in the regular or special election, such amendment or amendments shall become a part of this constitution and for any other proposed amendment or amendments, if a majority of the qualified electors voting thereon shall approve and ratify such proposed amendment or amendments in the regular or special election, such amendment or amendments shall become a part of this constitution.
2025 entered on the respective journals thereof, or when any elector or electors file with the secretary of state any proposed amendment or amendments together with a petition therefor signed by a number of electors equal to fifteen percent of the total number of votes for all candidates for governor in the last preceding general election, the secretary of state shall submit such proposed amendment or amendments to the vote of the people at the next general election (except when the legislature shall call a special election for the purpose of having said proposed amendment or amendments voted on, in which case the secretary of state shall submit such proposed amendment or amendments to the qualified electors at said special election, ) and.
For any proposed amendment or amendments INITIATIVE TO AMEND THE CONSTITUTION, EXCEPT FOR AN INITIATIVE TO AMEND SECTION 2, ARTICLE 8.1, OR INITIATIVE OR REFERENDUM to approve a tax, if sixty percent of the qualified electors voting thereon shall approve and ratify such proposed amendment or amendments in the regular or special election, such amendment or amendments shall become a part of this constitution and for any other proposed amendment or amendments, if a majority of the qualified electors voting thereon shall approve and ratify such proposed amendment or amendments in the regular or special election, such amendment or amendments shall become a part of this constitution.
Applicability Article IV, part 1, section 1, Constitution of Arizona, as amended by this resolution, and Article XXI, section 1, Constitution of Arizona, as amended by this resolution, apply only to newly proposed constitutional amendments submitted to the voters after November 2026 and do not apply to previously -7- House Amendments to H.C.R.
2025 adopted amendments that are proposed to be amended or repealed after November 2026.
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Enroll- and7 engross- to conform Amend title to conform RACHEL KESHEL HCR2025FloorKESHEL.docx 02/25/2025 06:06 PM H:
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View plain text versions (4)
- Engrossed House Engrossed Version Current pdf
- Amended HOUSE - Floor Amend to Resolution - Keshel - passed pdf
- Amended HOUSE - SUB Floor Amend to Marquez Floor Amend - Carter N - passed by s/v 30-25 pdf
- Introduced Introduced Version pdf
Action History
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DP
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Senate Second Reading
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Senate First Reading
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Transmit to Senate
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PASSED
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FAILED
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DPA
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PASSED
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DPA
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House Placed on Consent Calendar
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DP
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House Second Reading
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House First Reading.
Sponsors
- Nick Kupper · Cosponsor
- Alexander Kolodin · Primary
- Sr. David Marshall · Cosponsor
Sponsorship breakdown
Export CSV (upgrade) →1 sponsors · 2 co-sponsors · 90 not signed on · 53 voted No
Sponsors (1)
- Alexander Kolodin Republican Voted No
Co-sponsors (2)
- Nick Kupper Republican Voted No
- David Marshall, Sr. Republican Voted No
Not signed on (90)
90 members have not signed on to this bill.
Show all 90 →"Not signed on" means a member has not sponsored or co-sponsored this bill — it does not imply opposition. Members flagged Voted No have a recorded No vote on this bill.
Votes
| Party | Yea | Nay | Present | Not Voting |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democrat | 0 | 26 | 0 | 1 |
| Republican | 31 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Total | 31 | 26 | 0 | 3 |
| % of votes cast | 52% | 43% | 0% | 5% |
How each member voted (60)
| Member | Party | Vote |
|---|---|---|
| Aaron Márquez | Democrat | Nay |
| Alma Hernandez | Democrat | Nay |
| Anna Abeytia | Democrat | Nay |
| Betty J Villegas | Democrat | Nay |
| Brian Garcia | Democrat | Nay |
| Cesar Aguilar | Democrat | Nay |
| Christopher Mathis | Democrat | Nay |
| Consuelo Hernandez | Democrat | Nay |
| Elda Luna-Nájera | Democrat | Nay |
| Janeen Connolly | Democrat | Nay |
| Junelle Cavero | Democrat | Nay |
| Kevin Volk | Democrat | Nay |
| Lorena Austin | Democrat | Nay |
| Lupe Contreras | Democrat | Nay |
| Lydia Hernandez | Democrat | Nay |
| Mae Peshlakai | Democrat | Nay |
| Mariana Sandoval | Democrat | Nay |
| Myron Tsosie | Democrat | Not Voting |
| Nancy Gutierrez | Democrat | Nay |
| Oscar De Los Santos | Democrat | Nay |
| Patty Contreras | Democrat | Nay |
| Quantá Crews | Democrat | Nay |
| Sarah Liguori | Democrat | Nay |
| Seth Blattman | Democrat | Nay |
| Stacey Travers | Democrat | Nay |
| Stephanie Simacek | Democrat | Nay |
| Stephanie Stahl Hamilton | Democrat | Nay |
| Alexander Kolodin | Republican | Yea |
| Beverly Pingerelli | Republican | Yea |
| Chris Lopez | Republican | Yea |
| David Livingston | Republican | Yea |
| David Marshall, Sr. | Republican | Yea |
| Gail Griffin | Republican | Yea |
| James Taylor | Republican | Yea |
| Jeff Weninger | Republican | Yea |
| John Gillette | Republican | Yea |
| Joseph Chaplik | Republican | Not Voting |
| Julie Willoughby | Republican | Yea |
| Justin Olson | Republican | Yea |
| Justin Wilmeth | Republican | Yea |
| Khyl Powell | Republican | Yea |
| Laurin Hendrix | Republican | Yea |
| Leo Biasiucci | Republican | Yea |
| Lisa Fink | Republican | Yea |
| Lupe Diaz | Republican | Yea |
| Matt Gress | Republican | Yea |
| Michael Carbone | Republican | Yea |
| Michael Way | Republican | Yea |
| Michele Peña | Republican | Yea |
| Neal Carter | Republican | Yea |
| Nick Kupper | Republican | Yea |
| Pamela Carter | Republican | Yea |
| Quang H Nguyen | Republican | Yea |
| Rachel Keshel | Republican | Yea |
| Ralph Heap | Republican | Not Voting |
| Selina Bliss | Republican | Yea |
| Steve Montenegro | Republican | Yea |
| Teresa Martinez | Republican | Yea |
| Tony Rivero | Republican | Yea |
| Walt Blackman | Republican | Yea |
Roll call published as PDF — view source.
| Party | Yea | Nay | Present | Not Voting |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democrat | 24 | 0 | 0 | 3 |
| Republican | 0 | 30 | 0 | 3 |
| Total | 24 | 30 | 0 | 6 |
| % of votes cast | 40% | 50% | 0% | 10% |
How each member voted (60)
| Member | Party | Vote |
|---|---|---|
| Aaron Márquez | Democrat | Yea |
| Alma Hernandez | Democrat | Not Voting |
| Anna Abeytia | Democrat | Yea |
| Betty J Villegas | Democrat | Yea |
| Brian Garcia | Democrat | Yea |
| Cesar Aguilar | Democrat | Yea |
| Christopher Mathis | Democrat | Yea |
| Consuelo Hernandez | Democrat | Not Voting |
| Elda Luna-Nájera | Democrat | Yea |
| Janeen Connolly | Democrat | Yea |
| Junelle Cavero | Democrat | Yea |
| Kevin Volk | Democrat | Yea |
| Lorena Austin | Democrat | Yea |
| Lupe Contreras | Democrat | Yea |
| Lydia Hernandez | Democrat | Yea |
| Mae Peshlakai | Democrat | Yea |
| Mariana Sandoval | Democrat | Yea |
| Myron Tsosie | Democrat | Not Voting |
| Nancy Gutierrez | Democrat | Yea |
| Oscar De Los Santos | Democrat | Yea |
| Patty Contreras | Democrat | Yea |
| Quantá Crews | Democrat | Yea |
| Sarah Liguori | Democrat | Yea |
| Seth Blattman | Democrat | Yea |
| Stacey Travers | Democrat | Yea |
| Stephanie Simacek | Democrat | Yea |
| Stephanie Stahl Hamilton | Democrat | Yea |
| Alexander Kolodin | Republican | Nay |
| Beverly Pingerelli | Republican | Nay |
| Chris Lopez | Republican | Nay |
| David Livingston | Republican | Nay |
| David Marshall, Sr. | Republican | Nay |
| Gail Griffin | Republican | Nay |
| James Taylor | Republican | Nay |
| Jeff Weninger | Republican | Nay |
| John Gillette | Republican | Nay |
| Joseph Chaplik | Republican | Not Voting |
| Julie Willoughby | Republican | Nay |
| Justin Olson | Republican | Nay |
| Justin Wilmeth | Republican | Nay |
| Khyl Powell | Republican | Nay |
| Laurin Hendrix | Republican | Nay |
| Leo Biasiucci | Republican | Not Voting |
| Lisa Fink | Republican | Nay |
| Lupe Diaz | Republican | Nay |
| Matt Gress | Republican | Nay |
| Michael Carbone | Republican | Nay |
| Michael Way | Republican | Nay |
| Michele Peña | Republican | Nay |
| Neal Carter | Republican | Nay |
| Nick Kupper | Republican | Nay |
| Pamela Carter | Republican | Nay |
| Quang H Nguyen | Republican | Nay |
| Rachel Keshel | Republican | Nay |
| Ralph Heap | Republican | Not Voting |
| Selina Bliss | Republican | Nay |
| Steve Montenegro | Republican | Nay |
| Teresa Martinez | Republican | Nay |
| Tony Rivero | Republican | Nay |
| Walt Blackman | Republican | Nay |
Roll call published as PDF — view source.
Roll call published as PDF — view source.
Subjects
Frequently asked questions
- Who sponsors HCR 2025?
- HCR 2025 is sponsored by Nick Kupper (Republican), Alexander Kolodin (Republican), and David Marshall, Sr. (Republican).
- What is the current status of HCR 2025?
- This bill died with 57th Legislature - First Regular Session. It reached “Passed House” and never advanced before the session ended, so it can no longer move — a new version would have to be reintroduced in the current session.
- Where can I track HCR 2025?
- Track HCR 2025 free on One Click Politics — get push/email alerts when it moves.
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