HR 5672 — Bipartisan Keep America Open Act

(a) Authorities (1) Authority of the Department of Homeland Security and Department of Justice Notwithstanding section 46502 of title 49 or sections 32, 1030, 1367 and chapters 119 and 206 of title 18, the Secretary and the Attorney General may, for their respective Departments, take and may authorize personnel to take such actions as are described in subsection (b)(1) that are necessary to enforce the law, protect the public, or to mitigate a credible threat that an unmanned aircraft system or unmanned aircraft poses to the safety or security of a covered facility or asset. (2) Authority of State, local, Tribal, and territorial law enforcement and correctional agencies Notwithstanding section 46502 of title 49 or sections 32, 1030, 1367 and chapters 119 and 206 of title 18, notwithstanding the laws of any particular State, local, Tribal, or territorial jurisdiction, and after completing the training detailed in subsection (d)(2), any State, local, Tribal, or territorial law enforcement or correctional agency may, subject to subsection (d)(2), take, and authorize personnel with assigned duties that include the security or protection of people, facilities, or assets, to take such actions as are described in subsection (b)(1) that are necessary to mitigate a credible threat that an unmanned aircraft system or unmanned aircraft poses to the safety or security of people, facilities, and assets, a venue or set of venues used for large-scale public gatherings or events, critical infrastructure, or correctional facilities. (b) Actions described (1) In general The actions authorized in subsection (a) are the following: (A) During the operation of the unmanned aircraft system, detect, identify, monitor, and track the unmanned aircraft system or unmanned aircraft, without prior consent, including by means of intercept or other access of a wire communication, an oral communication, or an electronic communication used to control the unmanned aircraft system or unmanned aircraft. (B) Warn the operator of the unmanned aircraft system or unmanned aircraft, including by passive or active, and direct or indirect physical, electronic, radio, electromagnetic means, and through the use of remote identification broadcast or other means. (C) Disrupt control of the unmanned aircraft system or unmanned aircraft, without prior consent, including by disabling the unmanned aircraft system or unmanned aircraft by intercepting, interfering, or causing interference with wire, oral, electronic, or radio communications used to control the unmanned aircraft system or unmanned aircraft. (D) Seize or exercise control of the unmanned aircraft system or unmanned aircraft. (E) Seize or otherwise confiscate the unmanned aircraft system or unmanned aircraft. (F) Use reasonable force, if necessary, to disable, damage, or destroy the unmanned aircraft system or unmanned aircraft. (2) Required coordination The Secretary and the Attorney General shall develop for their respective Departments the actions described in paragraph (1) in coordination with the Secretary of Transportation. (3) Research, testing, training, and evaluation The Secretary and the Attorney General shall conduct research, testing, training on, and evaluation of any equipment, including any electronic equipment, to determine its capability and utility prior to the use of any such technology for any action described in subsection (b)(1). (4) Coordination The Secretary and the Attorney General shall coordinate with the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration when any action authorized by this section might affect aviation safety, civilian aviation and aerospace operations, aircraft airworthiness, or the use of the airspace. (c) Forfeiture (1) Federal agencies Any unmanned aircraft system or unmanned aircraft described in subsection (a) that is seized by the Secretary or the Attorney General pursuant to subsection (a)(1) is subject to forfeiture to the United States. (2) Other agencies An...

(a) In General.— Beginning on the date of enactment of the Justice for Victims of Trafficking Act of 2015, in addition to the assessment imposed under section 3013, the court shall assess an amount of $5,000 on any non-indigent person or entity convicted of an offense under— (1) chapter 77 (relating to peonage, slavery, and trafficking in persons); (2) chapter 109A (relating to sexual abuse); (3) chapter 110 (relating to sexual exploitation and other abuse of children); (4) chapter 117 (relating to transportation for illegal sexual activity and related crimes); or (5) section 274 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1324) (relating to human smuggling), unless the person induced, assisted, abetted, or aided only an individual who at the time of such action was the alien’s spouse, parent, son, or daughter (and no other individual) to enter the United States in violation of law. (b) Satisfaction of Other Court-Ordered Obligations.— An assessment under subsection (a) shall not be payable until the person subject to the assessment has satisfied all outstanding court-ordered fines, orders of restitution, and any other obligation related to victim-compensation arising from the criminal convictions on which the special assessment is based. (c) Establishment of Domestic Trafficking Victims’ Fund.— There is established in the Treasury of the United States a fund, to be known as the “Domestic Trafficking Victims’ Fund” (referred to in this section as the “Fund”), to be administered by the Attorney General, in consultation with the Secretary of Homeland Security and the Secretary of Health and Human Services. (d) Transfers.— In a manner consistent with section 3302(b) of title 31, there shall be transferred to the Fund from the General Fund of the Treasury an amount equal to the amount of the assessments collected under this section, which shall remain available until expended. (e) Use of Funds.— (1) In general.— From amounts in the Fund, in addition to any other amounts available, and without further appropriation, the Attorney General, in coordination with the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall, for each of fiscal years 2016 through 2027, use amounts available in the Fund to award grants or enhance victims’ programming under— (A) section 204 of the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2005 (34 U.S.C. 20705); (B) subsections (b)(2) and (f) of section 107 of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7105); (C) section 214(b) of the Victims of Child Abuse Act of 1990 (34 U.S.C. 20304); 1 and (D) section 106 of the PROTECT Our Children Act of 2008 (34 U.S.C. 21116). (2) Limitation.— Except as provided in subsection (h)(2), none of the amounts in the Fund may be used to provide health care or medical items or services. (f) Collection Method.— The amount assessed under subsection (a) shall, subject to subsection (b), be collected in the manner that fines are collected in criminal cases, including the mandatory imposition of civil remedies for satisfaction of an unpaid fine as authorized under section 3613, where appropriate. (g) Duration of Obligation.— Subject to section 3613(b), the obligation to pay an assessment imposed on or after the date of enactment of the Justice for Victims of Trafficking Act of 2015 shall not cease until the assessment is paid in full. (h) Health or Medical Services.— (1) Transfer of funds.— From amounts appropriated under section 10503(b)(1) of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (42 U.S.C. 254b–2(b)(1)) for fiscal year 2015 and each subsequent fiscal year (or period thereof), there shall be transferred to the Fund an amount equal to the amount transferred under subsection (d) for each fiscal year, except that the amount transferred under this paragraph shall not be less than $5,000,000 or more than $30,000,000 in each such fiscal year, and such amounts shall remain available until expended. (2) Use of funds.— The Attorney General, in coordinatio...

(a) In general There is hereby imposed a tax on any liquid used (during any calendar quarter by any person) in a fractional program aircraft as fuel— (1) for the transportation of a qualified fractional owner with respect to the fractional ownership aircraft program of which such aircraft is a part, or (2) with respect to the use of such aircraft on account of such a qualified fractional owner, including use in deadhead service. (b) Amount of tax The rate of tax imposed by subsection (a) is 14.1 cents per gallon. (c) Definitions and special rules For purposes of this section— (1) Fractional program aircraft The term “fractional program aircraft” means, with respect to any fractional ownership aircraft program, any aircraft which— (A) is listed as a fractional program aircraft in the management specifications issued to the manager of such program by the Federal Aviation Administration under subpart K of part 91 of title 14, Code of Federal Regulations, and (B) is registered in the United States. (2) Fractional ownership aircraft program The term “fractional ownership aircraft program” means a program under which— (A) a single fractional ownership program manager provides fractional ownership program management services on behalf of the fractional owners, (B) there are 1 or more fractional owners per fractional program aircraft, with at least 1 fractional program aircraft having more than 1 owner, (C) with respect to at least 2 fractional program aircraft, none of the ownership interests in such aircraft are— (i) less than the minimum fractional ownership interest, or (ii) held by the program manager referred to in subparagraph (A), (D) there exists a dry-lease aircraft exchange arrangement among all of the fractional owners, and (E) there are multi-year program agreements covering the fractional ownership, fractional ownership program management services, and dry-lease aircraft exchange aspects of the program. (3) Definitions related to fractional ownership interests (A) Qualified fractional owner The term “qualified fractional owner” means any fractional owner which has a minimum fractional ownership interest in at least one fractional program aircraft. (B) Minimum fractional ownership interest The term “minimum fractional ownership interest” means, with respect to each type of aircraft— (i) a fractional ownership interest equal to or greater than 1/16 of at least 1 subsonic, fixed wing, or powered lift aircraft, or (ii) a fractional ownership interest equal to or greater than 1/32 of at least 1 rotorcraft aircraft. (C) Fractional ownership interest The term “fractional ownership interest” means— (i) the ownership of an interest in a fractional program aircraft, (ii) the holding of a multi-year leasehold interest in a fractional program aircraft, or (iii) the holding of a multi-year leasehold interest which is convertible into an ownership interest in a fractional program aircraft. (D) Fractional owner The term “fractional owner” means any person owning any interest (including the entire interest) in a fractional program aircraft. (4) Dry-lease aircraft exchange The term “dry-lease aircraft exchange” means an agreement, documented by the written program agreements, under which the fractional program aircraft are available, on an as needed basis without crew, to each fractional owner. (5) Special rule relating to use of fractional program aircraft for flight demonstration, maintenance, or training For purposes of subsection (a), a fractional program aircraft shall not be considered to be used for the transportation of a qualified fractional owner, or on account of such qualified fractional owner, when it is used for flight demonstration, maintenance, or crew training. (6) Special rule relating to deadhead service A fractional program aircraft shall not be considered to be used on account of a qualified fractional owner when it is used in deadhead service and a person other than a qualified fractional owner is separately char...

(a) Tax imposed (1) Tax on removal, entry, or sale (A) In general There is hereby imposed a tax at the rate specified in paragraph (2) on— (i) the removal of a taxable fuel from any refinery, (ii) the removal of a taxable fuel from any terminal, (iii) the entry into the United States of any taxable fuel for consumption, use, or warehousing, and (iv) the sale of a taxable fuel to any person who is not registered under section 4101 unless there was a prior taxable removal or entry of such fuel under clause (i), (ii), or (iii). (B) Exemption for bulk transfers to registered terminals or refineries (i) In general The tax imposed by this paragraph shall not apply to any removal or entry of a taxable fuel transferred in bulk by pipeline or vessel to a terminal or refinery if the person removing or entering the taxable fuel, the operator of such pipeline or vessel (except as provided in clause (ii)), and the operator of such terminal or refinery are registered under section 4101. (ii) Nonapplication of registration to vessel operators entering by deep-draft vessel For purposes of clause (i), a vessel operator is not required to be registered with respect to the entry of a taxable fuel transferred in bulk by a vessel described in section 4042(c)(1). (2) Rates of tax (A) In general The rate of the tax imposed by this section is— (i) in the case of gasoline other than aviation gasoline, 18.3 cents per gallon, (ii) in the case of aviation gasoline, 19.3 cents per gallon, and (iii) in the case of diesel fuel or kerosene, 24.3 cents per gallon. (B) Leaking Underground Storage Tank Trust Fund tax The rates of tax specified in subparagraph (A) shall each be increased by 0.1 cent per gallon. The increase in tax under this subparagraph shall in this title be referred to as the Leaking Underground Storage Tank Trust Fund financing rate. (C) Taxes imposed on fuel used in aviation In the case of kerosene which is removed from any refinery or terminal directly into the fuel tank of an aircraft for use in aviation, the rate of tax under subparagraph (A)(iii) shall be— (i) in the case of use for commercial aviation by a person registered for such use under section 4101, 4.3 cents per gallon, and (ii) in the case of use for aviation not described in clause (i), 21.8 cents per gallon. (D) Diesel-water fuel emulsion In the case of diesel-water fuel emulsion at least 14 percent of which is water and with respect to which the emulsion additive is registered by a United States manufacturer with the Environmental Protection Agency pursuant to section 211 of the Clean Air Act (as in effect on March 31, 2003), subparagraph (A)(iii) shall be applied by substituting “19.7 cents” for “24.3 cents”. The preceding sentence shall not apply to the removal, sale, or use of diesel-water fuel emulsion unless the person so removing, selling, or using such fuel is registered under section 4101. (3) Certain refueler trucks, tankers, and tank wagons treated as terminal (A) In general For purposes of paragraph (2)(C), a refueler truck, tanker, or tank wagon shall be treated as part of a terminal if— (i) such terminal is located within an airport, (ii) any kerosene which is loaded in such truck, tanker, or wagon at such terminal is for delivery only into aircraft at the airport in which such terminal is located, (iii) such truck, tanker, or wagon meets the requirements of subparagraph (B) with respect to such terminal, and (iv) except in the case of exigent circumstances identified by the Secretary in regulations, no vehicle registered for highway use is loaded with kerosene at such terminal. (B) Requirements A refueler truck, tanker, or tank wagon meets the requirements of this subparagraph with respect to a terminal if such truck, tanker, or wagon— (i) has storage tanks, hose, and coupling equipment designed and used for the purposes of fueling aircraft, (ii) is not registered for highway use, and (iii) is operated by— (I) the terminal operator of such terminal, or (II)...

(a) Taxable fuel For purposes of this subpart— (1) In general The term “taxable fuel” means— (A) gasoline, (B) diesel fuel, and (C) kerosene. (2) Gasoline The term “gasoline”— (A) includes any gasoline blend, other than qualified methanol or ethanol fuel (as defined in section 4041(b)(2)(B)), partially exempt methanol or ethanol fuel (as defined in section 4041(m)(2)), or a denatured alcohol, and (B) includes, to the extent prescribed in regulations— (i) any gasoline blend stock, and (ii) any product commonly used as an additive in gasoline (other than alcohol). For purposes of subparagraph (B)(i), the term “gasoline blend stock” means any petroleum product component of gasoline. (3) Diesel fuel (A) In general The term “diesel fuel” means— (i) any liquid (other than gasoline) which is suitable for use as a fuel in a diesel-powered highway vehicle, or a diesel-powered train, (ii) transmix, and (iii) diesel fuel blend stocks identified by the Secretary. (B) Transmix For purposes of subparagraph (A), the term “transmix” means a byproduct of refined products pipeline operations created by the mixing of different specification products during pipeline transportation. (b) Commercial aviation For purposes of this subpart, the term “commercial aviation” means any use of an aircraft in a business of transporting persons or property for compensation or hire by air, unless properly allocable to any transportation exempt from the taxes imposed by sections 4261 and 4271 by reason of section 4281 or 4282 or by reason of subsection (h) or (i) of section 4261. Such term shall not include the use of any aircraft before October 1, 2028, if tax is imposed under section 4043 with respect to the fuel consumed in such use or if no tax is imposed on such use under section 4043 by reason of subsection (c)(5) thereof. (c) Certain uses defined as removal If any person uses taxable fuel (other than in the production of taxable fuels or special fuels referred to in section 4041), such use shall for the purposes of this chapter be considered a removal. (d) Administrative authority (1) In general In addition to the authority otherwise granted by this title, the Secretary may in administering compliance with this subpart, section 4041, and penalties and other administrative provisions related thereto— (A) enter any place at which taxable fuel is produced or is stored (or may be stored) for purposes of— (i) examining the equipment used to determine the amount or composition of such fuel and the equipment used to store such fuel, (ii) taking and removing samples of such fuel, and (iii) inspecting any books and records and any shipping papers pertaining to such fuel, and (B) detain, for the purposes referred in subparagraph (A), any container which contains or may contain any taxable fuel. (2) Inspection sites The Secretary may establish inspection sites for purposes of carrying out the Secretary’s authority under paragraph (1)(B). (3) Penalty for refusal of entry (A) Forfeiture The penalty provided by section 7342 shall apply to any refusal to admit entry or other refusal to permit an action by the Secretary authorized by paragraph (1), except that section 7342 shall be applied by substituting “$1,000” for “$500” for each such refusal. (B) Assessable penalty For additional assessable penalty for the refusal to admit entry or other refusal to permit an action by the Secretary authorized by paragraph (1), see section 6717.

(a) In general There is hereby imposed on the amount paid for taxable transportation of any person a tax equal to 7.5 percent of the amount so paid. (b) Domestic segments of taxable transportation (1) In general There is hereby imposed on the amount paid for each domestic segment of taxable transportation by air a tax in the amount of $3.00. (2) Domestic segment For purposes of this section, the term “domestic segment” means any segment consisting of 1 takeoff and 1 landing and which is taxable transportation described in section 4262(a)(1). (3) Changes in segments by reason of rerouting If— (A) transportation is purchased between 2 locations on specified flights, and (B) there is a change in the route taken between such 2 locations which changes the number of domestic segments, but there is no change in the amount charged for such transportation, the tax imposed by paragraph (1) shall be determined without regard to such change in route. (c) Use of international travel facilities (1) In general There is hereby imposed a tax of $12.00 on any amount paid (whether within or without the United States) for any transportation of any person by air, if such transportation begins or ends in the United States. (2) Exception for transportation entirely taxable under subsection (a) This subsection shall not apply to any transportation all of which is taxable under subsection (a) (determined without regard to sections 4281 and 4282). (3) Special rule for Alaska and Hawaii In any case in which the tax imposed by paragraph (1) applies to a domestic segment beginning or ending in Alaska or Hawaii, such tax shall apply only to departures and shall be at the rate of $6. (d) By whom paid Except as provided in section 4263(a), the taxes imposed by this section shall be paid by the person making the payment subject to the tax. (e) Special rules (1) Segments to and from rural airports (A) Exception from segment tax The tax imposed by subsection (b)(1) shall not apply to any domestic segment beginning or ending at an airport which is a rural airport for the calendar year in which such segment begins or ends (as the case may be). (B) Rural airport For purposes of this paragraph, the term “rural airport” means, with respect to any calendar year, any airport if— (i) there were fewer than 100,000 commercial passengers departing by air (in the case of any airport described in clause (ii)(III), on flight segments of at least 100 miles) during the second preceding calendar year from such airport, and (ii) such airport— (I) is not located within 75 miles of another airport which is not described in clause (i), (II) is receiving essential air service subsidies as of the date of the enactment of this paragraph, or (III) is not connected by paved roads to another airport. (2) Amounts paid outside the United States In the case of amounts paid outside the United States for taxable transportation, the taxes imposed by subsections (a) and (b) shall apply only if such transportation begins and ends in the United States. (3) Amounts paid for right to award free or reduced rate air transportation (A) In general Any amount paid (and the value of any other benefit provided) to an air carrier (or any related person) for the right to provide mileage awards for (or other reductions in the cost of) any transportation of persons by air shall be treated for purposes of subsection (a) as an amount paid for taxable transportation, and such amount shall be taxable under subsection (a) without regard to any other provision of this subchapter. (B) Controlled group For purposes of subparagraph (A), a corporation and all wholly owned subsidiaries of such corporation shall be treated as 1 corporation. (C) Regulations The Secretary shall prescribe rules which reallocate items of income, deduction, credit, exclusion, or other allowance to the extent necessary to prevent the avoidance of tax imposed by reason of this paragraph. The Secretary may prescribe rules which exclude from t...

(a) In general There is hereby imposed upon the amount paid within or without the United States for the taxable transportation (as defined in section 4272) of property a tax equal to 6.25 percent of the amount so paid for such transportation. The tax imposed by this subsection shall apply only to amounts paid to a person engaged in the business of transporting property by air for hire. (b) By whom paid (1) In general Except as provided by paragraph (2), the tax imposed by subsection (a) shall be paid by the person making the payment subject to tax. (2) Payments made outside the United States If a payment subject to tax under subsection (a) is made outside the United States and the person making such payment does not pay such tax, such tax— (A) shall be paid by the person to whom the property is delivered in the United States by the person furnishing the last segment of the taxable transportation in respect of which such tax is imposed, and (B) shall be collected by the person furnishing the last segment of such taxable transportation. (c) Determination of amounts paid in certain cases For purposes of this section, in any case in which a person engaged in the business of transporting property by air for hire and one or more other persons not so engaged jointly provide services which include taxable transportation of property, and the person so engaged receives, for the furnishing of such taxable transportation, a portion of the receipts from the joint providing of such services, the amount paid for the taxable transportation shall be treated as being the sum of (1) the portion of the receipts so received, and (2) any expenses incurred by any of the persons not so engaged which are properly attributable to such taxable transportation and which are taken into account in determining the portion of the receipts so received. (d) Application of tax (1) In general The tax imposed by subsection (a) shall apply to— (A) transportation beginning during the period— (i) beginning on the 7th day after the date of the enactment of the Airport and Airway Trust Fund Tax Reinstatement Act of 1997, and (ii) ending on September 30, 2028, and (B) amounts paid during such period for transportation beginning after such period. (2) Refunds If, as of the date any transportation begins, the taxes imposed by this section would not have applied to such transportation if paid for on such date, any tax paid under paragraph (1)(B) with respect to such transportation shall be treated as an overpayment.

(a) Creation of Trust Fund There is established in the Treasury of the United States a trust fund to be known as the “Airport and Airway Trust Fund”, consisting of such amounts as may be appropriated, credited, or paid into the Airport and Airway Trust Fund as provided in this section, section 9503(c)(5), or section 9602(b). (b) Transfers to Airport and Airway Trust Fund There are hereby appropriated to the Airport and Airway Trust Fund amounts equivalent to— (1) the taxes received in the Treasury under— (A) section 4041(c) (relating to aviation fuels), (B) section 4043 (relating to surtax on fuel used in aircraft part of a fractional ownership program), (C) sections 4261 and 4271 (relating to transportation by air), and (D) section 4081 with respect to aviation gasoline and kerosene to the extent attributable to the rate specified in section 4081(a)(2)(C), and (2) the amounts determined by the Secretary of the Treasury to be equivalent to the amounts of civil penalties collected under section 47107(m) of title 49, United States Code. There shall not be taken into account under paragraph (1) so much of the taxes imposed by section 4081 as are determined at the rate specified in section 4081(a)(2)(B). (c) Appropriation of additional sums There are hereby authorized to be appropriated to the Airport and Airway Trust Fund such additional sums as may be required to make the expenditures referred to in subsection (d) of this section. (d) Expenditures from Airport and Airway Trust Fund (1) Airport and airway program Amounts in the Airport and Airway Trust Fund shall be available, as provided by appropriation Acts, for making expenditures before October 1, 2028, to meet those obligations of the United States— (A) incurred under title I of the Airport and Airway Development Act of 1970 or of the Airport and Airway Development Act Amendments of 1976 or of the Aviation Safety and Noise Abatement Act of 1979 or under the Fiscal Year 1981 Airport Development Authorization Act or the provisions of the Airport and Airway Improvement Act of 1982 or the Airport and Airway Safety and Capacity Expansion Act of 1987 or the Federal Aviation Administration Research, Engineering, and Development Authorization Act of 1990 or the Aviation Safety and Capacity Expansion Act of 1990 or the Airport and Airway Safety, Capacity, Noise Improvement, and Intermodal Transportation Act of 1992 or the Airport Improvement Program Temporary Extension Act of 1994 or the Federal Aviation Administration Authorization Act of 1994 or the Federal Aviation Reauthorization Act of 1996 or the provisions of the Omnibus Consolidated and Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1999 providing for payments from the Airport and Airway Trust Fund or the Interim Federal Aviation Administration Authorization Act or section 6002 of the 1999 Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act, Public Law 106–59, or the Wendell H. Ford Aviation Investment and Reform Act for the 21st Century or the Aviation and Transportation Security Act or the Vision 100—Century of Aviation Reauthorization Act or any joint resolution making continuing appropriations for the fiscal year 2008 or the Department of Transportation Appropriations Act, 2008 or the Airport and Airway Extension Act of 2008 or the Federal Aviation Administration Extension Act of 2008 or the Federal Aviation Administration Extension Act of 2008, Part II or the Federal Aviation Administration Extension Act of 2009 or any joint resolution making continuing appropriations for the fiscal year 2010 or the Fiscal Year 2010 Federal Aviation Administration Extension Act or the Fiscal Year 2010 Federal Aviation Administration Extension Act, Part II or the Federal Aviation Administration Extension Act of 2010 or the Airport and Airway Extension Act of 2010 or the Airport and Airway Extension Act of 2010, Part II or the Airline Safety and Federal Aviation Administration Extension Act of 2010 or the Airport and Airway Extension Act of 2010, Pa...

(a) Purpose It is the purpose of this section to establish a Community Health Center Fund (referred to in this section as the “CHC Fund”), to be administered through the Office of the Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services to provide for expanded and sustained national investment in community health centers under section 254b of this title and the National Health Service Corps. (b) Funding There is authorized to be appropriated, and there is appropriated, out of any monies in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, to the CHC Fund— (1) to be transferred to the Secretary of Health and Human Services to provide enhanced funding for the community health center program under section 254b of this title— (A) $1,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2011; (B) $1,200,000,000 for fiscal year 2012; (C) $1,500,000,000 for fiscal year 2013; (D) $2,200,000,000 for fiscal year 2014; (E) $3,600,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2015 through 2017; (F) $3,800,000,000 for fiscal year 2018; (G) $4,000,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023; (H) $4,236,712,328 for fiscal year 2024; (I) $4,295,287,671 for fiscal year 2025; (J) $4,600,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and (K) $1,159,452,055 for the period beginning on October 1, 2026, and ending on December 31, 2026; and (2) to be transferred to the Secretary of Health and Human Services to provide enhanced funding for the National Health Service Corps— (A) $290,000,000 for fiscal year 2011; (B) $295,000,000 for fiscal year 2012; (C) $300,000,000 for fiscal year 2013; (D) $305,000,000 for fiscal year 2014; (E) $310,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2015 through 2017; (F) $310,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2018 and 2019; (G) $310,000,000 for fiscal year 2020; (H) $310,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2021 through 2023; (I) $341,208,605 for fiscal year 2024; (J) $349,736,600 for fiscal year 2025; (K) $350,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and (L) $88,219,178 for the period beginning on October 1, 2026, and ending on December 31, 2026. (c) Construction There is authorized to be appropriated, and there is appropriated, out of any monies in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, $1,500,000,000 to be available for fiscal years 2011 through 2015 to be used by the Secretary of Health and Human Services for the construction and renovation of community health centers. (d) Use of fund The Secretary of Health and Human Services shall transfer amounts in the CHC Fund to accounts within the Department of Health and Human Services to increase funding, over the fiscal year 2008 level, for community health centers and the National Health Service Corps. (e) Availability Amounts appropriated under subsections (b) and (c) shall remain available until expended.

(a) Payments (1) In general Subject to subsection (h)(2), the Secretary shall make payments under this section for direct expenses and indirect expenses to qualified teaching health centers that are listed as sponsoring institutions by the relevant accrediting body for, as appropriate— (A) maintenance of filled positions at existing approved graduate medical residency training programs; (B) expansion of existing approved graduate medical residency training programs; and (C) establishment of new approved graduate medical residency training programs. (2) Per resident amount In making payments under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall consider the cost of training residents at teaching health centers and the implications of the per resident amount on approved graduate medical residency training programs at teaching health centers. (3) Priority In making payments under paragraph (1)(C), the Secretary shall give priority to qualified teaching health centers that— (A) serve a health professional shortage area with a designation in effect under section 254e of this title or a medically underserved community (as defined in section 295p of this title); or (B) are located in a rural area (as defined in section 1395ww(d)(2)(D) of this title). (b) Amount of payments (1) In general Subject to paragraph (2), the amounts payable under this section to qualified teaching health centers for an approved graduate medical residency training program for a fiscal year are each of the following amounts: (A) Direct expense amount The amount determined under subsection (c) for direct expenses associated with sponsoring approved graduate medical residency training programs. (B) Indirect expense amount The amount determined under subsection (d) for indirect expenses associated with the additional costs relating to teaching residents in such programs. (2) Capped amount (A) In general The total of the payments made to qualified teaching health centers under paragraph (1)(A) or paragraph (1)(B) in a fiscal year shall not exceed the amount of funds appropriated under subsection (g) for such payments for that fiscal year. (B) Limitation The Secretary shall limit the funding of full-time equivalent residents in order to ensure the direct and indirect payments as determined under subsection 1 (c) and (d) do not exceed the total amount of funds appropriated in a fiscal year under subsection (g). (C) Addition Notwithstanding any provision of this section, for the period beginning on October 1, 2023, and ending on December 31, 2024, the Secretary may use any amounts made available in any fiscal year to carry out this section (including amounts recouped under subsection (f)) to make payments described in paragraphs (1)(A) and (1)(B), in addition to the total amount of funds appropriated under subsection (g). (c) Amount of payment for direct graduate medical education (1) In general The amount determined under this subsection for payments to qualified teaching health centers for direct graduate expenses relating to approved graduate medical residency training programs for a fiscal year is equal to the product of— (A) the updated national per resident amount for direct graduate medical education, as determined under paragraph (2); and (B) the average number of full-time equivalent residents in the teaching health center’s graduate approved medical residency training programs as determined under section 1395ww(h)(4) of this title (without regard to the limitation under subparagraph (F) of such section) during the fiscal year. (2) Updated national per resident amount for direct graduate medical education The updated per resident amount for direct graduate medical education for a qualified teaching health center for a fiscal year is an amount determined as follows: (A) Determination of qualified teaching health center per resident amount The Secretary shall compute for each individual qualified teaching health center a per resident amount— (i) by dividing the national...

(a) In General.— The Federal Aviation Administration is an administration in the Department of Transportation. (b) Administration Leadership.— (1) Administrator.— (A) In general.— The head of the Administration is the Administrator, who shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. (B) Qualifications.— The Administrator shall— (i) be a citizen of the United States; (ii) not be an active duty member of the Armed Forces; (iii) not have retired from the Armed Forces within the 7 years preceding nomination; and (iv) have experience in organizational management and a field directly related to aviation. (C) Fitness.— In appointing an individual as Administrator, the President shall consider the fitness of such individual to carry out efficiently the duties and powers of the office. (D) Term of office.— The term of office for any individual appointed as Administrator shall be 5 years. (E) Reporting chain.— Except as provided in subsection (f) or in other provisions of law, the Administrator reports directly to the Secretary of Transportation. (2) Deputy administrator.— (A) In general.— The Administrator has a Deputy Administrator, who shall be appointed by the President. (B) Qualifications.— The Deputy Administrator shall— (i) be a citizen of the United States; and (ii) have experience in organizational management and a field directly related to aviation. (C) Fitness.— In appointing an individual as Deputy Administrator, the President shall consider the fitness of the individual to carry out efficiently the duties and powers of the office, including the duty to act for the Administrator when the Administrator is absent or unable to serve, or when the office of Administrator is vacant. (D) Reporting chain.— The Deputy Administrator reports directly to the Administrator. (E) Duties.— The Deputy Administrator shall carry out duties and powers prescribed by the Administrator. (F) Compensation.— (i) Annual rate of basic pay.— The annual rate of basic pay of the Deputy Administrator shall be set by the Secretary but shall not exceed the annual rate of basic pay payable to the Administrator. (ii) Exception.— A retired regular officer of the Armed Forces serving as the Deputy Administrator is entitled to hold a rank and grade not lower than that held when appointed as the Deputy Administrator and may elect to receive— (I) the pay provided for the Deputy Administrator under clause (i); or (II) the pay and allowances or the retired pay of the military grade held. (iii) Reimbursement of expenses.— If the Deputy Administrator elects to receive compensation described in clause (ii)(II), the Administration shall reimburse the appropriate military department from funds available for the expenses of the Administration. (3) Leadership of the administration defined.— In this section, the term “leadership of the Administration” means— (A) the Administrator under paragraph (1); and (B) the Deputy Administrator under paragraph (2). (c) Assistant Administrator for Rulemaking and Regulatory Improvement.— There is an Assistant Administrator for Rulemaking and Regulatory Improvement who shall be appointed by the Administrator and shall— (1) be responsible for developing and managing the execution of a regulatory agenda for the Administration that meets statutory and Administration deadlines, including by— (A) prioritizing rulemaking projects that are necessary to improve safety; (B) establishing the regulatory agenda of the Administration; and (C) coordinating with offices of the Administration, the Department, and other Federal entities as appropriate to improve timely feedback generation and approvals when required by law; (2) not delegate overall responsibility for meeting internal timelines and final completion of the regulatory activities of the Administration outside the Office of the Assistant Administrator for Rulemaking and Regulatory Improvement; (3) on an ongoing basis, review the regulations of the Admi...

(a) In General.— (1) Authorization.— Out of the amounts received by the Federal Aviation Administration credited to the account established under section 45303 of this title or otherwise provided to the Administration, the sum of $50,000,000 for each fiscal year is authorized and shall be made available immediately for obligation and expenditure to carry out the essential air service program under this subchapter. (2) Additional funds.— In addition to amounts authorized under paragraph (1), there is authorized to be appropriated out of the Airport and Airway Trust Fund (established under section 9502 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986) $348,544,000 for fiscal year 2024, $340,000,000 for fiscal year 2025, $342,000,000 for fiscal year 2026, $342,000,000 for fiscal year 2027, and $350,000,000 for fiscal year 2028 to carry out the essential air service program under this subchapter of which not more than $12,000,000 per fiscal year may be used for the marketing incentive program for communities and for State marketing assistance. (3) Authorization for additional employees.— In addition to amounts authorized under paragraphs (1) and (2), there are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary for the Secretary of Transportation to hire and employ 4 additional employees for the office responsible for carrying out the essential air service program. (b) Distribution of Additional Funds.— Notwithstanding any other provision of law, in any fiscal year in which funds credited to the account established under section 45303, including the funds derived from fees imposed under the authority contained in section 45301(a), exceed the $50,000,000 made available under subsection (a)(1), such funds shall be made available immediately for obligation and expenditure to carry out the essential air service program under this subchapter. (c) Availability of Funds.— The funds made available under this section shall remain available until expended.

(a) Small Community Air Service Development Program.— The Secretary of Transportation shall establish a program that meets the requirements of this section for improving air carrier service to airports not receiving sufficient air carrier service. (b) Application Required.— In order to participate in the program established under subsection (a), a community or consortium of communities shall submit an application to the Secretary in such form, at such time, and containing such information as the Secretary may require, including— (1) an assessment of the need of the community or consortium for access, or improved access, to the national air transportation system; and (2) an analysis of the application of the criteria in subsection (c) to that community or consortium. (c) Criteria for Participation.— In selecting communities, or consortia of communities, for participation in the program established under subsection (a), the Secretary shall apply the following criteria: (1) Size.— On the date of submission of the relevant application under subsection (b), the airport serving the community or consortium— (A) is not larger than a small hub airport, as determined using the Department of Transportation’s most recently published classification; and (B) has— (i) insufficient air carrier service; or (ii) unreasonably high air fares. (2) Characteristics.— The airport presents characteristics, such as geographic diversity or unique circumstances, that will demonstrate the need for, and feasibility of, the program established under subsection (a). (3) State limit.— Not more than 4 communities or consortia of communities, or a combination thereof, from the same State may be selected to participate in the program in any fiscal year. (4) Overall limit.— (A) In general.— No more than 40 communities or consortia of communities, or a combination thereof, may be selected to participate in the program in each year for which funds are appropriated for the program. (B) Same projects.— Except as provided in subparagraph (C), no community, consortia of communities, or combination thereof may participate in the program in support of the same project more than once in a 5-year period, but any community, consortia of communities, or combination thereof may apply, subsequent to such participation, to participate in the program in support of a different project at any time. (C) Exception.— The Secretary may waive the limitation under subparagraph (B) related to projects that are the same if the Secretary determines that the community or consortium spent little or no money on its previous project or encountered industry or environmental challenges, due to circumstances that were reasonably beyond the control of the community or consortium. (5) Priorities.— The Secretary shall give priority to communities or consortia of communities where— (A) air fares are higher than the average air fares for all communities; (B) the community has demonstrated support from at least 1 air carrier to provide service; (C) the community or consortium will provide a portion of the cost of the activity to be assisted under the program from local sources other than airport revenues; (D) the community or consortium has established, or will establish, a public-private partnership to facilitate air carrier service to the public; (E) the assistance will provide material benefits to a broad segment of the travelling public, including business, educational institutions, and other enterprises, whose access to the national air transportation system is limited; (F) the assistance will be used to help restore scheduled passenger air service that has been terminated or substantially reduced (as measured by enplanements, capacity (seats), schedule, connections, or routes); (G) the assistance will be used in a timely fashion; and (H) multiple communities cooperate to submit a regional or multistate application to consolidate air service into one regional airport. (d) Types of Assistance.— ...

(a) In General.— The authority of the Secretary of Transportation to provide insurance and reinsurance under any provision of this chapter other than sections 44302a and 44305 is not effective after December 11, 2014. (b) Insurance of United States Government Property.— The authority of the Secretary of Transportation to provide insurance and reinsurance for a department, agency, or instrumentality of the United States Government under section 44305 is not effective after September 30, 2028.

(a) Test Ranges.— (1) In general.— The Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration shall carry out and update, as appropriate, a program for the use of unmanned aircraft system (in this section referred to as UAS) test ranges to— (A) enable a broad variety of development, testing, and evaluation activities related to UAS and associated technologies; and (B) the extent consistent with aviation safety and efficiency, support the safe integration of unmanned aircraft systems into the national airspace system. (2) Designations.— (A) Existing test ranges.— Test ranges designated under this section shall include the 7 test ranges established under the following: (i) Section 332(c) of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012 (49 U.S.C. 40101 note), as in effect on the day before the date of enactment of the FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018 (Public Law 115–254). (ii) Any other test ranges designated pursuant to the amendment made by section 2201(b) of the FAA Extension, Safety, and Security Act of 2016 (49 U.S.C. 40101 note) after the date of enactment of such Act. (B) New test ranges.— If the Administrator finds that it is in the best interest of enabling safe UAS integration into the national airspace system, the Administrator may select and designate as a test range under this section up to 2 additional test ranges in accordance with the requirements of this section through a competitive selection process. (C) Limitation.— Not more than 9 test ranges designated under this section shall be part of the program established under this section at any given time. (3) Eligibility.— Test ranges selected by the Administrator pursuant to (2)(B) shall— (A) be an instrumentality of a State, local, Tribal, or territorial government or other public entity; (B) be approved by the chief executive officer of the State, local, territorial, or Tribal government for the principal place of business of the applicant, prior to seeking designation by the Administrator; (C) undertake and ensure testing and evaluation of innovative concepts, technologies, and operations that will offer new safety benefits, including developing and retaining an advanced aviation industrial base within the United States; and (D) meet any other requirements established by the Administrator. (b) Airspace Requirements.— (1) In general.— In carrying out the program under subsection (a), the Administrator may establish, upon the request of a test range sponsor designated by the Administrator under subsection (a), a restricted area, special use airspace, or other similar type of airspace pursuant to part 73 of title 14, Code of Federal Regulations, for purposes of— (A) accommodating hazardous development, testing, and evaluation activities to inform the safe integration of unmanned aircraft systems into the national airspace system; or (B) other activities authorized by the Administrator pursuant to subsection (f). (2) NEPA review.— The Administrator may require that each test range sponsor designated by the Administrator under subsection (a) provide a draft environmental review consistent with the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.), subject to the supervision of and adoption by the Administrator, with respect to any request for the establishment of a restricted area, special use airspace, or other similar type of airspace under this subsection. (3) Inactive restricted area or special use airspace.— (A) In general.— In the event a restricted area, special use airspace, or other similar type of airspace established under paragraph (1) is not needed to meet the needs of the using agency (as described in subparagraph (B)), any related airspace restrictions, limitations, or designations shall be inactive. (B) Using agency.— For purposes of this subsection, a test range sponsor designated by the Administrator under subsection (a) shall be considered the using agency with respect to a restricted area established by the Administrator under th...

(a) In General.— Notwithstanding any other requirement of this chapter or chapter 447, the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration shall use a risk-based approach to determine how unmanned aircraft systems may operate safely in the national airspace system notwithstanding completion of the comprehensive plan and rulemaking required by section 44802 or the guidance required by section 44806. (b) Assessment of Unmanned Aircraft Systems.— In making the determination under subsection (a), the Administrator shall determine, at a minimum— (1) how such unmanned aircraft systems, if any, as a result of their size, weight, speed, operational capability, proximity to airports and populated areas, operation over people, and operation within or beyond the visual line of sight, or operation during the day or night, do not create a hazard to users of the national airspace system or the public; and (2) whether a certificate under section 44703 or section 44704 of this title, or a certificate of waiver or certificate of authorization, is required for the operation of unmanned aircraft systems identified under paragraph (1) of this subsection. (c) Requirements for Safe Operation.— (1) In general.— In carrying out this section, the Administrator shall establish requirements, or a process to accept proposed requirements, for the safe and efficient operation of unmanned aircraft systems in the national airspace system, including operations related to testing and evaluation of proprietary systems. (2) Expedited exemptions and approvals.— The Administrator shall, taking into account the statutory mandate to ensure safe and efficient use of the national airspace system, issue approvals— (A) to enable low-risk beyond visual line of sight operations, including, at a minimum, package delivery operations, extended visual line of sight operations, or shielded operations within 100 feet of the ground or a structure; or (B) that are aligned with Administration exemptions or approvals that enable beyond visual line of sight operations with the use of acoustics, ground based radar, automatic dependent surveillance–broadcast, and other technological solutions. (3) Treatment of mitigation measures.— To the extent that an operation under this section will be conducted exclusively within the airspace of a Mode C Veil, such operation shall be treated as satisfying the requirements of section 91.113(b) of title 14, Code of Federal Regulations, if the operation employs— (A) automatic dependent surveillance–broadcast in-based detect and avoid capabilities; (B) air traffic control communication and coordination; (C) aeronautical information management systems acceptable to the Administrator, such as notices to air missions, to notify other airspace users of such operations; or (D) any other risk mitigations as set by the Administrator. (4) Rule of construction.— Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to— (A) provide an unmanned aircraft operating pursuant to this section the right of way over a manned aircraft; or (B) limit the authority of the Administrator to impose requirements, conditions, or limitations on operations conducted under this section in order to address safety concerns. (d) Sunset.— The authority under this section for the Secretary to determine if certain unmanned aircraft systems may operate safely in the national airspace system terminates effective September 30, 2033. (e) Authority.— The Administrator may exercise the authorities described in this section, including waiving applicable parts of title 14, Code of Federal Regulations, without initiating a rulemaking or imposing the requirements of part 11 of title 14, Code of Federal Regulations, to the extent consistent with aviation safety.

(a) Coordination.— The Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration shall work with the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Homeland Security, and the heads of other relevant Federal departments and agencies for the purpose of ensuring that technologies or systems that are developed, tested, or deployed by Federal departments and agencies to detect and mitigate potential risks posed by errant or hostile unmanned aircraft system operations do not adversely impact or interfere with safe airport operations, navigation, air traffic services, or the safe and efficient operation of the national airspace system. (b) Plan.— (1) In general.— The Administrator shall develop a plan for the certification, permitting, authorizing, or allowing of the deployment of technologies or systems for the detection and mitigation of unmanned aircraft systems. (2) Contents.— The plan shall provide for the development of policies, procedures, or protocols that will allow appropriate officials of the Federal Aviation Administration to utilize such technologies or systems to take steps to detect and mitigate potential airspace safety risks posed by unmanned aircraft system operations. (3) Aviation rulemaking committee.— The Administrator shall charter an aviation rulemaking committee to make recommendations for such a plan and any standards that the Administrator determines may need to be developed with respect to such technologies or systems. The Federal Advisory Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) 1 shall not apply to an aviation rulemaking committee chartered under this paragraph. (4) Non-delegation.— The plan shall not delegate any authority granted to the Administrator under this section to other Federal, State, local, territorial, or tribal agencies, or an airport sponsor, as defined in section 47102 of title 49, United States Code. (c) Airspace Hazard Mitigation Program.— In order to test and evaluate technologies or systems that detect and mitigate potential aviation safety risks posed by unmanned aircraft, the Administrator shall deploy such technologies or systems at 5 airports, including 1 airport that ranks in the top 10 of the FAA’s most recent Passenger Boarding Data, and any other location the Administrator determines appropriate. (d) Authority.— Under the testing and evaluation in subsection (c), the Administrator shall use unmanned aircraft detection and mitigation systems to detect and mitigate the unauthorized operation of an unmanned aircraft that poses a risk to aviation safety. (e) Aip Funding Eligibility.— Upon the certification, permitting, authorizing, or allowing of such technologies and systems that have been successfully tested under this section, an airport sponsor may apply for a grant under subchapter I of chapter 471 to purchase an unmanned aircraft detection and mitigation system. For purposes of this subsection, purchasing an unmanned aircraft detection and mitigation system shall be considered airport development (as defined in section 47102). (f) Briefing.— The Administrator shall annually brief the appropriate committees of Congress, including the Committee on Judiciary 2 of the House of Representatives and the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate, on the implementation of this section. (g) Applicability of Other Laws.— Section 46502 of this title, section 32 of title 18, United States Code (commonly known as the Aircraft Sabotage Act), section 1031 of title 18, United States Code (commonly known as the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act of 1986),1 sections 2510–2522 of title 18, United States Code (commonly known as the Wiretap Act), and sections 3121–3127 of title 18, United States Code (commonly known as the Pen/Trap Statute), shall not apply to activities authorized by the Administrator pursuant to subsection 3 (c) and (d). (h) Sunset.— This section ceases to be effective September 30, 2028. (i) Non-delegation.— The Administrator shall not delegate any authority granted to the Administrator under this sectio...

(a) General Authority.— To maintain a safe and efficient nationwide system of public-use airports that meets the present and future needs of civil aeronautics, the Secretary of Transportation may make project grants under this subchapter from the Airport and Airway Trust Fund. (b) Incurring Obligations.— The Secretary may incur obligations to make grants from amounts made available under section 48103 of this title as soon as the amounts are apportioned under section 47114(c) and (d)(2) of this title. (c) Expiration of Authority.— After September 30, 2028, the Secretary may not incur obligations under subsection (b) of this section, except for obligations of amounts— (1) remaining available after that date under section 47117(b) of this title; or (2) recovered by the United States Government from grants made under this chapter if the amounts are obligated only for increases under section 47108(b)(2) and (3) of this title in the maximum amount of obligations of the Government for any other grant made under this title.

(a) General Written Assurances.— The Secretary of Transportation may approve a project grant application under this subchapter for an airport development project only if the Secretary receives written assurances, satisfactory to the Secretary, that— (1) the airport will be available for public use on reasonable conditions and without unjust discrimination; (2) air carriers making similar use of the airport will be subject to substantially comparable charges— (A) for facilities directly and substantially related to providing air transportation; and (B) regulations and conditions, except for differences based on reasonable classifications, such as between— (i) tenants and nontenants; and (ii) signatory and nonsignatory carriers; (3) the airport operator will not withhold unreasonably the classification or status of tenant or signatory from an air carrier that assumes obligations substantially similar to those already imposed on air carriers of that classification or status; (4) a person providing, or intending to provide, aeronautical services to the public will not be given an exclusive right to use the airport, with a right given to only one fixed-base operator to provide services at an airport deemed not to be an exclusive right if— (A) the right would be unreasonably costly, burdensome, or impractical for more than one fixed-base operator to provide the services; and (B) allowing more than one fixed-base operator to provide the services would require reducing the space leased under an existing agreement between the one fixed-base operator and the airport owner or operator; (5) fixed-base operators similarly using the airport will be subject to the same charges; (6) an air carrier using the airport may service itself or use any fixed-base operator allowed by the airport operator to service any carrier at the airport; (7) the airport and facilities on or connected with the airport will be operated and maintained suitably, with consideration given to climatic and flood conditions; (8) a proposal to close the airport temporarily for a nonaeronautical purpose must first be approved by the Secretary; (9) appropriate action will be taken to ensure that terminal airspace required to protect instrument and visual operations to the airport (including operations at established minimum flight altitudes) will be cleared and protected by mitigating existing, and preventing future, airport hazards; (10) appropriate action, including the adoption of zoning laws, has been or will be taken to the extent reasonable to restrict the use of land next to or near the airport to uses that are compatible with normal airport operations; (11) each of the airport’s facilities developed with financial assistance from the United States Government and each of the airport’s facilities usable for the landing and taking off of aircraft always will be available without charge for use by Government aircraft in common with other aircraft, except that if the use is substantial, the Government may be charged a reasonable share, proportionate to the use, of the cost of operating and maintaining the facility used; (12) the airport owner or operator will provide, without charge to the Government, property interests of the sponsor in land or water areas or buildings that the Secretary decides are desirable for, and that will be used for, constructing at Government expense, facilities for carrying out activities related to air traffic control or navigation; (13) the airport owner or operator will maintain a schedule of charges for use of facilities and services at the airport— (A) that will make the airport as self-sustaining as possible under the circumstances existing at the airport, including volume of traffic and economy of collection; and (B) without including in the rate base used for the charges the Government’s share of costs for any project for which a grant is made under this subchapter or was made under the Federal Airport Act or the Airport and Airway De...

(a) Definition.— In this section, “amount subject to apportionment” means the amount newly made available under section 48103 of this title for a fiscal year. (b) Apportionment Date.— On the first day of each fiscal year, the Secretary of Transportation shall apportion the amount subject to apportionment for that fiscal year as provided in this section. (c) Amounts Apportioned to Sponsors.— (1) Primary and commercial service airports.— (A) Primary airport apportionment.— The Secretary shall apportion to the sponsor of each primary airport for each fiscal year an amount equal to— (i) $15.60 for each of the first 50,000 passenger boardings at the airport during the prior calendar year; (ii) $10.40 for each of the next 50,000 passenger boardings at the airport during the prior calendar year; (iii) $5.20 for each of the next 400,000 passenger boardings at the airport during the prior calendar year; (iv) $1.30 for each of the next 500,000 passenger boardings at the airport during the prior calendar year; and (v) $1.00 for each additional passenger boarding at the airport during the prior calendar year. (B) Minimum and maximum apportionments.— Not less than $1,300,000 nor more than $22,000,000 may be apportioned under subparagraph (A) to an airport sponsor for a primary airport for each fiscal year. (C) New airport.— Notwithstanding subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall apportion in the first fiscal year following the official opening of a new airport with scheduled passenger air transportation an amount equal to $1,300,000 to the sponsor of such airport. (D) Nonprimary commercial service airport apportionment.— (i) In general.— The Secretary shall apportion to each commercial service airport that is not a primary airport an amount equal to— (I) $60 for each of the first 2,500 passenger boardings at the airport during the prior calendar year; and (II) $153.33 for each of the next 7,499 passenger boardings at the airport during the prior calendar year. (ii) Applicability.— Paragraphs (4) and (5) of subsection (d) shall apply to funds apportioned under this subparagraph. (E) Public airports with military use.— Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a public airport shall be considered a primary airport in each of fiscal years 2025 through 2028 for purposes of this chapter if such airport was— (i) designated as a primary airport in fiscal year 2017; and (ii) in use by an air reserve station in the calendar year used to calculate apportionments to airport sponsors in a fiscal year. (F) Special rule for fiscal year 2024.— Notwithstanding any other provision of this paragraph or the absence of scheduled passenger service at an airport, the Secretary shall apportion in fiscal year 2024 to the sponsor of an airport an amount based on the number of passenger boardings at the airport during whichever of the following years that would result in the highest apportioned amount under this paragraph: (i) Calendar year 2018. (ii) Calendar year 2019. (iii) The prior full calendar year prior to fiscal year 2024. (2) Cargo airports.— (A) Apportionment.— Subject to subparagraph (D), the Secretary shall apportion an amount equal to 4 percent of the amount subject to apportionment each fiscal year to the sponsors of airports served by aircraft providing air transportation of only cargo with a total annual landed weight of more than 25,000,000 pounds. (B) Suballocation formula.— Any funds apportioned under subparagraph (A) to sponsors of airports described in subparagraph (A) shall be allocated among those airports in the proportion that the total annual landed weight of aircraft described in subparagraph (A) landing at each of those airports bears to the total annual landed weight of those aircraft landing at all those airports. (C) Distribution to other airports.— Before apportioning amounts to the sponsors of airports under subparagraph (A) for a fiscal year, the Secretary may set-aside a portion of such amounts for distribution to the sponsors...

(a) Existence and Amounts in Fund.— The Secretary of Transportation has a discretionary fund. The fund consists of— (1) amounts subject to apportionment for a fiscal year that are not apportioned under section 47114(c)–(e) of this title; and (2) 12.5 percent of amounts not apportioned under section 47114 of this title because of section 47114(f). (b) Availability of Amounts.— Subject to subsection (c) of this section and section 47117(e) of this title, the fund is available for making grants for any purpose for which amounts are made available under section 48103 of this title that the Secretary considers most appropriate to carry out this subchapter. (c) Minimum Percentage for Primary and Reliever Airports.— At least 75 percent of the amount in the fund and distributed by the Secretary in a fiscal year shall be used for making grants— (1) to preserve and enhance capacity, safety, and security at primary and reliever airports; and (2) to carry out airport noise compatibility planning and programs at primary and reliever airports. (d) Considerations.— (1) For capacity enhancement projects.— In selecting a project for a grant to preserve and improve capacity funded in whole or in part from the fund, the Secretary shall consider— (A) the effect that the project will have on overall national transportation system capacity; (B) the benefit and cost of the project, including, in the case of a project at a reliever airport, the number of operations projected to be diverted from a primary airport to the reliever airport as a result of the project, as well as the cost savings projected to be realized by users of the local airport system; (C) the financial commitment from non-United States Government sources to preserve or improve airport capacity; (D) the airport improvement priorities of the States to the extent such priorities are not in conflict with subparagraphs (A) and (B); (E) the projected growth in the number of passengers or aircraft that will be using the airport at which the project will be carried out; and (F) the ability of the project to foster United States competitiveness in securing global air cargo activity at a United States airport. (2) For all projects.— In selecting a project for a grant under this section, the Secretary shall consider among other factors whether— (A) funding has been provided for all other projects qualifying for funding during the fiscal year under this chapter that have attained a higher score under the numerical priority system employed by the Secretary in administering the fund; and (B) the sponsor will be able to commence the work identified in the project application in the fiscal year in which the grant is made or within 6 months after the grant is made, whichever is later. (e) Waiving Percentage Requirement.— If the Secretary decides the Secretary cannot comply with the percentage requirement of subsection (c) of this section in a fiscal year because there are insufficient qualified grant applications to meet that percentage, the amount the Secretary determines will not be distributed as required by subsection (c) is available for obligation during the fiscal year without regard to the requirement. (f) Consideration of Diversion of Revenues in Awarding Discretionary Grants.— (1) General rule.— Subject to paragraph (2), in deciding whether or not to distribute funds to an airport from the discretionary funds established by subsection (a) of this section and section 47116 of this title, the Secretary shall consider as a factor militating against the distribution of such funds to the airport the fact that the airport is using revenues generated by the airport or by local taxes on aviation fuel for purposes other than capital or operating costs of the airport or the local airports system or other local facilities which are owned or operated by the owner or operator of the airport and directly and substantially related to the actual air transportation of passengers or property. (2) Require...

(a) In General.— The Secretary of Transportation may make grants, from amounts set aside under section 47117(e)(1)(A), to States and units of local government for development and implementation of land use compatibility plans and implementation of land use compatibility projects resulting from those plans for the purposes of making the use of land areas around large hub airports and medium hub airports compatible with aircraft operations. The Secretary may make a grant under this section for a land use compatibility plan or a project resulting from such plan only if— (1) the airport operator has not submitted a noise compatibility program to the Secretary under section 47504 or has not updated such program within the preceding 10 years; and (2) the land use plan or project meets the requirements of this section. (b) Eligibility.— In order to receive a grant under this section, a State or unit of local government must— (1) have the authority to plan and adopt land use control measures, including zoning, in the planning area in and around a large or medium hub airport; (2) enter into an agreement with the airport owner or operator that the development of the land use compatibility plan will be done cooperatively; and (3) provide written assurance to the Secretary that it will achieve, to the maximum extent possible, compatible land uses consistent with Federal land use compatibility criteria under section 47502(3) and that those compatible land uses will be maintained. (c) Assurances.— The Secretary shall require a State or unit of local government to which a grant may be made under this section for a land use plan or a project resulting from such plan to provide— (1) assurances satisfactory to the Secretary that the plan— (A) is reasonably consistent with the goal of reducing existing noncompatible land uses and preventing the introduction of additional noncompatible land uses; (B) addresses ways to achieve and maintain compatible land uses, including zoning, building codes, and any other land use compatibility measures under section 47504(a)(2) that are within the authority of the State or unit of local government to implement; (C) uses noise contours provided by the airport operator that are consistent with the airport operation and planning, including any noise abatement measures adopted by the airport operator as part of its own noise mitigation efforts; (D) does not duplicate, and is not inconsistent with, the airport operator’s noise compatibility measures for the same area; and (E) has been approved jointly by the airport owner or operator and the State or unit of local government; and (2) such other assurances as the Secretary determines to be necessary to carry out this section. (d) Guidelines.— The Secretary shall establish guidelines to administer this section in accordance with the purposes and conditions described in this section. The Secretary may require a State or unit of local government to which a grant may be made under this section to provide progress reports and other information as the Secretary determines to be necessary to carry out this section. (e) Eligible Projects.— The Secretary may approve a grant under this section to a State or unit of local government for a project resulting from a land use compatibility plan only if the Secretary is satisfied that the project is consistent with the guidelines established by the Secretary under this section, the State or unit of local government has provided the assurances required by this section, the State or unit of local government has implemented (or has made provision to implement) those elements of the plan that are not eligible for Federal financial assistance, and that the project is not inconsistent with applicable Federal Aviation Administration standards. (f) Sunset.— This section shall not be in effect after May 10, 2024.

(a) In General.— The Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration may carry out a pilot program to support non-Federal acquisition and installation of qualifying non-movement area surveillance surface display systems and sensors if— (1) the Administrator determines that such systems and sensors would improve safety or capacity in the National Airspace System; and (2) the non-movement area surveillance surface display systems and sensors supplement existing movement area systems and sensors at the selected airports established under other programs administered by the Administrator. (b) Project Grants.— (1) In general.— For purposes of carrying out the pilot program, the Administrator may make a project grant out of funds apportioned under paragraph (1) or paragraph (2) of section 47114(c) to not more than 5 eligible sponsors to acquire and install qualifying non-movement area surveillance surface display systems and sensors. The airports selected to participate in the pilot program shall have existing Administration movement area systems and airlines that are participants in Federal Aviation Administration’s airport collaborative decision-making process. (2) Data exchange processes.— As part of the pilot program carried out under this section, the Administrator may establish data exchange processes to allow airport participation in the Administration’s airport collaborative decision-making process and fusion of the non-movement surveillance data with the Administration’s movement area systems. (c) Sunset.— This section shall cease to be effective on October 1, 2028. (d) Definitions.— In this section: (1) Non-movement area.— The term “non-movement area” means the portion of the airfield surface that is not under the control of air traffic control. (2) Non-movement area surveillance surface display systems and sensors.— The term “non-movement area surveillance surface display systems and sensors” means a non-Federal surveillance system that uses on-airport sensors that track vehicles or aircraft that are equipped with transponders in the non-movement area. (3) Qualifying non-movement area surveillance surface display system and sensors.— The term “qualifying non-movement area surveillance surface display system and sensors” means a non-movement area surveillance surface display system that— (A) provides the required transmit and receive data formats consistent with the National Airspace System architecture at the appropriate service delivery point; (B) is on-airport; and (C) is airport operated.

(a) General Authorization of Appropriations.— Not more than a total of the following amounts may be appropriated to the Secretary of Transportation out of the Airport and Airway Trust Fund established under section 9502 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 9502) to acquire, establish, and improve air navigation facilities under section 44502(a)(1)(A) of this title: (1) $3,191,250,000 for fiscal year 2024. (2) $3,575,000,000 for fiscal year 2025. (3) $3,625,000,000 for fiscal year 2026. (4) $3,675,000,000 for fiscal year 2027. (5) $3,725,000,000 for fiscal year 2028. (b) Availability of Amounts.— Amounts appropriated under this section remain available until expended. (c) Authorized Expenditures.— Of the amounts appropriated under subsection (a), such sums as may be necessary may be used for the following: (1) The implementation and use of upgrades to the current automated surface observation system/automated weather observing system, if the upgrade is successfully demonstrated. (2) The acquisition and construction of remote towers (as defined in section 161 of the FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018). (3) The remediation and elimination of identified cybersecurity vulnerabilities in the air traffic control system. (4) The construction of facilities dedicated to improving the cybersecurity of the National Airspace System. (5) Systems associated with the Data Communications program. (6) The infrastructure, sustainment, and the elimination of the deferred maintenance backlog of air navigation facilities and other facilities for which the Federal Aviation Administration is responsible. (7) The modernization and digitization of the Civil Aviation Registry. (8) The construction of necessary Priority 1 National Airspace System facilities. (9) Cost-beneficial construction, rehabilitation, or retrofitting programs designed to reduce Federal Aviation Administration facility operating costs. (d) Life-Cycle Cost Estimates.— The Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration shall establish life-cycle cost estimates for any air traffic control modernization project the total life-cycle costs of which equal or exceed $50,000,000.

(a) Authorization of Appropriations.— Not more than the following amounts may be appropriated to the Secretary of Transportation out of the Airport and Airway Trust Fund established under section 9502 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (26 U.S.C. 9502) for conducting civil aviation research and development under sections 44504, 44505, 44507, 44509, and 44511–44513 of this title: (1) for fiscal year 2004, $346,317,000, including— (A) $65,000,000 for Improving Aviation Safety; (B) $24,000,000 for Weather Safety Research; (C) $27,500,000 for Human Factors and Aeromedical Research; (D) $30,000,000 for Environmental Research and Development, of which $20,000,000 shall be for research activities related to reducing community exposure to civilian aircraft noise or emissions; (E) $7,000,000 for Research Mission Support; (F) $10,000,000 for the Airport Cooperative Research Program; (G) $1,500,000 for carrying out subsection (h) of this section; (H) $42,800,000 for Advanced Technology Development and Prototyping; (I) $30,300,000 for Safe Flight 21; (J) $90,800,000 for the Center for Advanced Aviation System Development; (K) $9,667,000 for Airports Technology-Safety; and (L) $7,750,000 for Airports Technology-Efficiency; (2) for fiscal year 2005, $356,192,000, including— (A) $65,705,000 for Improving Aviation Safety; (B) $24,260,000 for Weather Safety Research; (C) $27,800,000 for Human Factors and Aeromedical Research; (D) $30,109,000 for Environmental Research and Development, of which $20,000,000 shall be for research activities related to reducing community exposure to civilian aircraft noise or emissions; (E) $7,076,000 for Research Mission Support; (F) $10,000,000 for the Airport Cooperative Research Program; (G) $1,650,000 for carrying out subsection (h) of this section; (H) $43,300,000 for Advanced Technology Development and Prototyping; (I) $31,100,000 for Safe Flight 21; (J) $95,400,000 for the Center for Advanced Aviation System Development; (K) $2,200,000 for Free Flight Phase 2; (L) $9,764,000 for Airports Technology-Safety; and (M) $7,828,000 for Airports Technology-Efficiency; (3) for fiscal year 2006, $352,157,000, including— (A) $66,447,000 for Improving Aviation Safety; (B) $24,534,000 for Weather Safety Research; (C) $28,114,000 for Human Factors and Aeromedical Research; (D) $30,223,000 for Environmental Research and Development, of which $20,000,000 shall be for research activities related to reducing community exposure to civilian aircraft noise or emissions; (E) $7,156,000 for Research Mission Support; (F) $10,000,000 for the Airport Cooperation Research Program; (G) $1,815,000 for carrying out subsection (h) of this section; (H) $42,200,000 for Advanced Technology Development and Prototyping; (I) $23,900,000 for Safe Flight 21; (J) $100,000,000 for the Center for Advanced Aviation System Development; (K) $9,862,000 for Airports Technology-Safety; and (L) $7,906,000 for Airports Technology-Efficiency; (4) for fiscal year 2007, $356,261,000, including— (A) $67,244,000 for Improving Aviation Safety; (B) $24,828,000 for Weather Safety Research; (C) $28,451,000 for Human Factors and Aeromedical Research; (D) $30,586,000 for Environmental Research and Development, of which $20,000,000 shall be for research activities related to reducing community exposure to civilian aircraft noise or emissions; (E) $7,242,000 for Research Mission Support; (F) $10,000,000 for the Airport Cooperation Research Program; (G) $1,837,000 for carrying out subsection (h) of this section; (H) $42,706,000 for Advanced Technology Development and Prototyping; (I) $24,187,000 for Safe Flight 21; (J) $101,200,000 for the Center for Advanced Aviation System Development; (K) $9,980,000 for Airports Technology-Safety; and (L) $8,000,000 for Airports Technology-Efficiency; (5) $171,000,000 for fiscal year 2009; (6) $190,500,000 for fiscal year 2010; (7) $170,000,000 for fiscal year 2011; (8) $168,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2012 through 2015; (...

(a) In General.— There shall be available to the Secretary of Transportation out of the Airport and Airway Trust Fund established under section 9502 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to make grants for airport planning and airport development under section 47104, airport noise compatibility planning under section 47505(a)(2), and carrying out noise compatibility programs under section 47504(c)— (1) $3,350,000,000 for fiscal year 2018; (2) $3,350,000,000 for fiscal year 2019; (3) $3,350,000,000 for fiscal year 2020; (4) $3,350,000,000 for fiscal year 2021; (5) $3,350,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; (6) $3,350,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; (7) $3,350,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; (8) $4,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; (9) $4,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; (10) $4,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2027; and (11) $4,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2028. (b) Availability of Amounts.— Amounts made available under subsection (a) shall remain available until expended.

To sustain the aviation weather reporting programs of the Federal Aviation Administration, the Secretary of Transportation may expend from amounts available under section 48104 of this title not more than the following amounts: (1) for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1993, $35,596,000. (2) for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1994, $37,800,000. (3) for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1995, $39,000,000. (4) $39,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023. (5) $60,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2024 through 2028.

(a) Applications.— (1) A person may apply to the Secretary of Transportation for a license or transfer of a license under this chapter in the form and way the Secretary prescribes. Consistent with the public health and safety, safety of property, and national security and foreign policy interests of the United States, the Secretary, not later than 180 days after accepting an application in accordance with criteria established pursuant to subsection (b)(2)(D),1 shall issue or transfer a license if the Secretary decides in writing that the applicant complies, and will continue to comply, with this chapter and regulations prescribed under this chapter. The Secretary shall inform the applicant of any pending issue and action required to resolve the issue if the Secretary has not made a decision not later than 120 days after accepting an application in accordance with criteria established pursuant to subsection (b)(2)(D).1 The Secretary shall transmit to the Committee on Science of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate a written notice not later than 30 days after any occurrence when the Secretary has not taken action on a license application within the deadline established by this subsection. (2) In carrying out paragraph (1), the Secretary may establish procedures for safety approvals of launch vehicles, reentry vehicles, safety systems, processes, services, or personnel (including approval procedures for the purpose of protecting the health and safety of crew, government astronauts, and space flight participants, to the extent permitted by subsections (b) and (c)) that may be used in conducting licensed commercial space launch or reentry activities. (b) Requirements.— (1) Except as provided in this subsection, all requirements of the laws of the United States applicable to the launch of a launch vehicle or the operation of a launch site or a reentry site, or the reentry of a reentry vehicle, are requirements for a license or permit under this chapter. (2) The Secretary may prescribe— (A) any term necessary to ensure compliance with this chapter, including on-site verification that a launch, operation, or reentry complies with representations stated in the application; (B) any additional requirement necessary to protect the public health and safety, safety of property, national security interests, and foreign policy interests of the United States; (C) by regulation that a requirement of a law of the United States not be a requirement for a license or permit if the Secretary, after consulting with the head of the appropriate executive agency, decides that the requirement is not necessary to protect the public health and safety, safety of property, and national security and foreign policy interests of the United States; (D) additional license requirements, for a launch vehicle carrying a human being for compensation or hire, necessary to protect the health and safety of crew, government astronauts, or space flight participants, only if such requirements are imposed pursuant to final regulations issued in accordance with subsection (c); and (E) regulations establishing criteria for accepting or rejecting an application for a license or permit under this chapter within 60 days after receipt of such application. (3) The Secretary may waive a requirement, including the requirement to obtain a license, for an individual applicant if the Secretary decides that the waiver is in the public interest and will not jeopardize the public health and safety, safety of property, and national security and foreign policy interests of the United States. The Secretary may not grant a waiver under this paragraph that would permit the launch or reentry of a launch vehicle or a reentry vehicle without a license or permit if a human being will be on board. (4) The holder of a license or a permit under this chapter may launch or reenter crew only if— (A) the crew has received training and h...