United States 119th Congress Status: In Committee Bipartisan · 42 D · 1 I cosponsors

S 1531 — Assault Weapons Ban of 2025

Last action — Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

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  1. ✓
    Introduced
  2. 2
    In Committee
  3. 3
    Passed Senate
  4. 4
    Passed House
  5. 5
    To Executive
  6. 6
    Enacted

This bill is in committee in the Senate. Introduced April 30, 2025. It must pass committee before a floor vote.

Next likely step: a committee vote, then a floor vote in the Senate.

Prognosis

Advancing 42% · moderate confidence

Where this bill stands today.

Odds of enactment

Low

How often bills like it became law.

  • In Committee

    Current position in the legislative process.

  • 43 sponsors

    1 primary, 42 co-sponsors signed on.

  • Bipartisan support

    Sponsored across 2 parties (42 D · 1 I) — cross-party backing.

Prognosis reads this bill's own signals — stage, sponsorship breadth, committee status, recorded votes and cross-state momentum. Odds come from a model trained on which bills have become law.

Summary

Assault Weapons Ban of 2025This bill makes it a crime to knowingly import, sell, manufacture, transfer, or possess a semiautomatic assault weapon (SAW) or large capacity ammunition feeding device (LCAFD).The prohibition does not apply to a firearm that is (1) manually operated by bolt, pump, lever, or slide action, except for certain shotguns; (2) permanently inoperable; (3) an antique; (4) only capable of firing rimfire ammunition; or (5) a rifle or shotgun specifically identified by make and model.The bill also exempts from the prohibition the following, with respect to a SAW or LCAFD:importation, sale, manufacture, transfer, or possession related to certain law enforcement efforts, or authorized tests or experiments;importation, sale, transfer, or possession related to securing nuclear materials; andpossession by a retired law enforcement officer.The bill permits continued possession, sale, or transfer of a grandfathered SAW, which must be securely stored. A licensed gun dealer must conduct a background check prior to the sale or transfer of a grandfathered SAW between private parties.The bill permits continued possession of, but prohibits sale or transfer of, a grandfathered LCAFD.Newly manufactured LCAFDs must display serial number identification. Newly manufactured SAWs and LCAFDs must display the date of manufacture.The bill also allows a state or local government to use Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant Program funds to compensate individuals who surrender a SAW or LCAFD under a buy-back program.

Bill Text

How this bill changes current law

5 changes Share ↗

Compared against current U.S. Code AI-generated reading aid — verify against the official bill.

The bill adds definitions related to semiautomatic firearms and accessories, specifically outlining characteristics that classify certain firearms as assault weapons.

  • 18 U.S.C. § 921(a)

    The term 'semiautomatic pistol' means any repeating pistol that-- (A) utilizes a portion of the energy of a firing cartridge to extract the fired cartridge case and chamber the next round; and (B) requires a separate pull of the trigger to fire each cartridge.

    This establishes a clear definition for semiautomatic pistols.

  • 18 U.S.C. § 921(a)

    The term 'semiautomatic shotgun' means any repeating shotgun that-- (A) utilizes a portion of the energy of a firing shell to extract the fired shell casing and chamber the next round; and (B) requires a separate pull of the trigger to fire each shell.

    This establishes a clear definition for semiautomatic shotguns.

  • 18 U.S.C. § 921(a)

    The term 'semiautomatic assault weapon' means any of the following, regardless of country of manufacture or caliber of ammunition accepted: (A) A semiautomatic rifle that-- (i) has the capacity to accept a detachable ammunition feeding device; and (ii) has any 1 of the following: (I) A pistol grip. (II) A forward grip. (III) A folding, telescoping, or detachable stock, or a stock that is otherwise foldable or adjustable in a manner that operates to reduce the length, size, or any other dimension, or otherwise enhances the concealability, of the weapon. (IV) A grenade launcher. (V) A barrel shroud. (VI) A threaded barrel.

    This introduces a comprehensive definition for what constitutes a semiautomatic assault weapon.

  • 18 U.S.C. § 921(a)

    The term 'large capacity ammunition feeding device' means a magazine, belt, drum, feed strip, or similar device, including any such device joined or coupled with another in any manner, that has an overall capacity of, or that can be readily restored, changed, or converted to accept, more than 10 rounds of ammunition; and does not include an attached tubular device designed to accept, and capable of operating only with, .22 caliber rimfire ammunition.

    This clarifies the definition of large capacity ammunition feeding devices.

  • 18 U.S.C. § 921(a)

    The term 'barrel shroud'-- (A) means a shroud that is attached to, or partially or completely encircles, the barrel of a firearm so that the shroud protects the user of the firearm from heat generated by the barrel; and (B) does not include-- (i) a slide that partially or completely encloses the barrel; or (ii) an extension of the stock along the bottom of the barrel which does not encircle or substantially encircle the barrel.

    This adds a specific definition for barrel shrouds, distinguishing them from other components.

Action History

  1. Introduced in Senate

  2. Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.

Sponsors

Sponsorship breakdown

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1 sponsors · 42 co-sponsors · 504 not signed on

Sponsors (1)

Co-sponsors (42)

Not signed on (504)

504 members have not signed on to this bill.

Show all 504 →

"Not signed on" means a member has not sponsored or co-sponsored this bill — it does not imply opposition. Members flagged Voted No have a recorded No vote on this bill.

Whip count is in markup. Polling the chamber and every recorded vote this session. Only the first open is slow. It’s instant for you after this. Calling the roll · Tallying · Engrossing

Subjects

public-safety civil-rights
Cross-referencing the record. Reading this bill against every other bill in the corpus by meaning, not keywords. Only the first open is slow. It’s instant for you after this. Matching · Ranking · Engrossing

Frequently asked questions

What does S 1531 do?
Assault Weapons Ban of 2025This bill makes it a crime to knowingly import, sell, manufacture, transfer, or possess a semiautomatic assault weapon (SAW) or large capacity ammunition feeding device (LCAFD).The prohibition does not apply to a firearm that is (1) manually operated by bolt, pump, lever, or slide action, except for certain shotguns; (2) permanently inoperable; (3) an antique; (4) only capable of firing rimfire ammunition; or (5) a rifle or shotgun specifically identified by make and model.The bill also exempts from the prohibition the following, with respect to a SAW or LCAFD:importation, sale, manufacture, transfer, or possession related to certain law enforcement efforts, or authorized tests or experiments;importation, sale, transfer, or possession related to securing nuclear materials; andpossession by a retired law enforcement officer.The bill permits continued possession, sale, or transfer of a grandfathered SAW, which must be securely stored. A licensed gun dealer must conduct a background check prior to the sale or transfer of a grandfathered SAW between private parties.The bill permits continued possession of, but prohibits sale or transfer of, a grandfathered LCAFD.Newly manufactured LCAFDs must display serial number identification. Newly manufactured SAWs and LCAFDs must display the date of manufacture.The bill also allows a state or local government to use Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant Program funds to compensate individuals who surrender a SAW or LCAFD under a buy-back program.
Who sponsors S 1531?
S 1531 is sponsored by Schiff, Adam B. (Democratic), Murphy, Christopher (Democratic), Blumenthal, Richard (Democratic), Padilla, Alex (Democratic), Alsobrooks, Angela D. (Democratic), Baldwin, Tammy (Democratic), Bennet, Michael F. (Democratic), Blunt Rochester, Lisa (Democratic), Booker, Cory A. (Democratic), Cantwell, Maria (Democratic), Coons, Christopher A. (Democratic), Duckworth, Tammy (Democratic), Durbin, Richard J. (Democratic), Fetterman, John (Democratic), Gallego, Ruben (Democratic), Gillibrand, Kirsten E. (Democratic), Hassan, Margaret Wood (Democratic), Hickenlooper, John W. (Democratic), Hirono, Mazie K. (Democratic), Kaine, Tim (Democratic), Kim, Andy (Democratic), Klobuchar, Amy (Democratic), Luján, Ben Ray (Democratic), Markey, Edward J. (Democratic), Merkley, Jeff (Democratic), Murray, Patty (Democratic), Peters, Gary C. (Democratic), Reed, Jack (Democratic), Rosen, Jacky (Democratic), Sanders, Bernard (Independent), Schumer, Charles E. (Democratic), Shaheen, Jeanne (Democratic), Slotkin, Elissa (Democratic), Smith, Tina (Democratic), Van Hollen, Chris (Democratic), Warner, Mark R. (Democratic), Warnock, Raphael G. (Democratic), Warren, Elizabeth (Democratic), Welch, Peter (Democratic), Whitehouse, Sheldon (Democratic), Wyden, Ron (Democratic), Ossoff, Jon (Democratic), and Schatz, Brian (Democratic).
What is the current status of S 1531?
This bill is in committee in the Senate. Introduced April 30, 2025. It must pass committee before a floor vote.
Where can I track S 1531?
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