HR 2754 — Protecting Military Installations and Ranges Act of 2025

(a) Establishment.— (1) The Secretary of Defense shall establish a Military Aviation and Installation Assurance Siting Clearinghouse (in this section referred to as the “Clearinghouse”). (2) The Clearinghouse shall be— (A) organized under the authority, direction, and control of an Assistant Secretary of Defense designated by the Secretary; and (B) assigned such personnel and resources as the Secretary considers appropriate to carry out this section. (b) Functions.— (1) The Clearinghouse shall coordinate Department of Defense review of applications for energy projects or antenna structure projects filed with the Secretary of Transportation pursuant to section 44718 of title 49 and received by the Department of Defense from the Secretary of Transportation. In performing such coordination, the Clearinghouse shall provide procedures to ensure affected local military installations are consulted. (2) The Clearinghouse shall accelerate the development of planning tools necessary to determine the acceptability to the Department of Defense of proposals included in an application for an energy project or antenna structure project submitted pursuant to such section. (3) The Clearinghouse shall perform such other functions as the Secretary of Defense assigns. (c) Review of Proposed Actions.— (1) Not later than 75 days after receiving from the Secretary of Transportation a proper application for an energy project or antenna structure project under section 44718 of title 49 that may have an adverse impact on military operations and readiness, the Clearinghouse shall conduct a preliminary review of such application. The review shall— (A) assess the likely scope, duration, and level of risk of any adverse impact of such energy project or antenna structure project on military operations and readiness; and (B) identify any feasible and affordable actions that could be taken by the Department, the developer of such energy project or antenna structure project, or others to mitigate the adverse impact and to minimize risks to national security while allowing the energy project or antenna structure project to proceed with development. (2) (A) If the Clearinghouse finds under paragraph (1) that an energy project or antenna structure project will have an adverse impact on military operations and readiness, the Clearinghouse shall issue to the applicant a notice of presumed risk that describes the concerns identified by the Department in the preliminary review and requests a discussion of possible mitigation actions. (B) After the Clearinghouse issues a notice under subparagraph (A) with respect to an energy project or antenna structure project, the parties should seek to identify feasible and affordable actions that can be taken by the Department, the developer of such energy project or antenna structure project, or others to mitigate any adverse impact on military operations and readiness. (C) A notice of presumed risk issued under subparagraph (A) is a preliminary assessment only and does not represent a formal objection pursuant to subsection (e). Discussions of possible mitigation actions under such subparagraph could favorably resolve any concerns identified in the notice of presumed risk. (3) At the same time that the Clearinghouse issues to the applicant a notice of presumed risk under paragraph (2), the Clearinghouse shall provide the same notice to the governor of the State in which the project is located and request that the governor provide the Clearinghouse any comments the governor believes of relevance to the application. The Clearinghouse shall ensure that a governor has at least 30 days after the date on which the governor receives the notice of presumed risk to provide any such comments and shall provide detailed information and other information necessary to ensure that the governor can fully understand the nature of the presumed risk. The Secretary of Defense shall consider the comments of the governor in the Secretary’s evalua...

(a) Notice.— By regulation or by order when necessary, the Secretary of Transportation shall require a person to give adequate public notice, in the form and way the Secretary prescribes, of the construction, alteration, establishment, or expansion, or the proposed construction, alteration, establishment, or expansion, of a structure or sanitary landfill when the notice will promote— (1) safety in air commerce; (2) the efficient use and preservation of the navigable airspace and of airport traffic capacity at public-use airports; or (3) the interests of national security, as determined by the Secretary of Defense. (b) Studies.— (1) In general.— Under regulations prescribed by the Secretary, if the Secretary decides that constructing or altering a structure may result in an obstruction of the navigable airspace, an interference with air or space navigation facilities and equipment or the navigable airspace, or, after consultation with the Secretary of Defense, an adverse impact on military operations and readiness, the Secretary of Transportation shall conduct an aeronautical study to decide the extent of any adverse impact on the safe and efficient use of the airspace, facilities, or equipment. In conducting the study, the Secretary shall— (A) consider factors relevant to the efficient and effective use of the navigable airspace, including— (i) the impact on arrival, departure, and en route procedures for aircraft operating under visual flight rules; (ii) the impact on arrival, departure, and en route procedures for aircraft operating under instrument flight rules; (iii) the impact on existing public-use airports and aeronautical facilities; (iv) the impact on planned public-use airports and aeronautical facilities; (v) the cumulative impact resulting from the proposed construction or alteration of a structure when combined with the impact of other existing or proposed structures; (vi) the impact on launch and reentry for launch and reentry vehicles arriving or departing from a launch site or reentry site licensed by the Secretary of Transportation; and (vii) other factors relevant to the efficient and effective use of navigable airspace; and (B) include the finding made by the Secretary of Defense under subsection (f). (2) Report.— On completing the study, the Secretary of Transportation shall issue a report disclosing the extent of the— (A) adverse impact on the safe and efficient use of the navigable airspace that the Secretary finds will result from constructing or altering the structure; and (B) unacceptable risk to the national security of the United States, as determined by the Secretary of Defense under subsection (f). (3) Severability.— A determination by the Secretary of Transportation on hazard to air navigation under this section shall remain independent of a determination of unacceptable risk to the national security of the United States by the Secretary of Defense under subsection (f). (c) Broadcast Applications and Tower Studies.— In carrying out laws related to a broadcast application and conducting an aeronautical study related to broadcast towers, the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration and the Federal Communications Commission shall take action necessary to coordinate efficiently— (1) the receipt and consideration of, and action on, the application; and (2) the completion of any associated aeronautical study. (d) Limitation on Construction of Landfills.— (1) In general.— No person shall construct or establish a municipal solid waste landfill (as defined in section 258.2 of title 40, Code of Federal Regulations, as in effect on the date of the enactment of this subsection) that receives putrescible waste (as defined in section 257.3–8 of such title) within 6 miles of a public airport that has received grants under chapter 471 and is primarily served by general aviation aircraft and regularly scheduled flights of aircraft designed for 60 passengers or less unless the State aviation agency o...

(a) Definitions In this section: (1) Clarification The term “national security” shall be construed so as to include those issues relating to “homeland security”, including its application to critical infrastructure. (2) Committee; chairperson The terms “Committee” and “chairperson” mean the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States and the chairperson thereof, respectively. (3) Control The term “control” means the power, direct or indirect, whether exercised or not exercised, to determine, direct, or decide important matters affecting an entity, subject to regulations prescribed by the Committee. (4) Covered transaction (A) In general Except as otherwise provided, the term “covered transaction” means— (i) any transaction described in subparagraph (B)(i); and (ii) any transaction described in clauses (ii) through (v) of subparagraph (B) that is proposed, pending, or completed on or after the effective date set forth in section 1727 of the Foreign Investment Risk Review Modernization Act of 2018. (B) Transactions described A transaction described in this subparagraph is any of the following: (i) Any merger, acquisition, or takeover that is proposed or pending after August 23, 1988, by or with any foreign person that could result in foreign control of any United States business, including such a merger, acquisition, or takeover carried out through a joint venture. (ii) Subject to subparagraphs (C) and (E), the purchase or lease by, or a concession to, a foreign person of private or public real estate that— (I) is located in the United States; (II) (aa) is, is located within, or will function as part of, an air or maritime port; or (bb) (AA) is in close proximity to a United States military installation or another facility or property of the United States Government that is sensitive for reasons relating to national security; (BB) could reasonably provide the foreign person the ability to collect intelligence on activities being conducted at such an installation, facility, or property; or (CC) could otherwise expose national security activities at such an installation, facility, or property to the risk of foreign surveillance; and (III) meets such other criteria as the Committee prescribes by regulation, except that such criteria may not expand the categories of real estate to which this clause applies beyond the categories described in subclause (II). (iii) Any other investment, subject to regulations prescribed under subparagraphs (D) and (E), by a foreign person in any unaffiliated United States business that— (I) owns, operates, manufactures, supplies, or services critical infrastructure; (II) produces, designs, tests, manufactures, fabricates, or develops one or more critical technologies; or (III) maintains or collects sensitive personal data of United States citizens that may be exploited in a manner that threatens national security. (iv) Any change in the rights that a foreign person has with respect to a United States business in which the foreign person has an investment, if that change could result in— (I) foreign control of the United States business; or (II) an investment described in clause (iii). (v) Any other transaction, transfer, agreement, or arrangement, the structure of which is designed or intended to evade or circumvent the application of this section, subject to regulations prescribed by the Committee. (C) Real estate transactions (i) Exception for certain real estate transactions A real estate purchase, lease, or concession described in subparagraph (B)(ii) does not include a purchase, lease, or concession of— (I) a single “housing unit”, as defined by the Census Bureau; or (II) real estate in “urbanized areas”, as defined by the Census Bureau in the most recent census, except as otherwise prescribed by the Committee in regulations in consultation with the Secretary of Defense. (ii) Definition of close proximity With respect to a real estate purchase, lease, or concession described in subpara...