SB 444 — Relating to health insurance coverage for certain emergency services
Last action — To House Judiciary
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✓Introduced
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✓In Committee
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3Passed Senate
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4Passed House of Delegates
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5To Executive
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6Enacted
This bill has passed the Senate. Introduced January 15, 2024. It now moves to the second chamber.
Next likely step: consideration and a floor vote in the House of Delegates.
Odds of enactment
Moderate chanceBased on the sponsor, cosponsors, and committee posture, this bill has a moderate chance of becoming law.
Upgrade to see the exact probability and what's driving it.
A statistical estimate from our own model of past outcomes — an insight, not a guarantee. Policymaking is volatile.
Prognosis
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Passed Senate
Current position in the legislative process.
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8 sponsors
1 primary, 7 co-sponsors signed on.
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Bipartisan support
Sponsored across 2 parties (5 R · 1 D) — cross-party backing.
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Cleared a recorded vote
Passed 1 recorded vote so far.
Based on stage, sponsorship breadth, committee status, recorded votes, and cross-state momentum — a description of the observable signals, not a prediction.
Bill Text
What changed in the latest version
260 added · 251 removedPlain-language change summary
The revised bill, SB 444, now clearly mandates that health insurance will cover ground ambulance services in emergencies when a reasonable person believes a medical crisis is happening. It also specifies that coverage includes pre-hospital screening and stabilization provided by the ambulance service, and it states that air ambulance services are excluded from this coverage. This change matters because it ensures that patients get necessary emergency care without facing unexpected costs, especially if they decline transport against medical advice. Additionally, the requirement for insurers to honor prior authorizations for emergency services strengthens patient protections.
WEST VIRGINIA LEGISLATURE REGULAR SESSION IntroducedCommittee Substitute for Senate Bill 444 ByBY SenatorsSENATORS Deeds,DEEDS, Smith,SMIT, Stover,STOVER, Stuart,TUART, Woelfel,W Barrett,OELFEL, Roberts,ARRETT, andROBERTS,AND TakuboTAKUBO [Introduced[Originating Januaryin 15,the 2024;Committee on Health and Human Resources;
referredreported February 2, 2024] CS for SB 444 A BILL to amend and reenact §33-15-21 of the CommitteeCode onof HumanWest Resources;Virginia, 1931, as amended;
and then to the Committee on Finance] Intr SB444 2024R2636 A BILL to amend and reenact §33-15-21 of the Code of West Virginia, 1931, as amended;
and to amend and reenact §33-25A-8d of said code, all relating to clarifying that health insurance coverage for emergency services,services; when a prudent layperson acting reasonably would have believed that an emergency medical condition existed, includes pre-hospital screening and stabilization of emergency condition by ambulance service if the patient declines to be transported against medical advice.
providing coverage mandates for ground ambulance services when a prudent layperson acting reasonably would have believed that an emergency medical condition existed;
providing that covered services include pre-hospital screening and stabilization of emergency conditions by an ambulance service;
providing that air ambulance service is excluded from coverage;
providing that coverage is subject to deductibles or copayment requirements of the policy, contract, or plan;
and providing that coverage be provided if the patient declines to be transported against medical advice.
(b) The coverage for prehospital screening and stabilization of an emergency medical condition shall include ambulance services provided under the provisions of §16-4-1,§16-4C-1 et seq.
of this code, excluding air ambulance services as defined in §16-4C-3(a) of this code.
The insurer shall pay claims for prehospital screening and stabilization of emergency condition by ambulance CS for SB 444 service if the insured is transported to an emergency room of a facility provider or if the patient declines to be transported against medical advice.
(b)The (c)coverage Anunder insurerthis thatsection hasis givensubject priorto authorizationdeductibles foror emergencycopayment servicesrequirements shall cover the services and shall not retract the authorization after the services have been provided unless the Intr SB444 2024R2636 authorization was based on a material misrepresentation about the covered person's health condition made by the referring provider, the provider of the emergencypolicy, servicescontract, or theplan. covered person.
(b) (c) (d)An Coverageinsurer ofthat has given prior authorization for emergency services shall becover subjectthe toservices coinsurance,and copaymentsshall andnot deductiblesretract applicablethe underauthorization after the services have been provided unless the authorization was based on a material misrepresentation about the covered person's health benefitcondition plan.made by the referring provider, the provider of the emergency services, or the covered person.
(c) (d) (e)Coverage Theof emergency departmentservices and the insurer shall makebe asubject good faith effort to communicatecoinsurance, withcopayments, eachand otherdeductibles inapplicable aunder timely fashion to expedite postevaluation or poststabilization services in order to avoid material deterioration of the coveredhealth person'sbenefit condition.plan.
(d) (e) The emergency department and the insurer shall make a good faith effort to communicate with each other in a timely fashion to expedite post evaluation or post stabilization services in order to avoid material deterioration of the covered person's condition.
(4) "Stabilize" means with respect to an emergency medical condition, to provide medical treatment of the condition necessary to assure, with reasonable medical probabilityprobability, that no CS for SB 444 medical deterioration of the condition is likely to result from or occur during the transfer of the individual from a facility:
Provided, That this provision may not be construed to prohibit, limitlimit, or otherwise delay the transportation required for a higher level of care than that possible at the treating facility;
(5) "Medical screening examination" means an appropriate examination within the Intr SB444 2024R2636 capability of the hospital's emergency department, including ancillary services routinely available to the emergency department, to determine whether or not an emergency medical condition exists;
and (6) "Emergency medical condition" means a condition that manifests itself by acute symptoms of sufficient severityseverity, including severe painpain, such that the absence of immediate medical attention could reasonably be expected to result in serious jeopardy to the individual's healthhealth, oror, with respect to a pregnant womanwoman, the health of the unborn child, serious impairment to bodily functionsfunctions, or serious dysfunction of any bodily part or organ.
(a) Notwithstanding any provision of any policy, provision, contract, planplan, or agreement to which this article applies, any entity regulated by this article shall provide as benefits to all subscribers and members coverage for emergency services.
A policy, provision, contract, planplan, or agreement may apply to emergency services the same deductibles, coinsurancecoinsurance, and other limitations as apply to other covered services:
Provided, Thatthat preauthorization or precertification shall not be required.
CS for SB 444 Prior authorization of coverage shall not be required for stabilization if an emergency medical condition exists.
(2) The coverage for prehospital screening and stabilization of an emergency medical condition shall include ambulance services provided under the provisions of §16-4-1,§16-4C-1 et seq.
of Intrthis SB444code, 2024R2636excluding air ambulance services as defined in §16-4C-3(a) of this code.
(2)The (3)coverage Anunder insurerthis thatsection hasis givensubject priorto authorizationdeductibles foror emergencycopayment servicesrequirements shall cover the services and shall not retract the authorization after the services have been provided unless the authorization was based on a material misrepresentation about the covered person's health condition made by the referring provider, the provider of the emergencypolicy, servicescontract, or theplan. covered person.
(2) (3) (4)An Coverageinsurer ofthat has given prior authorization for emergency services shall becover subjectthe toservices coinsurance,and copaymentsshall andnot deductiblesretract applicablethe underauthorization after the services have been provided unless the authorization was based on a material misrepresentation about the covered person's health benefitcondition plan.made by the referring provider, the provider of the emergency services, or the covered person.
(3) (4) (5)Coverage Theof emergency departmentservices and the insurer shall makebe asubject good faith effort to communicatecoinsurance, withcopayments, eachand otherdeductibles inapplicable aunder timely fashion to expedite postevaluation or poststabilization services in order to avoid material deterioration of the coveredhealth person'sbenefit condition.plan.
(4) (5) The emergency department and the insurer shall make a good faith effort to communicate with each other in a timely fashion to expedite post evaluation or post stabilization services in order to avoid material deterioration of the covered person's condition.
CS for SB 444 (C) "Emergency medical condition for the prudent layperson" means one that manifests itself by acute symptoms of sufficient severity, including severe pain, such that the person could reasonably expect the absence of immediate medical attention to result in serious jeopardy to the individual's health, or, with respect to a pregnant woman, the health of the unborn child;
(D) "Stabilize" means with respect to an emergency medical condition, to provide medical treatment of the condition necessary to assure, with reasonable medical probabilityprobability, that no Intr SB444 2024R2636 medical deterioration of the condition is likely to result from or occur during the transfer of the individual from a facility:
Provided, That this provision may not be construed to prohibit, limitlimit, or otherwise delay the transportation required for a higher level of care than that possible at the treating facility;
and (F) "Emergency medical condition" means a condition that manifests itself by acute symptoms of sufficient severityseverity, including severe painpain, such that the absence of immediate medical attention could reasonably be expected to result in serious jeopardy to the individual's healthhealth, oror, with respect to a pregnant womanwoman, the health of the unborn child, serious impairment to bodily functions or serious dysfunction of any bodily part or organ.
(a) Notwithstanding any provision of any policy, provision, contract, planplan, or agreement to which this article applies, any entity regulated by this article shall provide as benefits to all CS for SB 444 subscribers and members coverage for emergency services.
A policy, provision, contract, planplan, or agreement may apply to emergency services the same deductibles, coinsurancecoinsurance, and other limitations as apply to other covered services:
(1) Every insurer shall provide coverage for emergency medical services, including Intr SB444 2024R2636 prehospital services, to the extent necessary to screen and to stabilize an emergency medical condition.
(2) The coverage for prehospital screening and stabilization of an emergency medical condition shall include ambulance services provided under the provisions of §16-4-1,§16-4C-1 et seq.
of this code, excluding air ambulance services as defined in §16-4C-3(a) of this code.
(2)The (3)coverage Anunder insurerthis thatsection hasis givensubject priorto authorizationdeductibles foror emergencycopayment servicesrequirements shall cover the services and shall not retract the authorization after the services have been provided unless the authorization was based on a material misrepresentation about the covered person's health condition made by the referring provider, the provider of the emergencypolicy, servicescontract, or theplan. covered person.
Show all 79 changed lines (39 more)
(2) (3) (4)An Coverageinsurer ofthat has given prior authorization for emergency services shall becover subjectthe toservices coinsurance,and copaymentsshall andnot deductiblesretract applicablethe underauthorization after the services have been provided unless the authorization was based on a material misrepresentation about the covered person's health benefitcondition plan.made by the referring provider, the provider of the emergency services, or the covered person.
(3) (4) (5)Coverage Theof emergency departmentservices and the insurer shall makebe asubject good faith effort to communicatecoinsurance, withcopayments, eachand otherdeductibles inapplicable aunder timely fashion to expedite postevaluation or poststabilization services in order to avoid material deterioration of the coveredhealth person'sbenefit condition.plan.
CS for SB 444 (4) (5) The emergency department and the insurer shall make a good faith effort to communicate with each other in a timely fashion to expedite post evaluation or post stabilization services in order to avoid material deterioration of the covered person's condition.
(B) "Prudent layperson" means a person who is without medical training and who draws on his or her practical experience when making a decision regarding whether an emergency medical Intr SB444 2024R2636 condition exists for which emergency treatment should be sought;
(D) "Stabilize" means with respect to an emergency medical condition, to provide medical treatment of the condition necessary to assure, with reasonable medical probabilityprobability, that no medical deterioration of the condition is likely to result from or occur during the transfer of the individual from a facility:
Provided, That this provision may not be construed to prohibit, limitlimit, or otherwise delay the transportation required for a higher level of care than that possible at the treating facility;
and (F) "Emergency medical condition" means a condition that manifests itself by acute symptoms of sufficient severityseverity, including severe painpain, such that the absence of immediate CS for SB 444 medical attention could reasonably be expected to result in serious jeopardy to the individual's healthhealth, oror, with respect to a pregnant womanwoman, the health of the unborn child, serious impairment to bodily functionsfunctions, or serious dysfunction of any bodily part or organ.
(a) Notwithstanding any provision of any policy, provision, contract, planplan, or agreement to which this article applies, any entity regulated by this article shall provide as benefits to all subscribers and members coverage for emergency services.
A policy, provision, contract, planplan, or Intr SB444 2024R2636 agreement may apply to emergency services the same deductibles, coinsurancecoinsurance, and other limitations as apply to other covered services:
(2) The coverage for prehospital screening and stabilization of an emergency medical condition shall include ambulance services provided under the provisions of §16-4-1,§16-4C-1 et seq.
of this code, excluding air ambulance services as defined in §16-4C-3(a) of this code.
(2)The (3)coverage Anunder insurerthis thatsection hasis givensubject priorto authorizationdeductibles foror emergencycopayment servicesrequirements shall cover the services and shall not retract the authorization after the services have been provided unless the authorization was based on a material misrepresentation about the covered person's health condition made by the referring provider, the provider of the emergencypolicy, servicescontract, or theplan. covered person.
CS for SB 444 (2) (3) (4)An Coverageinsurer ofthat has given prior authorization for emergency services shall becover subjectthe toservices coinsurance,and copaymentsshall andnot deductiblesretract applicablethe underauthorization after the services have been provided unless the authorization was based on a material misrepresentation about the covered person's health benefitcondition plan.made by the referring provider, the provider of the emergency services, or the covered person.
(3) (4) (5)Coverage Theof emergency departmentservices and the insurer shall makebe asubject good faith effort to communicatecoinsurance, withcopayments, eachand otherdeductibles inapplicable aunder timely fashion to expedite postevaluation or poststabilization services in order to avoid material deterioration of the coveredhealth person'sbenefit condition.plan.
Intr(4) SB444(5) 2024R2636The (5)emergency (6)department Asand usedthe insurer shall make a good faith effort to communicate with each other in thisa section:timely fashion to expedite post evaluation or post stabilization services in order to avoid material deterioration of the covered person's condition.
(5) (6) As used in this section:
(D) "Stabilize" means with respect to an emergency medical condition, to provide medical treatment of the condition necessary to assure, with reasonable medical probabilityprobability, that no medical deterioration of the condition is likely to result from or occur during the transfer of the individual from a facility:
Provided, That this provision may not be construed to prohibit, limitlimit, or CS for SB 444 otherwise delay the transportation required for a higher level of care than that possible at the treating facility;
and (F) "Emergency medical condition" means a condition that manifests itself by acute symptoms of sufficient severityseverity, including severe painpain, such that the absence of immediate medical attention could reasonably be expected to result in serious jeopardy to the individual's healthhealth, oror, with respect to a pregnant womanwoman, the health of the unborn child, serious impairment to bodily functions or serious dysfunction of any bodily part or organ.
Intr SB444 2024R2636 ARTICLE 25A.
(a) Notwithstanding any provision of any policy, provision, contract, planplan, or agreement to which this article applies, any entity regulated by this article shall provide as benefits to all subscribers and members coverage for emergency services.
A policy, provision, contract, planplan, or agreement may apply to emergency services the same deductibles, coinsurancecoinsurance, and other limitations as apply to other covered services:
Prior authorization of coverage shall not be required for stabilization if an emergency medical CS for SB 444 condition exists.
(2) The coverage for prehospital screening and stabilization of an emergency medical condition shall include ambulance services provided under the provisions of §16-4-1,§16-4C-1 et seq.
of this code, excluding air ambulance services as defined in §16-4C-3(a) of this code.
(2)The (3)coverage Anunder insurerthis thatsection hasis givensubject priorto authorizationdeductibles foror emergencycopayment servicesrequirements shall cover the services and shall not retract the authorization after the services have been provided unless the authorization was based on a material misrepresentation about the covered person's health Intr SB444 2024R2636 condition made by the referring provider, the provider of the emergencypolicy, servicescontract, or theplan. covered person.
(2) (3) (4)An Coverageinsurer ofthat has given prior authorization for emergency services shall becover subjectthe toservices coinsurance,and copaymentsshall andnot deductiblesretract applicablethe underauthorization after the services have been provided unless the authorization was based on a material misrepresentation about the covered person's health benefitcondition plan.made by the referring provider, the provider of the emergency services, or the covered person.
(3) (4) (5)Coverage Theof emergency departmentservices and the insurer shall makebe asubject good faith effort to communicatecoinsurance, withcopayments, eachand otherdeductibles inapplicable aunder timely fashion to expedite postevaluation or poststabilization services in order to avoid material deterioration of the coveredhealth person'sbenefit condition.plan.
(4) (5) The emergency department and the insurer shall make a good faith effort to communicate with each other in a timely fashion to expedite post evaluation or post stabilization services in order to avoid material deterioration of the covered person's condition.
CS for SB 444 (C) "Emergency medical condition for the prudent layperson" means one that manifests itself by acute symptoms of sufficient severity, including severe pain, such that the person could reasonably expect the absence of immediate medical attention to result in serious jeopardy to the individual's health, or, with respect to a pregnant woman, the health of the unborn child;
(D) "Stabilize" means with respect to an emergency medical condition, to provide medical treatment of the condition necessary to assure, with reasonable medical probabilityprobability, that no medical deterioration of the condition is likely to result from or occur during the transfer of the individual from a facility:
Provided, That this provision may not be construed to prohibit, limitlimit, or otherwise delay the transportation required for a higher level of care than that possible at the treating facility;
(E) "Medical screening examination" means an appropriate examination within the capability of the hospital's emergency department, including ancillary services routinely available Intr SB444 2024R2636 to the emergency department, to determine whether or not an emergency medical condition exists;
and (F) "Emergency medical condition" means a condition that manifests itself by acute symptoms of sufficient severityseverity, including severe painpain, such that the absence of immediate medical attention could reasonably be expected to result in serious jeopardy to the individual's health or with respect to a pregnant womanwoman, the health of the unborn child, serious impairment to bodily functions or serious dysfunction of any bodily part or organ.
CS for SB 444 (C) Any potential responsibility of the member for payment for nonemergency services rendered in an emergency facility;
NOTE:13
The purpose of this bill is to clarify that health insurance coverage for emergency services when a prudent layperson acting reasonably would have believed that an emergency medical condition existed includes prehospital screening and stabilization of emergency condition by ambulance service if the patient declines to be transported against medical advice.
Strike-throughs indicate language that would be stricken from a heading or the present law and underscoring indicates new language that would be added.
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View plain text versions (2)
- Committee Substitute View text pdf
- Introduced Introduced Version Current pdf
Action History
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To House Judiciary
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Introduced in House
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Ordered to House
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Passed Senate (Roll No. 154)
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Read 3rd time
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On 3rd reading
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Read 2nd time
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On 2nd reading
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Read 1st time
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Immediate consideration
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Reported do pass
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To Finance
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Committee substitute reported, but first to Finance
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To Health and Human Resources
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Introduced in Senate
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To Health and Human Resources then Finance
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Filed for introduction
Sponsors
- Randy E. Smith · Cosponsor
- Tom Takubo · Cosponsor
- Rollan A. Roberts · Cosponsor
- Jason Barrett · Cosponsor
- Mike Woelfel · Cosponsor
- Stuart · Cosponsor
- Stover · Cosponsor
- Vince Deeds · Primary
Sponsorship breakdown
Export CSV (upgrade) →1 sponsors · 7 co-sponsors · 144 not signed on
Sponsors (1)
- Vince Deeds Republican
Co-sponsors (7)
- Randy E. Smith Republican
- Tom Takubo Republican
- Rollan A. Roberts Republican
- Jason Barrett Republican
- Mike Woelfel Democrat
- Stuart
- Stover
Not signed on (144)
144 members have not signed on to this bill.
Show all 144 →"Not signed on" means a member has not sponsored or co-sponsored this bill — it does not imply opposition. Members flagged Voted No have a recorded No vote on this bill.
Votes
| Party | Yea | Nay | Present | Not Voting |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | 16 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Unaffiliated | 16 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Democrat | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | 33 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| % of votes cast | 97% | 0% | 0% | 3% |
How each member voted (34)
| Member | Party | Vote |
|---|---|---|
| MARONEY | — | Not Voting |
| STOVER | — | Yea |
| MARTIN | — | Yea |
| STUART | — | Yea |
| BOLEY | — | Yea |
| SWOPE | — | Yea |
| CAPUTO | — | Yea |
| NELSON | — | Yea |
| PHILLIPS | — | Yea |
| PLYMALE | — | Yea |
| TRUMP | — | Yea |
| HAMILTON | — | Yea |
| HUNT | — | Yea |
| JEFFRIES | — | Yea |
| SMITH | — | Yea |
| MR PRESIDENT | — | Yea |
| KARNES | — | Yea |
| Mike Woelfel | Democrat | Yea |
| Amy Grady | Republican | Yea |
| Ben Queen | Republican | Yea |
| Charles H. Clements | Republican | Yea |
| Eric Tarr | Republican | Yea |
| Jack Woodrum | Republican | Yea |
| Jason Barrett | Republican | Yea |
| Jay Taylor | Republican | Yea |
| Laura Wakim Chapman | Republican | Yea |
| Mark R. Maynard | Republican | Yea |
| Mike Azinger | Republican | Yea |
| Mike Oliverio | Republican | Yea |
| Patricia Rucker | Republican | Yea |
| Rollan A. Roberts | Republican | Yea |
| Ryan Weld | Republican | Yea |
| Tom Takubo | Republican | Yea |
| Vince Deeds | Republican | Yea |
Subjects
Frequently asked questions
- Who sponsors SB 444?
- SB 444 is sponsored by Randy E. Smith (Republican), Tom Takubo (Republican), Rollan A. Roberts (Republican), Jason Barrett (Republican), Mike Woelfel (Democrat), Stuart, Stover, and Vince Deeds (Republican).
- What is the current status of SB 444?
- This bill has passed the Senate. Introduced January 15, 2024. It now moves to the second chamber.
- Where can I track SB 444?
- Track SB 444 free on One Click Politics — get push/email alerts when it moves.
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