United States 119th Congress Status: In Committee 7 D cosponsors

HR 2435 — Save Our Small Farms Act of 2025

Last action — Referred to the Subcommittee on General Farm Commodities, Risk Management, and Credit.

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  1. ✓
    Introduced
  2. 2
    In Committee
  3. 3
    Passed House
  4. 4
    Passed Senate
  5. 5
    To Executive
  6. 6
    Enacted

This bill is in committee in the House. Introduced March 27, 2025. It must pass committee before a floor vote.

Next likely step: a committee vote, then a floor vote in the House.

Prognosis

Stalled 26% · moderate confidence

Where this bill stands today.

Odds of enactment

Low

How often bills like it became law.

  • In Committee

    Current position in the legislative process.

  • 7 sponsors

    1 primary, 6 co-sponsors signed on.

  • Single-party support

    Sponsorship is currently within one party (7 D).

Prognosis reads this bill's own signals — stage, sponsorship breadth, committee status, recorded votes and cross-state momentum. Odds come from a model trained on which bills have become law.

In plain language

The bill aims to support farmers by improving noninsured crop disaster assistance and encouraging whole farm insurance.

This bill proposes to amend the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 to enhance support for farmers using noninsured crop disaster assistance. It lowers costs, reduces paperwork, increases payouts, and encourages a transition to comprehensive insurance through premium discounts.

What this means for you
  • Workers: Financial support through improved assistance programs could benefit agricultural workers employed on affected farms.
  • Small Business: This bill may help small farmers by making insurance more affordable and reducing bureaucratic hurdles.

Bill Text

Sections of law this bill changes

3 sections in 2 laws

From the bill's own amending language, matched to the official United States Code (current through Public Law 119-124).

Crop insurance · 7 U.S.C. ch. 36 2 sections
  • § 1522 Research and development Amends

    7 U.S.C. § 1522 — at 1522(c)

    The law today

    (a) Definition of policy In this section, the term “policy” means a policy, plan of insurance, provision of a policy or plan of insurance, and related materials. (b) Reimbursement of research, development, and maintenance costs (1) Research and development payment (A) In general The Corporation shall provide a payment to an applicant for research and development costs in accordance with this subsection. (B) Reimbursement (i) In general An applicant who submits a policy under section 1508(h) of this title shall be eligible for the reimbursement of reasonable research and development costs if the policy is approved by the Board for sale to producers. (ii) Reasonable costs For the purpose of reimbursing research and development and maintenance costs under this section, costs of the applicant shall be considered reasonable costs if the costs are based on— (I) for any employees or contracted personnel, wage rates equal to not more than 2 times the hourly wage rate plus benefits, as provided by the Bureau of Labor Statistics for the year in which such costs are incurred, calculated using the formula applied to an applicant by the Corporation in reviewing proposed project budgets under this section on October 1, 2016; and (II) other actual documented costs incurred by the applicant. (2) Advance payments (A) In general Subject to the other provisions of this paragraph, the Board may approve the request of an applicant for advance payment of a portion of reasonable research and development costs prior to submission and approval of the policy by the Board under section 1508(h) of this title. (B) Procedures The Board shall establish procedures for approving advance payment of reasonable research and development costs to applicants. (C) Concept proposal As a condition of eligibility for advance payments, an applicant shall submit a concept proposal for the policy that the applicant plans to submit to the Board under section 1508(h) of this title, consistent with procedures established by the Board for submissions under subparagraph (B), including— (i) a summary of the qualifications of the applicant, including any prior concept proposals and submissions to the Board under section 1508(h) of this title and, if applicable, any work conducted under this section; (ii) a projection of total research and development costs that the applicant expects to incur; (iii) a description of the need for the policy, the marketability of and expected demand for the policy among affected producers, and the potential impact of the policy on producers and the crop insurance delivery system; (iv) a summary of data sources available to demonstrate that the policy can reasonably be developed and actuarially appropriate rates established; and (v) an identification of the risks the proposed policy will cover and an explanation of how the identified risks are insurable under this subchapter. (D) Review (i) Experts If the requirements of subparagraph (B) and (C) are met, the Board may submit a concept proposal described in subparagraph (C) to not less than 2 independent expert reviewers, whose services are appropriate for the type of concept proposal submitted, to assess the likelihood that the proposed policy being developed will result in a viable and marketable policy, as determined by the Board. (ii) Timing The time frames described in subparagraphs (C) and (D) of section 1508(h)(4) of this title shall apply to the review of concept proposals under this subparagraph. (E) Approval (i) In general The Board may approve up to 50 percent of the projected total research and development costs to be paid in advance to an applicant, in accordance with the procedures developed by the Board for the making of the payments, if, after consideration of the reviewer reports described in subparagraph (D) and such other information as the Board determines appropriate, the Board determines that— (I) the concept, in good faith, will likely result in a viable and marketable polic...

    44 other bills also change this section · Follow it → Official text at uscode.house.gov ↗

  • § 1531 Supplemental agricultural disaster assistance Amends

    7 U.S.C. § 1531 — at 1531(a)(18)

    The law today

    (a) Definitions In this section: (1) Actual production history yield The term “actual production history yield” means the weighted average of the actual production history for each insurable commodity or noninsurable commodity, as calculated under subchapter I or the noninsured crop disaster assistance program, respectively. (2) Actual production on the farm The term “actual production on the farm” means the sum of the value of all crops produced on the farm, as determined under subsection (b)(6)(B). (3) Adjusted actual production history yield The term “adjusted actual production history yield” means— (A) in the case of an eligible producer on a farm that has at least 4 years of actual production history yields for an insurable commodity that are established other than pursuant to section 1508(g)(4)(B) of this title, the actual production history for the eligible producer without regard to any yields established under that section; (B) in the case of an eligible producer on a farm that has less than 4 years of actual production history yields for an insurable commodity, of which 1 or more were established pursuant to section 1508(g)(4)(B) of this title, the actual production history for the eligible producer as calculated without including the lowest of the yields established pursuant to section 1508(g)(4)(B) of this title; and (C) in all other cases, the actual production history of the eligible producer on a farm. (4) Adjusted noninsured crop disaster assistance program yield The term “adjusted noninsured crop disaster assistance program yield” means— (A) in the case of an eligible producer on a farm that has at least 4 years of production history under the noninsured crop disaster assistance program that are not replacement yields, the noninsured crop disaster assistance program yield without regard to any replacement yields; (B) in the case of an eligible producer on a farm that has less than 4 years of production history under the noninsured crop disaster assistance program that are not replacement yields, the noninsured crop disaster assistance program yield as calculated without including the lowest of the replacement yields; and (C) in all other cases, the production history of the eligible producer on the farm under the noninsured crop disaster assistance program. (5) Counter-cyclical program payment yield The term “counter-cyclical program payment yield” means the weighted average payment yield established under— (A) section 7912 or 7952 of this title; (B) section 1102 or 1301(6) of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 8712, 8751(6)); or (C) a successor section. (6) Crop of economic significance The term “crop of economic significance” shall have the uniform meaning given the term by the Secretary for purposes of subsections (b)(1)(B) and (g)(6). (7) Disaster county (A) In general The term “disaster county” means a county included in the geographic area covered by a qualifying natural disaster declaration. (B) Inclusion The term “disaster county” includes— (i) a county contiguous to a county described in subparagraph (A); and (ii) any farm in which, during a calendar year the actual production on the farm is less than 50 percent of the normal production on the farm. (8) Eligible producer on a farm (A) In general The term “eligible producer on a farm” means an individual or entity described in subparagraph (B) that, as determined by the Secretary, assumes the production and market risks associated with the agricultural production of crops or livestock. (B) Description An individual or entity referred to in subparagraph (A) is— (i) a citizen of the United States; (ii) a resident alien; (iii) a partnership of citizens of the United States; or (iv) a corporation, limited liability corporation, or other farm organizational structure organized under State law. (9) Farm (A) In general The term “farm” means, in relation to an eligible producer on a farm, the sum of all crop acreage in all counties tha...

    6 other bills also change this section · Follow it → Official text at uscode.house.gov ↗

Agricultural market transition · 7 U.S.C. ch. 100 1 section
  • § 7333 Administration and operation of noninsured crop assistance program Amends

    7 U.S.C. § 7333

    The law today

    (a) Operation and administration of program (1) In general (A) Coverages In the case of an eligible crop described in paragraph (2), the Secretary of Agriculture shall operate a noninsured crop disaster assistance program to provide coverages based on individual yields (other than for value-loss crops) equivalent to— (i) catastrophic risk protection available under section 508(b) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1508(b)); or (ii) except in the case of crops and grasses used for grazing, additional coverage available under subsections (c) and (h) of section 508 of that Act (7 U.S.C. 1508) that does not exceed 65 percent, as described in subsection (l). (B) Administration The Secretary shall carry out this section through the Farm Service Agency (referred to in this section as the “Agency”). (C) Data collection and sharing The Secretary shall coordinate with the Administrator of the Risk Management Agency on the type and format of data received under the noninsured crop disaster assistance program that— (i) best facilitates the use of that data in developing policies or plans of insurance offered under the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1501 et seq.); and (ii) ensures the availability of that data on a regular basis. (D) Coordination The Secretary shall coordinate between the agencies of the Department that provide programs or services to farmers and ranchers that are potentially eligible for the noninsured crop disaster assistance program under this section— (i) to make available coverage under— (I) the fee waiver under subsection (k)(2); or (II) the premium discount under subsection (l)(3); and (ii) to share eligibility information to reduce paperwork and avoid duplication. (2) Eligible crops (A) In general Subject to subparagraph (B), in this section, the term “eligible crop” means each commercial crop or other agricultural commodity that is produced for food or fiber (except livestock) for which catastrophic risk protection under subsection (b) of section 508 of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1508) and additional coverage under subsections (c) and (h) of such section are not available or, if such coverage is available, it is only available under a policy that provides coverage for specific intervals based on weather indexes or under a whole farm plan of insurance. (B) Crops specifically included The term “eligible crop” shall include floricultural, ornamental nursery, and Christmas tree crops, turfgrass sod, seed crops, aquaculture (including ornamental fish), sea grass and sea oats, camelina, sweet sorghum, biomass sorghum, and industrial crops (including those grown expressly for the purpose of producing a feedstock for renewable biofuel, renewable electricity, or biobased products). (C) Combination of similar types or varieties At the option of the Secretary, all types or varieties of a crop or commodity, described in subparagraphs (A) and (B), may be considered to be a single eligible crop under this section. (3) Cause of loss To qualify for assistance under this section, the losses of the noninsured commodity shall be due to drought, flood, or other natural disaster, as determined by the Secretary. (4) Program reduction in benefits relating to crop production on native sod (A) Definition of native sod In this paragraph, the term “native sod” means land— (i) on which the plant cover is composed principally of native grasses, grasslike plants, forbs, or shrubs suitable for grazing and browsing; and (ii) that has never been tilled, or the producer cannot substantiate that the ground has ever been tilled, for the production of an annual crop as of the date of enactment of this paragraph. (B) Reduction in benefits (i) In general (I) Agricultural Act of 2014 During the first 4 crop years of planting, as determined by the Secretary, native sod acreage that has been tilled for the production of an annual crop during the period beginning on February 8, 2014, and ending on December 20, 2018, shall be...

    22 other bills also change this section · Follow it → Official text at uscode.house.gov ↗

Also cites: 7 U.S.C. § 2279, 16 U.S.C. § 3839aa-24

How this bill changes current law

9 changes Share ↗

Compared against current U.S. Code AI-generated reading aid — verify against the official bill.

The bill modifies the noninsured crop disaster assistance program to reduce costs, streamline processes, and enhance participation in whole farm insurance plans.

  • 7 U.S.C. 7333(a)(1)(C)

    ensures the availability of that data on a regular basis. → the public availability of those;

    Clarifies that data must be publicly available.

  • 7 U.S.C. 7333(a)(1)(C)

    (iii) the expansion of crops listed on the national crop table of the Agency with a local average market price;

    Adds a requirement to expand coverage to additional crops based on local market prices.

  • 7 U.S.C. 7333(a)(1)(C)

    (iv) the voluntary graduation of program participants to the whole farm risk management insurance plan developed under section 522(c)(7) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1522(c)(7));

    Encourages participants to transition to a whole farm insurance plan.

  • 7 U.S.C. 7333(a)(1)(C)

    (v) the establishment of pilot projects for purposes of addressing emerging needs of producers and collecting data to support the development of policies or plans of insurance offered under the Federal Crop Insurance Act (7 U.S.C. 1501 et seq.).

    Creates opportunities for pilot projects to better understand producers' needs.

  • 7 U.S.C. 7333(b)(4)

    4 → 4) Streamlined application process.--

    Changes the structure of the application process for assistance.

  • 7 U.S.C. 7333(b)(4)(C)

    Notwithstanding paragraphs (2) and (3) or subsection (a)(1)(A), the Secretary shall establish a streamlined revenue-based coverage option that is available, on a voluntary basis, to any producer eligible for assistance under this section.

    Introduces a new revenue-based option for coverage under the assistance program.

  • 7 U.S.C. 7333(e)(3)

    65 percent → 100 percent

    Increases the maximum yield determined for native sod crops to 100 percent.

  • 7 U.S.C. 7333(l)(3)

    the streamlined revenue-based option pursuant to subsection (b)(4)(C), in exchange for a premium that is 25 percent of the premium determined under paragraph (2).

    Introduces tiered coverage with a reduced premium for certain farmers.

  • 7 U.S.C. 7333(m)

    The Secretary shall collaborate with outreach and technical assistance providers, extension offices, and State departments of agriculture to advertise the noninsured crop disaster assistance program under this section, particularly to limited resource, beginning, or socially disadvantaged farmers.

    Requires outreach efforts to better inform underserved farmers about assistance programs.

Action History

  1. Referred to the Subcommittee on General Farm Commodities, Risk Management, and Credit.

  2. Introduced in House

  3. Introduced in House

  4. Referred to the House Committee on Agriculture.

Sponsors

Sponsorship breakdown

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1 sponsors · 6 co-sponsors · 540 not signed on

Sponsors (1)

Co-sponsors (6)

Not signed on (540)

540 members have not signed on to this bill.

Show all 540 →

"Not signed on" means a member has not sponsored or co-sponsored this bill — it does not imply opposition. Members flagged Voted No have a recorded No vote on this bill.

Whip count is in markup. Polling the chamber and every recorded vote this session. Only the first open is slow. It’s instant for you after this. Calling the roll · Tallying · Engrossing

Subjects

agriculture
Cross-referencing the record. Reading this bill against every other bill in the corpus by meaning, not keywords. Only the first open is slow. It’s instant for you after this. Matching · Ranking · Engrossing

Frequently asked questions

Who sponsors HR 2435?
HR 2435 is sponsored by Hayes, Jahana (Democratic), Larson, John B. (Democratic), Courtney, Joe (Democratic), DeLauro, Rosa L. (Democratic), Himes, James A. (Democratic), Riley, Josh (Democratic), and Tokuda, Jill N. (Democratic).
What is the current status of HR 2435?
This bill is in committee in the House. Introduced March 27, 2025. It must pass committee before a floor vote.
Where can I track HR 2435?
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