How HR 923 changes current law

Compared against current U.S. Code AI-generated reading aid — verify against the official bill.

The bill adds prohibitions on the importation, sale, manufacture, transfer, or possession of .50 caliber rifles and amends related definitions and regulations.

• 18 U.S.C. § 922

  (aa) Rifles Capable of Firing .50 Caliber Ammunition.--(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), it shall be unlawful for any person to import, sell, manufacture, transfer, or possess, in or affecting interstate or foreign commerce, a rifle capable of firing .50 caliber ammunition.

  New prohibitions are introduced against dealing with .50 caliber rifles.

• 18 U.S.C. § 922

  (2) Exceptions.--(A) Government use.--Paragraph (1) shall not apply to the importation for, manufacture for, sale to, transfer to, or possession by the United States, a department or agency of the United States, a State, or a department, agency, or political subdivision of a State, of a rifle capable of firing .50 caliber ammunition.

  Exceptions allow government entities to conduct transactions involving .50 caliber rifles.

• 18 U.S.C. § 922

  (B) Grandfathered rifles.--Paragraph (1) shall not apply to the sale, transfer, or possession of any rifle otherwise lawfully possessed on or before the date of enactment of the Stop Arming Cartels Act of 2025.

  Grandfather clause protects rifles legally owned before the enactment.

• 18 U.S.C. § 924(a)(1)(B)

  or (q) → (q), or (aa)

  Updates the list of prohibited firearm categories including .50 caliber rifles.

• 26 U.S.C. § 5845(a)

  and (8) a destructive device → (8) a destructive device; and (9) a rifle which is capable of firing .50 caliber ammunition and is lawfully possessed on or before the date of enactment of the Stop Arming Cartels Act of 2025

  Adds .50 caliber rifles to the definition of firearms under the National Firearms Act.

• 34 U.S.C. § 40901

  or that transfer of a firearm or ammunition to the individual would violate subsection (d)(11) of such section 922

  Makes NICS checks consider prohibitions based on new categories of prohibited individuals linked to significant foreign narcotics traffickers.

• 34 U.S.C. § 40901

  or to whom transfer of a firearm would violate subsection (d)(11) of such section 922

  Expands the definitions within the NICS regulations to include conditions related to foreign narcotics traffickers.

• 34 U.S.C. § 40901

  persons, → persons who are

  Clarifies language to specify individuals affected by prohibitions in firearm transfers.

• 34 U.S.C. § 40901

  , or to whom transfer of a firearm would violate subsection (d)(11) of such section 922

  Reiterates conditions under which firearm transfers are restricted.

• 18 U.S.C. § 923(g)(3)(A)

  pistols, or revolvers, or any combination of pistols and revolvers → pistols, revolvers, or rifles, or any combination of pistols, revolvers, and rifles

  Expands reporting requirements for multiple firearm sales to include rifles.