SB 496 — Removing reflexology and other energy-based work from definition of "massage therapy"
Last action — Chapter 196, Acts, Regular Session, 2025
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✓Introduced
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✓In Committee
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✓Passed Senate
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✓Passed House of Delegates
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✓To Executive
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6Enacted
This bill has been enacted into law. Introduced February 14, 2025. Enacted.
Signed by Governor Patrick Morrisey (Republican) on August 08, 2025.
Odds of enactment
High chanceBased on the sponsor, cosponsors, and committee posture, this bill has a high chance of becoming law.
Upgrade to see the exact probability and what's driving it.
A statistical estimate from our own model of past outcomes — an insight, not a guarantee. Policymaking is volatile.
Prognosis
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Enacted
Current position in the legislative process.
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2 sponsors
1 primary, 1 co-sponsors signed on.
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Single-party support
Sponsorship is currently within one party (2 R).
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Cleared a recorded vote
Passed 2 recorded votes so far.
Based on stage, sponsorship breadth, committee status, recorded votes, and cross-state momentum — a description of the observable signals, not a prediction.
Bill Text
What changed in the latest version
59 added · 3 removedPlain-language change summary
The amended bill SB 496 clarifies the definition of "massage therapy" by explicitly stating that it includes various forms of bodywork aimed at improving health, while emphasizing that massage therapists cannot be termed primary care providers. Additionally, the revisions remove the mention of specific types of practitioners, such as nurses and physical therapists, who are also not included in the scope of massage therapy services. This change matters because it aims to differentiate the roles and responsibilities of massage therapists within the healthcare system, ensuring that their practice is accurately represented and understood, which can enhance regulatory clarity and public safety.
SB496WEST HVIRGINIA GOLEGISLATURE AMREGULAR #1WisemanSESSION 3295 TheEnrolled CommitteeSenate onBill Government496 OrganizationBYS movedENATORTHORNE toANRUCKER amend[Passed theApril bill10, on2025; page 1 by striking everything after the enacting clause and inserting in lieu thereof the following:
“ARTICLEin 37.effect 90 days from passage (July 9, 2025)] Enr SB 496 AN ACT to amend and reenact §30-37-2 of the Code of West Virginia, 1931, as amended, relating to massage therapists;
and clarifying the definition of “massage therapy”.
Be it enacted by the Legislature of West Virginia:
ARTICLE 37.
§30-37-2.
(a) "Board" means the West Virginia Massage Therapy Licensure Board.(b)Board. "Massage therapist" means a person licensed to practice the health care service of massage therapy under this article who practices or administers massage therapy to a client of either gender for compensation.
No(b) person"Massage licensedtherapist" bymeans the massage therapy licensure board may be referred to as a primaryperson carelicensed provider nor be permitted to usepractice suchthe designation.(c) "Massage therapy" means a health care service whichof ismassage atherapy scientificunder andthis skillfularticle manipulationwho ofpractices soft tissue for therapeutic or remedialadministers purposes,massage specificallytherapy forto improvinga muscleclient tone,of circulation,either promotinggender healthfor andcompensation. physical well-being.
No person licensed by the massage therapy licensure board may be referred to as a primary care provider nor be permitted to use such designation.
(c) "Massage therapy" means a health care service which is a scientific and skillful manipulation of soft tissue for therapeutic or remedial purposes, specifically for improving muscle tone, circulation, promoting health and physical well-being.
Massage therapy does not include diagnosis or service which requires a license to practice medicine or surgery, osteopathic medicine, chiropractic, or podiatry, and does not include service performed by nurses, occupational therapists, or physical therapists, or reflexologists who act under their own professional license, certificate, or registration, or energy work practitioners (including reiki, qigong, and sound healing).(d)healing). "Massage establishment" means a place of business wherein massage therapy is practiced, with a physical site or premise, including mobile sites, licensed as required by this article, in which licensed massage therapists are employees or contractors practicing massage therapy on clients.(e) "Sole practitioner" means a licensed massage therapist who is licensed pursuant to this article, who is not an employee or contractor of the sole practitioner or an establishment, and who provides massage therapy to clients at a specific location including, but not limited to, a rental space, home office space, offsite, or onsite space.” AdoptedRejected
(d) "Massage establishment" means a place of business wherein massage therapy is practiced, with a physical site or premise, including mobile sites, licensed as required by this Enr SB 496 article, in which licensed massage therapists are employees or contractors practicing massage therapy on clients.
(e) "Sole practitioner" means a licensed massage therapist who is licensed pursuant to this article, who is not an employee or contractor of the sole practitioner or an establishment, and who provides massage therapy to clients at a specific location including, but not limited to, a rental space, home office space, offsite, or onsite space.
Enr SB 496 The Clerk of the Senate and the Clerk of the House of Delegates hereby certify that the foregoing bill is correctly enrolled.
...............................................................
Clerk of the Senate ...............................................................
Clerk of the House of Delegates Originated in the Senate.
In effect 90 days from passage.
...............................................................
President of the Senate ...............................................................
Speaker of the House of Delegates __________ The within is ................................................
this the...........................................
Day of ..........................................................................................................., 2025.
.............................................................
Governor 3
View plain text versions (3)
- Enrolled Enrolled Version pdf
- sb496 h go am _1 adopted.htm View text Current html
- Introduced Introduced Version pdf
Action History
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Chapter 196, Acts, Regular Session, 2025
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Approved by Governor 4/24/2025
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To Governor 4/14/2025
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Approved by Governor 4/24/2025 - House Journal
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Approved by Governor 4/24/2025 - Senate Journal
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To Governor 4/14/2025 - House Journal
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To Governor 4/14/2025 - Senate Journal
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Completed legislative action
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Communicated to House
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Senate concurred in House amendments and passed bill (Roll No. 458)
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House Message received
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Communicated to Senate
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Passed House (Roll No. 431)
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Read 3rd time
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On 3rd reading, Special Calendar
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Committee amendment adopted (Voice vote)
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Amendment reported by the Clerk
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Read 2nd time
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On 2nd reading, Special Calendar
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Read 1st time
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On 1st reading, Special Calendar
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With amendment, do pass
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To House Government Organization
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To Government Organization
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Introduced in House
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House received Senate message
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Ordered to House
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Passed Senate (Roll No. 54)
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Read 3rd time
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On 3rd reading
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Read 2nd time
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On 2nd reading
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Read 1st time
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On 1st reading
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Reported do pass
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To Government Organization
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Introduced in Senate
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To Government Organization
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Filed for introduction
Sponsors
- Darren Thorne · Primary
- Patricia Rucker · Cosponsor
Sponsorship breakdown
Export CSV (upgrade) →1 sponsors · 1 co-sponsors · 150 not signed on
Sponsors (1)
- Darren Thorne Republican
Co-sponsors (1)
- Patricia Rucker Republican
Not signed on (150)
150 members have not signed on to this bill.
Show all 150 →"Not signed on" means a member has not sponsored or co-sponsored this bill — it does not imply opposition. Members flagged Voted No have a recorded No vote on this bill.
Votes
| Party | Yea | Nay | Present | Not Voting |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | 79 | 0 | 0 | 6 |
| Democrat | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Unaffiliated | 4 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Total | 92 | 0 | 0 | 8 |
| % of votes cast | 92% | 0% | 0% | 8% |
How each member voted (100)
| Member | Party | Vote |
|---|---|---|
| Linville | — | Yea |
| Steele | — | Yea |
| Devault | — | Yea |
| Flanigan | — | Not Voting |
| Kump | — | Not Voting |
| Clark, T | — | Yea |
| Anitra Hamilton | Democrat | Yea |
| Evan Hansen | Democrat | Yea |
| Hollis Lewis | Democrat | Yea |
| John Williams | Democrat | Yea |
| Kayla Young | Democrat | Yea |
| Mike Pushkin | Democrat | Yea |
| Rick Garcia | Democrat | Yea |
| Sean Hornbuckle | Democrat | Yea |
| Shawn Fluharty | Democrat | Yea |
| Adam Burkhammer | Republican | Yea |
| Adam Vance | Republican | Not Voting |
| Andy Shamblin | Republican | Not Voting |
| Betsy Kelly | Republican | Yea |
| Bill Ridenour | Republican | Yea |
| Bob Fehrenbacher | Republican | Yea |
| Bryan Smith | Republican | Yea |
| Bryan Ward | Republican | Yea |
| Carl "Bill" Roop | Republican | Yea |
| Carl Martin | Republican | Yea |
| Charles Sheedy | Republican | Yea |
| Chris Phillips | Republican | Yea |
| Christopher W. Toney | Republican | Yea |
| Chuck Horst | Republican | Yea |
| Clay Riley | Republican | Yea |
| D. Rolland Jennings | Republican | Yea |
| Dana Ferrell | Republican | Yea |
| Dave Foggin | Republican | Not Voting |
| David Cannon | Republican | Yea |
| David Green | Republican | Yea |
| David McCormick | Republican | Yea |
| Dean Jeffries | Republican | Yea |
| Doug Smith | Republican | Yea |
| Elias Coop-Gonzalez | Republican | Yea |
| Eric Brooks | Republican | Yea |
| Erica Moore | Republican | Yea |
| Evan Worrell | Republican | Yea |
| Gary G. Howell | Republican | Yea |
| Geno Chiarelli | Republican | Yea |
| George Miller | Republican | Yea |
| George Street | Republican | Yea |
| Henry Dillon | Republican | Yea |
| Ian T. Masters | Republican | Yea |
| James Robert "JB" Akers II | Republican | Yea |
| Jarred Cannon | Republican | Yea |
| Jeff Campbell | Republican | Yea |
| Jeff Eldridge | Republican | Yea |
| Jeffrey Stephens | Republican | Yea |
| Jim Butler | Republican | Yea |
| Jimmy Willis | Republican | Yea |
| Joe Ellington | Republican | Yea |
| Joe Funkhouser | Republican | Not Voting |
| Joe Parsons | Republican | Yea |
| Joe Statler | Republican | Yea |
| John Paul Hott | Republican | Yea |
| Jonathan Kyle | Republican | Yea |
| Jonathan Pinson | Republican | Yea |
| Jordan Bridges | Republican | Yea |
| Jordan Maynor | Republican | Yea |
| Josh Holstein | Republican | Yea |
| Kathie Hess Crouse | Republican | Not Voting |
| Keith Marple | Republican | Yea |
| Laura Kimble | Republican | Yea |
| Lisa White | Republican | Yea |
| Lori Dittman | Republican | Yea |
| Margitta Mazzocchi | Republican | Yea |
| Mark Dean | Republican | Yea |
| Mark Zatezalo | Republican | Yea |
| Marshall W. Clay | Republican | Yea |
| Marty Gearheart | Republican | Yea |
| Matthew Rohrbach | Republican | Yea |
| Michael Amos | Republican | Yea |
| Michael Hite | Republican | Yea |
| Michael Hornby | Republican | Yea |
| Mickey Petitto | Republican | Yea |
| Pat McGeehan | Republican | Yea |
| Patrick Lucas | Republican | Yea |
| Phil Mallow | Republican | Yea |
| Ray Canterbury | Republican | Yea |
| Rick Hillenbrand | Republican | Yea |
| Roger Hanshaw | Republican | Yea |
| Roy Cooper | Republican | Yea |
| Ryan Browning | Republican | Yea |
| S. Chris Anders | Republican | Not Voting |
| Sarah Drennan | Republican | Yea |
| Scot C. Heckert | Republican | Yea |
| Stanley Adkins | Republican | Yea |
| Trenton Barnhart | Republican | Yea |
| Tresa Howell | Republican | Yea |
| Tristan Leavitt | Republican | Yea |
| Vacant1 | Republican | Yea |
| Vernon Criss | Republican | Yea |
| Walter Hall | Republican | Yea |
| Wayne Clark | Republican | Yea |
| William Anderson | Republican | Yea |
| Party | Yea | Nay | Present | Not Voting |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | 28 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Unaffiliated | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Democrat | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | 33 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| % of votes cast | 97% | 0% | 0% | 3% |
How each member voted (34)
| Member | Party | Vote |
|---|---|---|
| STUART | — | Yea |
| BOLEY | — | Yea |
| MR PRESIDENT | — | Yea |
| Joey Garcia | Democrat | Yea |
| Mike Woelfel | Democrat | Yea |
| Amy Grady | Republican | Yea |
| Anne B. Charnock | Republican | Yea |
| Ben Queen | Republican | Yea |
| Bill Hamilton | Republican | Yea |
| Brian Helton | Republican | Yea |
| Charles H. Clements | Republican | Yea |
| Chris Rose | Republican | Yea |
| Craig A. Hart | Republican | Yea |
| Darren Thorne | Republican | Yea |
| Eric Tarr | Republican | Yea |
| Glenn Jeffries | Republican | Yea |
| Jack Woodrum | Republican | Yea |
| Jason Barrett | Republican | Yea |
| Jay Taylor | Republican | Yea |
| Laura Wakim Chapman | Republican | Yea |
| Mark R. Maynard | Republican | Yea |
| Mike Azinger | Republican | Yea |
| Mike Oliverio | Republican | Yea |
| Patricia Rucker | Republican | Yea |
| Patrick Martin | Republican | Yea |
| Robbie Morris | Republican | Yea |
| Rollan A. Roberts | Republican | Yea |
| Rupie Phillips | Republican | Yea |
| Ryan Weld | Republican | Yea |
| Scott Fuller | Republican | Yea |
| T. Kevan Bartlett | Republican | Not Voting |
| Tom Takubo | Republican | Yea |
| Tom Willis | Republican | Yea |
| Vince Deeds | Republican | Yea |
Subjects
Frequently asked questions
- Who sponsors SB 496?
- SB 496 is sponsored by Darren Thorne (Republican) and Patricia Rucker (Republican).
- What is the current status of SB 496?
- This bill has been enacted into law. Introduced February 14, 2025. Enacted.
- Where can I track SB 496?
- Track SB 496 free on One Click Politics — get push/email alerts when it moves.
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