United States 119th Congress Status: In Committee Bipartisan · 6 D · 1 I cosponsors

S 25 — Polluters Pay Climate Fund Act of 2025

Last action — Read twice and referred to the Committee on Finance.

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  1. ✓
    Introduced
  2. 2
    In Committee
  3. 3
    Passed Senate
  4. 4
    Passed House
  5. 5
    To Executive
  6. 6
    Enacted

This bill is in committee in the Senate. Introduced January 07, 2025. It must pass committee before a floor vote.

Next likely step: a committee vote, then a floor vote in the Senate.

Prognosis

Advancing 42% · moderate confidence

Where this bill stands today.

Odds of enactment

Low

How often bills like it became law.

  • In Committee

    Current position in the legislative process.

  • 7 sponsors

    1 primary, 6 co-sponsors signed on.

  • Bipartisan support

    Sponsored across 2 parties (6 D · 1 I) — cross-party backing.

Prognosis reads this bill's own signals — stage, sponsorship breadth, committee status, recorded votes and cross-state momentum. Odds come from a model trained on which bills have become law.

Bill Text

How this bill changes current law

14 changes Share ↗

AI-generated reading aid from the bill's amendatory text — verify against the official bill.

The bill establishes a new tax on fossil fuel emissions and creates the Polluters Pay Climate Fund.

  • Chapter 38 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986

    Subchapter E--Certain Fossil Fuel Emissions

    This establishes a new subchapter for taxing fossil fuel emissions.

  • Chapter 38 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986

    SEC. 4691. IMPOSITION OF TAX.

    This section imposes a tax on fossil fuel emissions.

  • Section 4691

    Each assessable person shall pay to the Secretary of the Treasury not later than the applicable payment date a tax in an amount determined under subsection (b).

    It mandates that each entity responsible for emissions must pay this tax to the Treasury.

  • Section 4691

    The tax under this section shall be equal to an amount that bears the same ratio to $1,000,000,000,000 as the assessable person's applicable share of covered carbon dioxide emissions bears to the aggregate applicable shares of covered carbon dioxide emissions of all assessable persons.

    The tax amount is based on the ratio of a person's emissions to total emissions.

  • Section 4691

    The applicable share of covered carbon dioxide emissions taken into account under this section for any assessable person shall be the excess (if any) of the covered carbon dioxide emissions attributable to such person over 1,000,000,000 metric tons.

    It sets the threshold for emissions that will be taxed.

  • Section 4691

    For purposes of this section, all persons treated as a single employer shall be treated as a single assessable person.

    It consolidates emissions reporting for related entities under a single tax responsibility.

  • Section 4691

    If more than one person is liable for payment of the tax... all such persons shall be jointly and severally liable for payment of such tax.

    It establishes joint liability for tax obligations among related parties.

  • Section 4691

    The term 'covered carbon dioxide emissions' means the total quantity of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere during the covered period by reason such person engaging in the trade or business of extracting fossil fuels or of refining crude oil.

    It defines what constitutes covered emissions for tax purposes.

  • Section 4691

    The term 'fossil fuel' means coal, crude oil, and fuel gases.

    It clarifies which substances the tax applies to.

  • Section 4691

    An assessable person may elect to pay the tax under this section in 9 annual installments.

    It allows companies to pay their tax obligations in installments.

  • Section 4691

    The Secretary may adjust... if such person establishes... that a portion of such amount was attributable to the extraction of crude oil by another assessable person.

    It provides for adjustments in tax liabilities under certain conditions.

  • Section 4691

    An amount equivalent to 942.5 metric tons of carbon dioxide shall be treated as released for every 1,000,000 pounds of coal.

    Establishes specific emission factors for coal.

  • Section 4691

    An amount equivalent to 432,180 metric tons of carbon dioxide shall be treated as released for every 1,000,000 barrels of crude oil.

    Establishes specific emission factors for crude oil.

  • Section 4691

    An amount equivalent to 54,440 metric tons of carbon dioxide shall be treated as released for every 1,000,000,000 cubic feet of fuel gases.

    Establishes specific emission factors for fuel gases.

Action History

  1. Introduced in Senate

  2. Read twice and referred to the Committee on Finance.

Sponsors

Sponsorship breakdown

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1 sponsors · 6 co-sponsors · 540 not signed on

Sponsors (1)

Co-sponsors (6)

Not signed on (540)

540 members have not signed on to this bill.

Show all 540 →

"Not signed on" means a member has not sponsored or co-sponsored this bill — it does not imply opposition. Members flagged Voted No have a recorded No vote on this bill.

Whip count is in markup. Polling the chamber and every recorded vote this session. Only the first open is slow. It’s instant for you after this. Calling the roll · Tallying · Engrossing

Subjects

taxation environment
Cross-referencing the record. Reading this bill against every other bill in the corpus by meaning, not keywords. Only the first open is slow. It’s instant for you after this. Matching · Ranking · Engrossing

Frequently asked questions

Who sponsors S 25?
S 25 is sponsored by Van Hollen, Chris (Democratic), Sanders, Bernard (Independent), Merkley, Jeff (Democratic), Markey, Edward J. (Democratic), Warren, Elizabeth (Democratic), Welch, Peter (Democratic), and Alsobrooks, Angela D. (Democratic).
What is the current status of S 25?
This bill is in committee in the Senate. Introduced January 07, 2025. It must pass committee before a floor vote.
Where can I track S 25?
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