Michigan 2025-2026 Regular Session Status: Passed Senate 1 D cosponsors

SB 611 — Civil procedure: service of process; cost for service of process for personal protection orders; eliminate. Amends secs. 2559 & 2950 of 1961 PA 236 (MCL 600.2559 & 600.2950). TIE BAR WITH: SB 0612'25, HB 5121'25

Last action — referred to Committee on Judiciary

  1. ✓
    Introduced
  2. ✓
    In Committee
  3. 3
    Passed Senate
  4. 4
    Passed House
  5. 5
    To Executive
  6. 6
    Enacted

This bill has passed the Senate. Introduced December 10, 2025. It now moves to the second chamber.

Next likely step: consideration and a floor vote in the House.

Odds of enactment

Moderate chance

Based on the sponsor, cosponsors, and committee posture, this bill has a moderate chance of becoming law.

Upgrade to see the exact probability and what's driving it.

A statistical estimate from our own model of past outcomes — an insight, not a guarantee. Policymaking is volatile.

Prognosis

Advancing 48% · moderate confidence

  • Passed Senate

    Current position in the legislative process.

  • 1 sponsor

    1 primary, 0 co-sponsors signed on.

  • Single-party support

    Sponsorship is currently within one party (1 D).

  • Cleared a recorded vote

    Passed 2 recorded votes so far.

Based on stage, sponsorship breadth, committee status, recorded votes, and cross-state momentum — a description of the observable signals, not a prediction.

Summary

Civil procedure: service of process; cost for service of process for personal protection orders; eliminate. Amends secs. 2559 & 2950 of 1961 PA 236 (MCL 600.2559 & 600.2950). TIE BAR WITH: SB 0612'25, HB 5121'25

Bill Text

What changed in the latest version

419 added · 409 removed

Plain-language change summary

The updated version of Bill SB 611 clarifies the fee structure for serving court documents related to personal protection orders. Previously, if funds were available, a law enforcement agency could charge a fee of $50 for the service; now, if there are unspent funds in the relevant service fund, no fee will be collected from the petitioner at all. Additionally, the bill has simplified the language regarding who can serve documents by allowing any legally competent adult to do so. These changes aim to reduce financial burdens on petitioners seeking protection and streamline the process for them.

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SUBSTITUTE FOR SENATE BILL NO.
SB-611, As Passed Senate, December 9, 2025 SUBSTITUTE FOR SENATE BILL NO.
TDR S04613'25 (S-1) 4zp7ma 1 (b) For personal service of an affidavit and account, for each defendant, $26.00 plus mileage.
TDR S04613'25 (S-2)_SB611_APS_1 a7vprm 1 (b) For personal service of an affidavit and account, for each defendant, $26.00 plus mileage.
TDR S04613'25 (S-1) 4zp7ma 1 (k) For each notice of sale under an order for the seizure of property or construction lien posted in a public place in the city or township, $26.00 plus mileage.
TDR S04613'25 (S-2)_SB611_APS_1 a7vprm 1 (k) For each notice of sale under an order for the seizure of property or construction lien posted in a public place in the city or township, $26.00 plus mileage.
(3) Mileage is allowed under subsection (1) at 1-1/2 times the TDR S04613'25 (S-1) 4zp7ma 1 rate allowed by the state civil service commission for employees in the state classified civil service.
(3) Mileage is allowed under subsection (1) at 1-1/2 times the TDR S04613'25 (S-2)_SB611_APS_1 a7vprm 1 rate allowed by the state civil service commission for employees in the state classified civil service.
TDR S04613'25 (S-1) 4zp7ma 1 (8) Regardless of whether a fee charged or paid for service of process exceeds the fee prescribed by this section or other law, including a fee allowed under subsection (7), a person entitled to tax costs shall not attempt to tax and is not entitled to recover a fee for service of process that exceeds the fee prescribed by this section or other law.
TDR S04613'25 (S-2)_SB611_APS_1 a7vprm 1 (8) Regardless of whether a fee charged or paid for service of process exceeds the fee prescribed by this section or other law, including a fee allowed under subsection (7), a person entitled to tax costs shall not attempt to tax and is not entitled to recover a fee for service of process that exceeds the fee prescribed by this section or other law.
(10) To assure compliance with section 40121 of the violence against women act of 1994, 34 USC 10450, a court or law enforcement agency shall not charge or collect from the petitioner a fee for serving a court document listed in this subsection in a proceeding for a personal protection order under section 2950 or 2950a, or a foreign protection order under section 2950l.
(10) To assure compliance with section 40121 of the violence against women act of 1994, 34 USC 10450, it is the intent of the legislature to fully fund reimbursement under this subsection.
However, a law enforcement agency required to serve the court document may charge and collect $50.00 for completed service from the personal protection order service fund created in section 2950p.
If money in the personal protection order service fund created in section 2950p is not fully expended, a court or law enforcement agency shall not charge or collect from the petitioner a fee for serving a court document listed in this subsection in a proceeding for a personal protection order under section 2950 or 2950a, or a foreign protection order as defined in section 2950h.
The law enforcement agency shall not charge or collect more than $50.00 for service of multiple documents at the same time.
However, a law enforcement agency required to serve the court document may charge and collect the greater of $50.00 or $26.00 plus mileage as provided under subsection (3) for completed service from the personal protection order service fund created in section 2950p.
The law enforcement agency shall not charge or collect more than the applicable amount allowed under this subsection for service of multiple documents at the same time.
If money from the personal protection order service fund is fully expended before the end of the fiscal year, a petitioner must not be charged and service may be made by a legally competent adult who is not a party to or an officer of a corporate party.
Notwithstanding this subsection, service may be made by a legally competent adult who is not a party to the TDR S04613'25 (S-2)_SB611_APS_1 a7vprm 1 action.
It is the intent of the legislature to fully fund reimbursement under this subsection.
TDR S04613'25 (S-1) 4zp7ma 1 (a) A petition for a personal protection order.
(a) A petition for a personal protection order.
(c) Threatening to kill or physically injure a named individual.
(c) Threatening to kill or physically injure a named TDR S04613'25 (S-2)_SB611_APS_1 a7vprm 1 individual.
(d) Removing minor children from the individual having legal TDR S04613'25 (S-1) 4zp7ma 1 custody of the children, except as otherwise authorized by a custody or parenting time order issued by a court of competent jurisdiction.
(d) Removing minor children from the individual having legal custody of the children, except as otherwise authorized by a custody or parenting time order issued by a court of competent jurisdiction.
(i) Injuring, killing, torturing, neglecting, or threatening to injure, kill, torture, or neglect the animal.
TDR S04613'25 (S-2)_SB611_APS_1 a7vprm 1 (i) Injuring, killing, torturing, neglecting, or threatening to injure, kill, torture, or neglect the animal.
A restraining order TDR S04613'25 (S-1) 4zp7ma 1 that enjoins conduct under this subparagraph does not prohibit the lawful killing or other use of the animal as described in section 50(11) 50(12) of the Michigan penal code, 1931 PA 328, MCL 750.50.
A restraining order that enjoins conduct under this subparagraph does not prohibit the lawful killing or other use of the animal as described in section 50(11) 50(12) of the Michigan penal code, 1931 PA 328, MCL 750.50.
(4) The court shall issue a personal protection order under this section if the court determines that there is reasonable cause to believe that the individual to be restrained or enjoined may commit 1 or more of the acts listed in subsection (1).
(4) The court shall issue a personal protection order under this section if the court determines that there is reasonable cause TDR S04613'25 (S-2)_SB611_APS_1 a7vprm 1 to believe that the individual to be restrained or enjoined may commit 1 or more of the acts listed in subsection (1).
In TDR S04613'25 (S-1) 4zp7ma 1 determining whether reasonable cause exists, the court shall consider all of the following:
In determining whether reasonable cause exists, the court shall consider all of the following:
If a hearing is held, the court shall also immediately state on the record the specific reasons it refuses to issue a personal protection order.
If a hearing is held, the court shall also immediately state on the record the specific TDR S04613'25 (S-2)_SB611_APS_1 a7vprm 1 reasons it refuses to issue a personal protection order.
(8) A court shall not issue a mutual personal protection TDR S04613'25 (S-1) 4zp7ma 1 order.
(8) A court shall not issue a mutual personal protection order.
However, this subsection does not bar any other law enforcement agency from serving these documents.
The law enforcement agency designated under this subsection must be an agency within whose jurisdiction the respondent resides.
This subsection does not bar any other law enforcement agency or any legally competent adult who is not a party to the action from serving these documents.
(i) If the respondent is 17 years of age or older, immediate arrest and the civil and criminal contempt powers of the court and, if he or she the respondent is found guilty of criminal contempt, imprisonment for not more than 93 days and a fine of not more than $500.00.
TDR S04613'25 (S-2)_SB611_APS_1 a7vprm 1 (i) If the respondent is 17 years of age or older, immediate arrest and the civil and criminal contempt powers of the court and, if he or she the respondent is found guilty of criminal contempt, imprisonment for not more than 93 days and a fine of not more than $500.00.
TDR S04613'25 (S-1) 4zp7ma 1 (ii) If the respondent is less than 17 years of age, immediate apprehension or being taken into custody and the dispositional alternatives listed in section 18 of chapter XIIA of the probate code of 1939, 1939 PA 288, MCL 712A.18.
(ii) If the respondent is less than 17 years of age, immediate apprehension or being taken into custody and the dispositional alternatives listed in section 18 of chapter XIIA of the probate code of 1939, 1939 PA 288, MCL 712A.18.
(h) (g) For ex parte orders, a statement that the individual restrained or enjoined may file a motion to modify or rescind the personal protection order and request a hearing within 14 days after the individual restrained or enjoined has been served or has received actual notice of the order and that motion forms and filing instructions are available from the clerk of the court.
(h) (g) For ex parte orders, a statement that the individual TDR S04613'25 (S-2)_SB611_APS_1 a7vprm 1 restrained or enjoined may file a motion to modify or rescind the personal protection order and request a hearing within 14 days after the individual restrained or enjoined has been served or has received actual notice of the order and that motion forms and filing instructions are available from the clerk of the court.
TDR S04613'25 (S-1) 4zp7ma 1 (13) (12) A court shall issue an ex parte personal protection order without written or oral notice to the individual restrained or enjoined or his or her the individual's attorney if it clearly appears from specific facts shown by a verified complaint, written motion, or affidavit that immediate and irreparable injury, loss, or damage will result from the delay required to effectuate notice or that the notice will itself precipitate adverse action before a personal protection order can be issued.
(13) (12) A court shall issue an ex parte personal protection order without written or oral notice to the individual restrained or enjoined or his or her the individual's attorney if it clearly appears from specific facts shown by a verified complaint, written motion, or affidavit that immediate and irreparable injury, loss, or damage will result from the delay required to effectuate notice or that the notice will itself precipitate adverse action before a personal protection order can be issued.
If the respondent is a person described in subsection (2) and the personal protection order prohibits him or her the person from purchasing or possessing a firearm, the court shall schedule a hearing on the motion to modify or rescind the ex parte personal protection order within not later than 5 days after the motion is filed.
If the respondent is a person described in subsection (2) and the personal protection order prohibits him or her the person from purchasing or possessing a firearm, the court shall schedule a hearing on the motion to modify or rescind the ex parte personal TDR S04613'25 (S-2)_SB611_APS_1 a7vprm 1 protection order within not later than 5 days after the motion is filed.
(16) (15) The clerk of the court that issues a personal protection order shall do all of the following immediately upon issuance and without requiring a proof of service on the individual TDR S04613'25 (S-1) 4zp7ma 1 restrained or enjoined:
(16) (15) The clerk of the court that issues a personal protection order shall do all of the following immediately upon issuance and without requiring a proof of service on the individual restrained or enjoined:
(c) Inform the petitioner that the personal protection order and the petition and notice of hearing, if applicable, must be served as soon as practicable but not later than 72 hours after issuance and at no charge to the petitioner by the law enforcement agency designated by the court under subsection (11).
(c) Inform the petitioner that the personal protection order and the petition and notice of hearing, if applicable, must be served as soon as practicable but not later than 72 hours after issuance by the law enforcement agency designated by the court under subsection (11), and will be served at no cost to the petitioner if money in the personal protection order service fund has not been fully expended.
(f) (e) If the respondent is identified in the pleadings as a department of corrections employee, notify the state department of corrections about the existence of the personal protection order.
(f) (e) If the respondent is identified in the pleadings as a department of corrections employee, notify the state department of TDR S04613'25 (S-2)_SB611_APS_1 a7vprm 1 corrections about the existence of the personal protection order.
TDR S04613'25 (S-1) 4zp7ma 1 (17) (16) The clerk of the court shall inform the petitioner that he or she the petitioner may take a true copy of the personal protection order to the law enforcement agency designated by the court under subsection (10) (11) to be immediately entered into the law enforcement information network.
(17) (16) The clerk of the court shall inform the petitioner that he or she the petitioner may take a true copy of the personal protection order to the law enforcement agency designated by the court under subsection (10) (11) to be immediately entered into the law enforcement information network.
If the individual restrained or enjoined has not been served, a law enforcement officer or clerk of the court who knows that a personal protection order exists may, at any time, serve the individual restrained or enjoined with a true copy of the order or advise the individual restrained or enjoined of the existence of the personal protection order, the specific conduct enjoined, the penalties for violating the order, and where the individual restrained or enjoined may obtain a copy of the order.
If the individual restrained or enjoined has not been served, a law enforcement officer or clerk of the court who knows that a personal protection order exists may, at any time, serve the individual restrained or enjoined with a true copy of the order or advise the individual restrained or enjoined of the existence of the personal TDR S04613'25 (S-2)_SB611_APS_1 a7vprm 1 protection order, the specific conduct enjoined, the penalties for violating the order, and where the individual restrained or enjoined may obtain a copy of the order.
If the respondent is less than 18 years of age, the parent, guardian, or custodian of the individual must also be served personally or by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, delivery restricted to the addressee at the last known address or addresses of the parent, TDR S04613'25 (S-1) 4zp7ma 1 guardian, or custodian.
If the respondent is less than 18 years of age, the parent, guardian, or custodian of the individual must also be served personally or by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, delivery restricted to the addressee at the last known address or addresses of the parent, guardian, or custodian.
(22) (21) Subject to subsection (22), (23), a personal protection order is immediately enforceable anywhere in this state by any law enforcement agency that has received a true copy of the order, is shown a copy of it, or has verified its existence on the law enforcement information network as provided by the C.J.I.S.
(22) (21) Subject to subsection (22), (23), a personal protection order is immediately enforceable anywhere in this state TDR S04613'25 (S-2)_SB611_APS_1 a7vprm 1 by any law enforcement agency that has received a true copy of the order, is shown a copy of it, or has verified its existence on the law enforcement information network as provided by the C.J.I.S.
(23) (22) If the individual restrained or enjoined has not been served, a law enforcement agency or officer responding to a call alleging a violation of a personal protection order shall TDR S04613'25 (S-1) 4zp7ma 1 serve the individual restrained or enjoined with a true copy of the order or advise the individual restrained or enjoined of the existence of the personal protection order, the specific conduct enjoined, the penalties for violating the order, and where the individual restrained or enjoined may obtain a copy of the order.
(23) (22) If the individual restrained or enjoined has not been served, a law enforcement agency or officer responding to a call alleging a violation of a personal protection order shall serve the individual restrained or enjoined with a true copy of the order or advise the individual restrained or enjoined of the existence of the personal protection order, the specific conduct enjoined, the penalties for violating the order, and where the individual restrained or enjoined may obtain a copy of the order.
(24) (23) An individual who is 17 years of age or older and who refuses or fails to comply with a personal protection order under this section is subject to the criminal contempt powers of the court and, if found guilty, must be imprisoned for not more than 93 days and may be fined not more than $500.00.
TDR S04613'25 (S-2)_SB611_APS_1 a7vprm 1 (24) (23) An individual who is 17 years of age or older and who refuses or fails to comply with a personal protection order under this section is subject to the criminal contempt powers of the court and, if found guilty, must be imprisoned for not more than 93 days and may be fined not more than $500.00.
An individual who is less than 17 years of age and who refuses or fails to comply with a personal protection order issued under this section is TDR S04613'25 (S-1) 4zp7ma 1 subject to the dispositional alternatives listed in section 18 of chapter XIIA of the probate code of 1939, 1939 PA 288, MCL 712A.18.
An individual who is less than 17 years of age and who refuses or fails to comply with a personal protection order issued under this section is subject to the dispositional alternatives listed in section 18 of chapter XIIA of the probate code of 1939, 1939 PA 288, MCL 712A.18.
(28) (27) If the respondent is less than 18 years of age, issuance of a personal protection order under this section is subject to chapter XIIA of the probate code of 1939, 1939 PA 288, MCL 712A.1 to 712A.32.
(28) (27) If the respondent is less than 18 years of age, TDR S04613'25 (S-2)_SB611_APS_1 a7vprm 1 issuance of a personal protection order under this section is subject to chapter XIIA of the probate code of 1939, 1939 PA 288, MCL 712A.1 to 712A.32.
(30) (29) For purposes of subsection (1)(k), a petitioner has TDR S04613'25 (S-1) 4zp7ma 1 an ownership interest in an animal if 1 or more of the following are applicable:
(30) (29) For purposes of subsection (1)(k), a petitioner has an ownership interest in an animal if 1 or more of the following are applicable:
Enacting section 1.
TDR S04613'25 (S-2)_SB611_APS_1 a7vprm Enacting section 1.
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Action History

  1. referred to Committee on Judiciary

Sponsors

Sponsorship breakdown

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1 sponsors · 0 co-sponsors · 146 not signed on

Sponsors (1)

Co-sponsors (0)

None.

Not signed on (146)

146 members have not signed on to this bill.

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"Not signed on" means a member has not sponsored or co-sponsored this bill — it does not imply opposition. Members flagged Voted No have a recorded No vote on this bill.

Whip count is in markup. Polling the chamber and every recorded vote this session. Only the first open is slow. It’s instant for you after this. Calling the roll · Tallying · Engrossing

Votes

PASSED

Passed 35 Yea · 0 Nay · 2 Other
Party YeaNayPresentNot Voting
Republican 15002
Democrat 19000
Unaffiliated 1000
Total 35002
% of votes cast 95%0%0%5%
How each member voted (37)
Member Party Vote
Outman — Yea
Darrin Camilleri Democrat Yea
Dayna Polehanki Democrat Yea
Erika Geiss Democrat Yea
Jeff Irwin Democrat Yea
Jeremy Moss Democrat Yea
John Cherry Democrat Yea
Kevin Hertel Democrat Yea
Mallory McMorrow Democrat Yea
Mary Cavanagh Democrat Yea
Paul Wojno Democrat Yea
Rosemary Bayer Democrat Yea
Sam Singh Democrat Yea
Sarah Anthony Democrat Yea
Sean McCann Democrat Yea
Stephanie Chang Democrat Yea
Sue Shink Democrat Yea
Sylvia Santana Democrat Yea
Veronica Klinefelt Democrat Yea
Winnie Brinks Democrat Yea
Aric Nesbitt Republican Yea
Dan Lauwers Republican Yea
Edward McBroom Republican Yea
Jim Runestad Republican Not Voting
John Damoose Republican Yea
Jon Bumstead Republican Not Voting
Jonathan Lindsey Republican Yea
Joseph Bellino Jr. Republican Yea
Kevin Daley Republican Yea
Lana Theis Republican Yea
Mark Huizenga Republican Yea
Michael Webber Republican Yea
Michele Hoitenga Republican Yea
Roger Hauck Republican Yea
Roger Victory Republican Yea
Ruth Johnson Republican Yea
Thomas Albert Republican Yea

Official roll call →

PASSED ROLL CALL # 323 YEAS 35 NAYS 0 EXCUSED 2 NOT VOTING 0

Passed 35 Yea · 0 Nay · 2 Other
Party YeaNayPresentNot Voting
Republican 16002
Democrat 19000
Total 35002
% of votes cast 95%0%0%5%
How each member voted (37)
Member Party Vote
Darrin Camilleri Democrat Yea
Dayna Polehanki Democrat Yea
Erika Geiss Democrat Yea
Jeff Irwin Democrat Yea
Jeremy Moss Democrat Yea
John Cherry Democrat Yea
Kevin Hertel Democrat Yea
Mallory McMorrow Democrat Yea
Mary Cavanagh Democrat Yea
Paul Wojno Democrat Yea
Rosemary Bayer Democrat Yea
Sam Singh Democrat Yea
Sarah Anthony Democrat Yea
Sean McCann Democrat Yea
Stephanie Chang Democrat Yea
Sue Shink Democrat Yea
Sylvia Santana Democrat Yea
Veronica Klinefelt Democrat Yea
Winnie Brinks Democrat Yea
Aric Nesbitt Republican Yea
Dan Lauwers Republican Yea
Edward McBroom Republican Yea
Jim Runestad Republican Not Voting
John Damoose Republican Yea
Jon Bumstead Republican Not Voting
Jonathan Lindsey Republican Yea
Joseph Bellino Jr. Republican Yea
Kevin Daley Republican Yea
Lana Theis Republican Yea
Mark Huizenga Republican Yea
Michael Webber Republican Yea
Michele Hoitenga Republican Yea
Rick Outman Republican Yea
Roger Hauck Republican Yea
Roger Victory Republican Yea
Ruth Johnson Republican Yea
Thomas Albert Republican Yea

Official roll call →

Subjects

public-safety civil-rights
Cross-referencing the record. Reading this bill against every other bill in the corpus by meaning, not keywords. Only the first open is slow. It’s instant for you after this. Matching · Ranking · Engrossing

Frequently asked questions

What does SB 611 do?
Civil procedure: service of process; cost for service of process for personal protection orders; eliminate. Amends secs. 2559 & 2950 of 1961 PA 236 (MCL 600.2559 & 600.2950). TIE BAR WITH: SB 0612'25, HB 5121'25
Who sponsors SB 611?
SB 611 is sponsored by Stephanie Chang (Democrat).
What is the current status of SB 611?
This bill has passed the Senate. Introduced December 10, 2025. It now moves to the second chamber.
Where can I track SB 611?
Track SB 611 free on One Click Politics — get push/email alerts when it moves.

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